Tennekoon Karunaratne

Dr. Tennekoon Karunaratne

Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30904 USA
orcid

Research Focus & Metrics

Academic Career Length

11Years (2016-Present)

(Calculated once Scilit publication data is synced: current year − year of first publication + 1)

Representative Publications

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29 September 2016 in Neurogastroenterology & Motility
Verified
Journal Article
Closed access
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Giovanni Di NardoGiovanni Di Nardo
Giovanni Di Nardo
CLC. Di Lorenzo
C. Di Lorenzo
ALA. Lauro
A. Lauro
VSV. Stanghellini
V. Stanghellini
NTN. Thapar
N. Thapar
Roberto De GiorgioRoberto De Giorgio
Roberto De Giorgio

1 July 2018 in Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology
Verified
Journal Article
Closed access
PDF file
TDThomas J. Downes
Thomas J. Downes
MCManikandar S. Cheruvu
Manikandar S. Cheruvu
TKTennekoon Karunaratne
Tennekoon Karunaratne
RGRoberto De Giorgio
Roberto De Giorgio
AFAdam D. Farmer
Adam D. Farmer
Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is a rare disorder characterized by an impairment of coordinated propulsive activity in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, which clinically mimics mechanical intestinal obstruction. CIPO is the most severe and debilitating form of GI dysmotility. CIPO may be primary or be secondary to pathology at any level of the brain-gut axis as well as systemic disease. The clinical features of CIPO are pleomorphic and largely depend on the site and extent of the segment of the GI tract involved. The diagnostic approach includes the need for investigations to exclude mechanical GI obstruction, screening for causes of secondary CIPO and the identification of the disease phenotype as well as the prompt recognition and treatment of complications such as malnutrition and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. In managing this disorder, a holistic, multidisciplinary approach is needed with judicious use of pharmacotherapeutic agents. While currently there are no specific therapeutic modalities for CIPO, treatment is largely directed at maintaining adequate nutrition and electrolyte balance and enhancing coordinated GI motility. Surgery should be avoided unless advisable for carefully selected patients and may include stoma formation. This narrative review provides a concise overview of the literature on this rare, severe and complex disorder, and highlights the need and areas for further research to improve both diagnostics and therapeutics.

1 September 2016 in Developmental Biology
Verified
Journal Article
Closed access
AGAllan M. Goldstein
Allan M. Goldstein
NTNikhil Thapar
Nikhil Thapar
TKTennekoon Karunaratne
Tennekoon Karunaratne
RGRoberto De Giorgio
Roberto De Giorgio

23 December 2020 in Nutrients
Verified
Journal Article
Open access
PDF file
TKTennekoon Karunaratne
Tennekoon Karunaratne
COChijioke Okereke
Chijioke Okereke
MSMarissa Seamon
Marissa Seamon
SPSharad Purohit
Sharad Purohit
CWChandramohan Wakade
Chandramohan Wakade
ASand Amol Sharma
and Amol Sharma
Dysbiosis is implicated by many studies in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Advances in sequencing technology and computing have resulted in confounding data regarding pathogenic bacterial profiles in conditions such as PD. Changes in the microbiome with reductions in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria and increases in endotoxin-producing bacteria likely contribute to the pathogenesis of PD. GPR109A, a G-protein coupled receptor found on the surface of the intestinal epithelium and immune cells, plays a key role in controlling intestinal permeability and the inflammatory cascade. The absence of GPR109A receptors is associated with decreased concentration of tight junction proteins, leading to increased intestinal permeability and susceptibility to inflammation. In inflammatory states, butyrate acts via GPR109A to increase concentrations of tight junction proteins and improve intestinal permeability. Niacin deficiency is exacerbated in PD by dopaminergic medications. Niacin supplementation has been shown to shift macrophage polarization from pro-inflammatory to an anti-inflammatory profile. Niacin and butyrate, promising nutrients and unique ligands for the G protein-coupled receptor GPR109A, are reviewed in this paper in detail.

23 November 2016 in Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Verified
Journal Article
Closed access
UVUmberto Volta
Umberto Volta
GCGiacomo Caio
Giacomo Caio
TKTennekoon Karunaratne
Tennekoon Karunaratne
AAArmin Alaedini
Armin Alaedini
RGRoberto De Giorgio
Roberto De Giorgio
Introduction: Non-coeliac gluten/wheat sensitivity (NCG/WS) is a syndrome characterized by intestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms occurring a few hours or days after the ingestion of gluten and wheat proteins in patients testing negative for coeliac disease and wheat allergy. Areas covered: The present review deals with recent scientific acquisitions of this gluten-related syndrome, including pathogenetic mechanisms, clinical picture, symptom score, biomarkers and double-blind placebo-controlled trial for diagnosis, and treatment. The methodology used was a literature search on NCG/WS using Medline and Premedline from 1970 to August 2016. Expert commentary: We discussed the pathogenesis of symptom generation and altered gut physiology in NCG/WS. Possible mechanisms include innate and adaptive immune activation, impaired intestinal epithelial barrier and changes in gut microbiome. These interlinked factors may be exploited for their clinical relevance as possible biomarkers. A systemic immune response to microbial and wheat antigens, together with intestinal cell damage, occurs in patients with NCG/WS. Due to the lack of established biomarkers, it is mandatory to validate the diagnosis of the syndrome by means of a well-defined work-up involving dietary challenge. Finally, dietary and other therapeutic indications have been thoroughly reviewed.

22 September 2017 in Neurogastroenterology & Motility
Verified
Journal Article
Closed access
PDF file
CMCarolina Malagelada
Carolina Malagelada
TKTennekoon Karunaratne
Tennekoon Karunaratne
AAA. Accarino
A. Accarino
RCR. F. Cogliandro
R. F. Cogliandro
SLStefania Landolfi
Stefania Landolfi
Roberto De GiorgioRoberto De Giorgio
Roberto De Giorgio