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Jomar Magalhães Barbosa
Department of Applied Biology, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, 03202 Alicante, Spain

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Journal article
Published: 01 July 2021 in Diversity
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Parrots stand out among birds because of their poor conservation status and the lack of available information on their population sizes and trends. Estimating parrot abundance is complicated by the high mobility, gregariousness, patchy distributions, and rarity of many species. Roadside car surveys can be useful to cover large areas and increase the probability of detecting spatially aggregated species or those occurring at very low densities. However, such surveys may be biased due to their inability to handle differences in detectability among species and habitats. We conducted 98 roadside surveys, covering > 57,000 km across 20 countries and the main world biomes, recording ca. 120,000 parrots from 137 species. We found that larger and more gregarious species are more easily visually detected and at greater distances, with variations among biomes. However, raw estimates of relative parrot abundances (individuals/km) were strongly correlated (r = 0.86–0.93) with parrot densities (individuals/km2) estimated through distance sampling (DS) models, showing that variability in abundances among species (>40 orders of magnitude) overcomes any potential detectability bias. While both methods provide similar results, DS cannot be used to study parrot communities or monitor the population trends of all parrot species as it requires a minimum of encounters that are not reached for most species (64% in our case), mainly the rarest and more threatened. However, DS may be the most suitable choice for some species-specific studies of common species. We summarize the strengths and weaknesses of both methods to guide researchers in choosing the best–fitting option for their particular research hypotheses, characteristics of the species studied, and logistical constraints.

ACS Style

José Tella; Pedro Romero-Vidal; Francisco Dénes; Fernando Hiraldo; Bernardo Toledo; Federica Rossetto; Guillermo Blanco; Dailos Hernández-Brito; Erica Pacífico; José Díaz-Luque; Abraham Rojas; Alan Bermúdez-Cavero; Álvaro Luna; Jomar Barbosa; Martina Carrete. Roadside Car Surveys: Methodological Constraints and Solutions for Estimating Parrot Abundances across the World. Diversity 2021, 13, 300 .

AMA Style

José Tella, Pedro Romero-Vidal, Francisco Dénes, Fernando Hiraldo, Bernardo Toledo, Federica Rossetto, Guillermo Blanco, Dailos Hernández-Brito, Erica Pacífico, José Díaz-Luque, Abraham Rojas, Alan Bermúdez-Cavero, Álvaro Luna, Jomar Barbosa, Martina Carrete. Roadside Car Surveys: Methodological Constraints and Solutions for Estimating Parrot Abundances across the World. Diversity. 2021; 13 (7):300.

Chicago/Turabian Style

José Tella; Pedro Romero-Vidal; Francisco Dénes; Fernando Hiraldo; Bernardo Toledo; Federica Rossetto; Guillermo Blanco; Dailos Hernández-Brito; Erica Pacífico; José Díaz-Luque; Abraham Rojas; Alan Bermúdez-Cavero; Álvaro Luna; Jomar Barbosa; Martina Carrete. 2021. "Roadside Car Surveys: Methodological Constraints and Solutions for Estimating Parrot Abundances across the World." Diversity 13, no. 7: 300.

Research
Published: 29 May 2021 in Oikos
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Animal populations have developed multiple strategies to deal with environmental change. Among them, the demographic buffering strategy consists in constraining the temporal variation of the vital rate(s) that most affect(s) the overall performance of the population. Tortoises are known to buffer their temporal variation in adult survival, which typically has the highest contribution to the population growth rate λ, at the expense of a high variability on reproductive rates, which contribute far less to λ. To identify the effects of projected increases in droughts in its natural habitat, we use field data collected across 15 locations of Testudo graeca in southeast Spain over a decade. We analyse the effects of environmental variables on reproduction rates. In addition, we couple the demographic and environmental data to parameterise an integral projection model to simulate the effects of different scenarios of drought recurrence on λ under different degrees of intensity in the survival–reproduction tradeoff. We find that droughts negatively affect the probability of laying eggs; however, the overall effects on λ under the current drought recurrence (one/decade) are negligible when survival is constant (independent of the reduction of reproduction by drought events) and when survival increased as a tradeoff with the reduction of reproduction rates, with a threshold to population viability at three or more droughts/decade. Additionally, we show that, although some species may buffer current environmental regimes by carefully orchestrating how their vital rates vary through time, a demographic buffering strategy is insufficient to ensure population viability in extreme regimes. Our findings support the hypothesis that the demographic buffering strategy has a limit of effectiveness when adverse conditions occur frequently. Our methodological approach provides a framework for ecologists to determine how effective the management of environmental drivers can be for demographically buffering populations, and which scenarios may not provide long-term population persistence.

ACS Style

Roberto C. Rodríguez‐Caro; Pol Capdevila; Eva Graciá; Jomar M. Barbosa; Andrés Giménez; Rob Salguero‐Gómez. The limits of demographic buffering in coping with environmental variation. Oikos 2021, 130, 1346 -1358.

AMA Style

Roberto C. Rodríguez‐Caro, Pol Capdevila, Eva Graciá, Jomar M. Barbosa, Andrés Giménez, Rob Salguero‐Gómez. The limits of demographic buffering in coping with environmental variation. Oikos. 2021; 130 (8):1346-1358.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Roberto C. Rodríguez‐Caro; Pol Capdevila; Eva Graciá; Jomar M. Barbosa; Andrés Giménez; Rob Salguero‐Gómez. 2021. "The limits of demographic buffering in coping with environmental variation." Oikos 130, no. 8: 1346-1358.

Journal article
Published: 13 April 2021 in Plants
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Plant–animal interactions are key to sustaining whole communities and ecosystem function. However, their complexity may limit our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and the species involved. The ecological effects of epizoochory remain little known compared to other seed dispersal mechanisms given the few vectors identified. In addition, epizoochory is mostly considered non-mutualistic since dispersers do not obtain nutritional rewards. Here, we show a widespread but unknown mutualistic interaction between parrots and plants through epizoochory. Combining our observations with photos from web-sources, we recorded nearly 2000 epizoochory events in 48 countries across five continents, involving 116 parrot species and nearly 100 plant species from 35 families, including both native and non-native species. The viscid pulp of fleshy fruits and anemochorous structures facilitate the adherence of tiny seeds (mean 3.7 × 2.56 mm) on the surface of parrots while feeding, allowing the dispersion of these seeds over long distances (mean = 118.5 m). This parrot–plant mutualism could be important in ecosystem functioning across a wide diversity of environments, also facilitating the spread of exotic plants. Future studies should include parrots for a better understanding of plant dispersal processes and for developing effective conservation actions against habitat loss and biological invasions.

ACS Style

Dailos Hernández-Brito; Pedro Romero-Vidal; Fernando Hiraldo; Guillermo Blanco; José Díaz-Luque; Jomar Barbosa; Craig Symes; Thomas White; Erica Pacífico; Esther Sebastián-González; Martina Carrete; José Tella. Epizoochory in Parrots as an Overlooked Yet Widespread Plant–Animal Mutualism. Plants 2021, 10, 760 .

AMA Style

Dailos Hernández-Brito, Pedro Romero-Vidal, Fernando Hiraldo, Guillermo Blanco, José Díaz-Luque, Jomar Barbosa, Craig Symes, Thomas White, Erica Pacífico, Esther Sebastián-González, Martina Carrete, José Tella. Epizoochory in Parrots as an Overlooked Yet Widespread Plant–Animal Mutualism. Plants. 2021; 10 (4):760.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dailos Hernández-Brito; Pedro Romero-Vidal; Fernando Hiraldo; Guillermo Blanco; José Díaz-Luque; Jomar Barbosa; Craig Symes; Thomas White; Erica Pacífico; Esther Sebastián-González; Martina Carrete; José Tella. 2021. "Epizoochory in Parrots as an Overlooked Yet Widespread Plant–Animal Mutualism." Plants 10, no. 4: 760.

Biodiversity research
Published: 12 November 2020 in Diversity and Distributions
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Aim No human activity has changed natural habitat availability and ecosystem functioning more than agriculture. As a consequence, species may be forced to use croplands as foraging habitat, resulting in potential conflicts with farmers. To assess the causes and consequences of wildlife–agriculture interactions, we investigated the underlying associations among species traits, climate and landscapes factors that determine parrot species to use croplands, and related them to their conservation status. Location Global. Methods We used parrots as a model due to their global distribution, high behavioural plasticity, high proportion of species using croplands (43%) and threatened species (26%). Within the distribution range of the 398 extant parrot species, we calculated annual averages and seasonality of ecosystem productivity, climate conditions and land‐use patterns from satellite data. We then categorized species conservation status using information provided by IUCN. Results We found that habitat degradation, where biodiversity is low and primary productivity is low and intermittent, together with the plasticity of species to use different habitats, is key interrelated conditions that increase the likelihood of species to use croplands worldwide. The persecution of parrots as crop pests varied among regions, being higher for large‐bodied species, those with small distributions, and in highly human‐impacted areas. Moreover, persecution is contributing to the global population decline and extinction risk of parrots, especially in those species with small distribution ranges. Main conclusions Parrot–agriculture conflicts may affect both the conservation of parrot species and their key ecological functions. Our results highlight the importance of using multi‐specific and multi‐source information to understand and predict where and why human–wildlife conflicts may arise, as their main drivers interact and are heterogeneous at large spatial scales. Further studies should evaluate the actual extent and economic impact of crop losses caused by wild species to help solve agriculture–wildlife conflicts.

ACS Style

Jomar M. Barbosa; Fernando Hiraldo; Miguel Á. Romero; José L. Tella. When does agriculture enter into conflict with wildlife? A global assessment of parrot–agriculture conflicts and their conservation effects. Diversity and Distributions 2020, 27, 4 -17.

AMA Style

Jomar M. Barbosa, Fernando Hiraldo, Miguel Á. Romero, José L. Tella. When does agriculture enter into conflict with wildlife? A global assessment of parrot–agriculture conflicts and their conservation effects. Diversity and Distributions. 2020; 27 (1):4-17.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jomar M. Barbosa; Fernando Hiraldo; Miguel Á. Romero; José L. Tella. 2020. "When does agriculture enter into conflict with wildlife? A global assessment of parrot–agriculture conflicts and their conservation effects." Diversity and Distributions 27, no. 1: 4-17.

Preprint content
Published: 16 May 2020
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Animal populations have developed multiple strategies to deal with environmental change. Among them, the demographic buffering strategy consists on constraining the temporal variation of the vital rate(s) (e.g., survival, growth, reproduction) that most affect(s) the overall performance of the population. Given the increase in environmental stochasticity of the current global change scenario, identifying the thresholds beyond which populations are not able to remain viable -despite their potential buffering strategies- is of utmost importance. Tortoises are known to buffer the temporal variation in survival (i.e.this vital rate has the highest contribution to the population growth rateλ) at the expense of a high variability on reproductive rates (lowest contribution toλ). To identify the potential threshold in buffering ability, here we use field data collected across a decade on 15 locations ofTestudo graecaalong South-Eastern Spain. We analyse the effects of environmental variables (precipitation, temperature, and NDVI) on the probability of laying eggs and the number of eggs per clutch. Finally, we couple the demographic and environmental data to parametrise integral projection models (IPMs) to simulate the effects of different scenarios of drought recurrence on population growth rate. We find that droughts negatively affect the probability of laying eggs, but the overall effects on the population growth rates ofT. graecaunder the current drought frequencies (one per decade) are negligible. However, increasing the annual frequency of droughts decreases the buffering ability ofT. graecapopulations, with a threshold at three droughts per decade. Although some species may buffer current environmental regimes by carefully orchestrating how their vital rates vary through time, a demographic buffering strategy may alone not warrant population viability in extreme regimes. Our findings support the hypothesis that the buffering strategy indeed has a threshold of effectiveness. Our methodological approach also provides a useful pipeline for ecologists and managers to determine how effective the management of environmental drivers can be for demographically buffering populations, and which scenarios may not provide long-term species persistence.

ACS Style

Roberto C. Rodriguez-Caro; Pol Capdevila; Eva Gracia; Jomar M. Barbosa; Andres Gimenez; Rob Salguero-Gomez. The demographic buffering strategy has a threshold of effectiveness to increases in environmental stochasticity. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Roberto C. Rodriguez-Caro, Pol Capdevila, Eva Gracia, Jomar M. Barbosa, Andres Gimenez, Rob Salguero-Gomez. The demographic buffering strategy has a threshold of effectiveness to increases in environmental stochasticity. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Roberto C. Rodriguez-Caro; Pol Capdevila; Eva Gracia; Jomar M. Barbosa; Andres Gimenez; Rob Salguero-Gomez. 2020. "The demographic buffering strategy has a threshold of effectiveness to increases in environmental stochasticity." , no. : 1.

Research
Published: 08 May 2020 in Ecography
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The organization of ecological assemblages has important implications for ecosystem functioning, but little is known about how scavenger communities organize at the global scale. Here, we test four hypotheses on the factors affecting the network structure of terrestrial vertebrate scavenger assemblages and its implications on ecosystem functioning. We expect scavenger assemblages to be more nested (i.e. structured): 1) in species‐rich and productive regions, as nestedness has been linked to high competition for carrion resources, and 2) regions with low human impact, because the most efficient carrion consumers that promote nestedness are large vertebrate scavengers, which are especially sensitive to human persecution. 3) We also expect climatic conditions to affect assemblage structure, because some scavenger assemblages have been shown to be more nested in colder months. Finally, 4) we expect more organized assemblages to be more efficient in the consumption of the resource. We first analyzed the relationship between the nestedness of the scavenger assemblages and climatic variables (i.e. temperature, precipitation, temperature variability and precipitation variability), ecosystem productivity and biomass (i.e. NDVI) and degree of human impact (i.e. human footprint) using 53 study sites in 22 countries across five continents. Then, we related structure (i.e. nestedness) with its function (i.e. carrion consumption rate). We found a more nested structure for scavenger assemblages in regions with higher NDVI values and lower human footprint. Moreover, more organized assemblages were more efficient in the consumption of carrion. However, our results did not support the prediction that the structure of the scavenger assemblages is directly related to climate. Our findings suggest that the nested structure of vertebrate scavenger assemblages affects its functionality and is driven by anthropogenic disturbance and ecosystem productivity worldwide. Disarray of scavenger assemblage structure by anthropogenic disturbance may lead to decreases in functionality of the terrestrial ecosystems via loss of key species and trophic facilitation processes.

ACS Style

Esther Sebastián‐González; Zebensui Morales‐Reyes; Francisco Botella; Lara Naves Alegre; Juan Manuel Pérez-García; Patricia Mateo‐Tomás; Pedro P. Olea; Marcos Moleón; Jomar Magalhaes Barbosa; Fernando Hiraldo; Eneko Arrondo; José A. Donázar; Ainara Cortés‐Avizanda; Nuria Selva; Sergio A. Lambertucci; Aishwarya Bhattacharjee; Alexis L. Brewer; Erin F. Abernethy; Kelsey L. Turner; James C. Beasley; Travis L. DeVault; Hannah C. Gerke; Olin E. Rhodes Jr; Andrés Ordiz; Camilla Wikenros; Barbara Zimmermann; Petter Wabakken; Christopher C. Wilmers; Justine A. Smith; Corinne J. Kendall; Darcy Ogada; Ethan Frehner; Maximilian L. Allen; Heiko U. Wittmer; James R. A. Butler; Johan T du Toit; Antoni Margalida; Pilar Oliva‐Vidal; David Wilson; Klemen Jerina; Miha Krofel; Rich Kostecke; Richard Inger; Esra Per; Yunus Ayhan; Hasan Ulusoy; Doğanay Vural; Akino Inagaki; Shinsuke Koike; Arockianathan Samson; Paula L. Perrig; Emma Spencer; Thomas M. Newsome; Marco Heurich; José D. Anadón; Evan R. Buechley; José A. Sánchez‐Zapata. Network structure of vertebrate scavenger assemblages at the global scale: drivers and ecosystem functioning implications. Ecography 2020, 43, 1143 -1155.

AMA Style

Esther Sebastián‐González, Zebensui Morales‐Reyes, Francisco Botella, Lara Naves Alegre, Juan Manuel Pérez-García, Patricia Mateo‐Tomás, Pedro P. Olea, Marcos Moleón, Jomar Magalhaes Barbosa, Fernando Hiraldo, Eneko Arrondo, José A. Donázar, Ainara Cortés‐Avizanda, Nuria Selva, Sergio A. Lambertucci, Aishwarya Bhattacharjee, Alexis L. Brewer, Erin F. Abernethy, Kelsey L. Turner, James C. Beasley, Travis L. DeVault, Hannah C. Gerke, Olin E. Rhodes Jr, Andrés Ordiz, Camilla Wikenros, Barbara Zimmermann, Petter Wabakken, Christopher C. Wilmers, Justine A. Smith, Corinne J. Kendall, Darcy Ogada, Ethan Frehner, Maximilian L. Allen, Heiko U. Wittmer, James R. A. Butler, Johan T du Toit, Antoni Margalida, Pilar Oliva‐Vidal, David Wilson, Klemen Jerina, Miha Krofel, Rich Kostecke, Richard Inger, Esra Per, Yunus Ayhan, Hasan Ulusoy, Doğanay Vural, Akino Inagaki, Shinsuke Koike, Arockianathan Samson, Paula L. Perrig, Emma Spencer, Thomas M. Newsome, Marco Heurich, José D. Anadón, Evan R. Buechley, José A. Sánchez‐Zapata. Network structure of vertebrate scavenger assemblages at the global scale: drivers and ecosystem functioning implications. Ecography. 2020; 43 (8):1143-1155.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Esther Sebastián‐González; Zebensui Morales‐Reyes; Francisco Botella; Lara Naves Alegre; Juan Manuel Pérez-García; Patricia Mateo‐Tomás; Pedro P. Olea; Marcos Moleón; Jomar Magalhaes Barbosa; Fernando Hiraldo; Eneko Arrondo; José A. Donázar; Ainara Cortés‐Avizanda; Nuria Selva; Sergio A. Lambertucci; Aishwarya Bhattacharjee; Alexis L. Brewer; Erin F. Abernethy; Kelsey L. Turner; James C. Beasley; Travis L. DeVault; Hannah C. Gerke; Olin E. Rhodes Jr; Andrés Ordiz; Camilla Wikenros; Barbara Zimmermann; Petter Wabakken; Christopher C. Wilmers; Justine A. Smith; Corinne J. Kendall; Darcy Ogada; Ethan Frehner; Maximilian L. Allen; Heiko U. Wittmer; James R. A. Butler; Johan T du Toit; Antoni Margalida; Pilar Oliva‐Vidal; David Wilson; Klemen Jerina; Miha Krofel; Rich Kostecke; Richard Inger; Esra Per; Yunus Ayhan; Hasan Ulusoy; Doğanay Vural; Akino Inagaki; Shinsuke Koike; Arockianathan Samson; Paula L. Perrig; Emma Spencer; Thomas M. Newsome; Marco Heurich; José D. Anadón; Evan R. Buechley; José A. Sánchez‐Zapata. 2020. "Network structure of vertebrate scavenger assemblages at the global scale: drivers and ecosystem functioning implications." Ecography 43, no. 8: 1143-1155.

Article
Published: 16 October 2019 in Ecosystems
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In regions with a long-standing history of grazing pressure, vegetation has co-evolved with herbivores by developing intrinsic functional dynamics. Although this type of trophic interaction has been recognised as being important for shaping how vegetation responds to climate, better knowledge about how this process occurs on the landscape scale and over a long time range is necessary. Here, we evaluated the potential roles of herbivores in modulating the response of mountainous Mediterranean vegetation to seasonal and long-term climate oscillations. To understand the relations among climate, plants and animal population, we fitted a Bayesian model to a combination of long-term (1995–2014) climate datasets, satellite greenness maps (NASA Landsat NDVI) and exotic Barbary sheep census data (breeding success and abundance of Ammotragus lervia). We also used the intrinsic mode function and Hilbert spectrum transformations to decompose NDVI time series and to evaluate their periodic oscillations. We found remarkable dissimilarities as to how climate affects the temporal oscillation of vegetation greenness between landscapes both with and without ungulates, albeit their similarities under environmental conditions. Vegetation responses to climate are particularly attenuated in landscapes with ungulates, an effect that depends on ungulate population abundance. In a world where extreme climate events are becoming frequent and intense, our results indicate that ungulates can strongly modulate how grasslands and scrublands respond to climate change. Increasing our knowledge as to how this type of trophic interaction affects vegetation responses to climate variability is of much importance for managing ungulate rewilding strategies.

ACS Style

Jomar Magalhães Barbosa; Roberto Pascual-Rico; Sergio Eguia Martínez; José A. Sánchez-Zapata. Ungulates Attenuate the Response of Mediterranean Mountain Vegetation to Climate Oscillations. Ecosystems 2019, 23, 957 -972.

AMA Style

Jomar Magalhães Barbosa, Roberto Pascual-Rico, Sergio Eguia Martínez, José A. Sánchez-Zapata. Ungulates Attenuate the Response of Mediterranean Mountain Vegetation to Climate Oscillations. Ecosystems. 2019; 23 (5):957-972.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jomar Magalhães Barbosa; Roberto Pascual-Rico; Sergio Eguia Martínez; José A. Sánchez-Zapata. 2019. "Ungulates Attenuate the Response of Mediterranean Mountain Vegetation to Climate Oscillations." Ecosystems 23, no. 5: 957-972.

Primary research article
Published: 25 May 2019 in Global Change Biology
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Understanding the distribution of biodiversity across the Earth is one of the most challenging questions in biology. Much research has been directed at explaining the species latitudinal pattern showing that communities are richer in tropical areas; however, despite decades of research, a general consensus has not yet emerged. In addition, global biodiversity patterns are being rapidly altered by human activities. Here, we aim to describe large‐scale patterns of species richness and diversity in terrestrial vertebrate scavenger (carrion‐consuming) assemblages, which provide key ecosystem functions and services. We used a worldwide dataset comprising 43 sites, where vertebrate scavenger assemblages were identified using 2,485 carcasses monitored between 1991 and 2018. First, we evaluated how scavenger richness (number of species) and diversity (Shannon diversity index) varied among seasons (cold vs. warm, wet vs. dry). Then, we studied the potential effects of human impact and a set of macroecological variables related to climatic conditions on the scavenger assemblages. Vertebrate scavenger richness ranged from species‐poor to species rich assemblages (4–30 species). Both scavenger richness and diversity also showed some seasonal variation. However, in general, climatic variables did not drive latitudinal patterns, as scavenger richness and diversity were not affected by temperature or rainfall. Rainfall seasonality slightly increased the number of species in the community, but its effect was weak. Instead, the human impact index included in our study was the main predictor of scavenger richness. Scavenger assemblages in highly human‐impacted areas sustained the smallest number of scavenger species, suggesting human activity may be overriding other macroecological processes in shaping scavenger communities. Our results highlight the effect of human impact at a global scale. As species‐rich assemblages tend to be more functional, we warn about possible reductions in ecosystem functions and the services provided by scavengers in human‐dominated landscapes in the Anthropocene.

ACS Style

Esther Sebastián‐González; Jomar Magalhães Barbosa; Juan M. Pérez‐García; Zebensui Morales-Reyes; Francisco Botella; Pedro P Olea; Patricia Mateo‐Tomás; Marcos Moleón; Fernando Hiraldo; Eneko Arrondo; José Antonio Donázar; Ainara Cortés‐Avizanda; Nuria Selva; Sergio A. Lambertucci; Aishwarya Bhattacharjee; Alexis Brewer; José D. Anadón; Erin Abernethy; Olin E. Rhodes; Kelsey Turner; James C. Beasley; Travis L. DeVault; Andrés Ordiz; Camilla Wikenros; Barbara Zimmermann; Petter Wabakken; Christopher C. Wilmers; Justine A. Smith; Corinne J. Kendall; Darcy Ogada; Evan R. Buechley; Ethan Frehner; Maximilian L. Allen; Heiko U. Wittmer; James R. A. Butler; Johan T. du Toit; John Read; David Wilson; Klemen Jerina; Miha Krofel; Rich Kostecke; Richard Inger; Arockianathan Samson; Lara Naves‐Alegre; José A. Sánchez‐Zapata. Scavenging in the Anthropocene: Human impact drives vertebrate scavenger species richness at a global scale. Global Change Biology 2019, 25, 3005 -3017.

AMA Style

Esther Sebastián‐González, Jomar Magalhães Barbosa, Juan M. Pérez‐García, Zebensui Morales-Reyes, Francisco Botella, Pedro P Olea, Patricia Mateo‐Tomás, Marcos Moleón, Fernando Hiraldo, Eneko Arrondo, José Antonio Donázar, Ainara Cortés‐Avizanda, Nuria Selva, Sergio A. Lambertucci, Aishwarya Bhattacharjee, Alexis Brewer, José D. Anadón, Erin Abernethy, Olin E. Rhodes, Kelsey Turner, James C. Beasley, Travis L. DeVault, Andrés Ordiz, Camilla Wikenros, Barbara Zimmermann, Petter Wabakken, Christopher C. Wilmers, Justine A. Smith, Corinne J. Kendall, Darcy Ogada, Evan R. Buechley, Ethan Frehner, Maximilian L. Allen, Heiko U. Wittmer, James R. A. Butler, Johan T. du Toit, John Read, David Wilson, Klemen Jerina, Miha Krofel, Rich Kostecke, Richard Inger, Arockianathan Samson, Lara Naves‐Alegre, José A. Sánchez‐Zapata. Scavenging in the Anthropocene: Human impact drives vertebrate scavenger species richness at a global scale. Global Change Biology. 2019; 25 (9):3005-3017.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Esther Sebastián‐González; Jomar Magalhães Barbosa; Juan M. Pérez‐García; Zebensui Morales-Reyes; Francisco Botella; Pedro P Olea; Patricia Mateo‐Tomás; Marcos Moleón; Fernando Hiraldo; Eneko Arrondo; José Antonio Donázar; Ainara Cortés‐Avizanda; Nuria Selva; Sergio A. Lambertucci; Aishwarya Bhattacharjee; Alexis Brewer; José D. Anadón; Erin Abernethy; Olin E. Rhodes; Kelsey Turner; James C. Beasley; Travis L. DeVault; Andrés Ordiz; Camilla Wikenros; Barbara Zimmermann; Petter Wabakken; Christopher C. Wilmers; Justine A. Smith; Corinne J. Kendall; Darcy Ogada; Evan R. Buechley; Ethan Frehner; Maximilian L. Allen; Heiko U. Wittmer; James R. A. Butler; Johan T. du Toit; John Read; David Wilson; Klemen Jerina; Miha Krofel; Rich Kostecke; Richard Inger; Arockianathan Samson; Lara Naves‐Alegre; José A. Sánchez‐Zapata. 2019. "Scavenging in the Anthropocene: Human impact drives vertebrate scavenger species richness at a global scale." Global Change Biology 25, no. 9: 3005-3017.

Research article
Published: 14 February 2019 in Journal of Ecology
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Interactions between plants and their root‐associated fungi (RAF) may influence the relative abundance of tree species and determine forest community diversity. Such plant‐soil feedbacks in turn depend on the degree to which spatial distance and phylogenetic relatedness of host trees structure pathogen and mutualist communities, but research detailing these aspects of RAF communities is lacking. Here, we characterize plant‐RAF associations across a diverse plant community, focusing on the degree to which RAF communities are structured by spatial distance, host phylogenetic relatedness, and host abundance. We compare results for different functional groups, including both putative mutualists and pathogens, an aspect poorly examined hitherto. We collected roots at regular intervals along ten 50 m by 2 m transects, then used DNA barcoding to identify host plants, and characterize the associated fungal community. Variance partitioning was used to measure the relative contributions of host phylogenetic relatedness and spatial distance to explaining RAF community composition. A weighted linear regression was used to measure the correlation between host abundance and RAF diversity. Phylogenetic distance among hosts was a better predictor of RAF community composition than spatial distance, but this relationship was stronger for putative pathogens than for mutualists, suggesting that pathogens show stronger host preference than mutualists. Across all functional groups, RAF showed similar levels of spatial structure. Additionally, RAF communities of locally abundant plants were less diverse than RAF communities of rare plants. Synthesis: We found that RAF communities are structured by the phylogenetic relatedness of hosts and, to a lesser extent, by spatial distance, with pathogens showing stronger host preference than mutualists. Abundant hosts had less diverse RAF communities than rare hosts, which is notable because abundant plants tend to experience weaker negative plant‐soil feedback. Going forward, mechanisms underlying the host abundance‐RAF diversity relationship warrant further investigation. Additionally, the survey approach presented here could be paired with experiments linking RAF community composition to plant recruitment. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

ACS Style

John W. Schroeder; Jessica T. Martin; Diego F. Angulo; Itzel Arias‐Del Razo; Jomar M. Barbosa; Ramón Perea; Esther Sebastián‐González; Rodolfo Dirzo. Host plant phylogeny and abundance predict root‐associated fungal community composition and diversity of mutualists and pathogens. Journal of Ecology 2019, 107, 1557 -1566.

AMA Style

John W. Schroeder, Jessica T. Martin, Diego F. Angulo, Itzel Arias‐Del Razo, Jomar M. Barbosa, Ramón Perea, Esther Sebastián‐González, Rodolfo Dirzo. Host plant phylogeny and abundance predict root‐associated fungal community composition and diversity of mutualists and pathogens. Journal of Ecology. 2019; 107 (4):1557-1566.

Chicago/Turabian Style

John W. Schroeder; Jessica T. Martin; Diego F. Angulo; Itzel Arias‐Del Razo; Jomar M. Barbosa; Ramón Perea; Esther Sebastián‐González; Rodolfo Dirzo. 2019. "Host plant phylogeny and abundance predict root‐associated fungal community composition and diversity of mutualists and pathogens." Journal of Ecology 107, no. 4: 1557-1566.

Paper
Published: 07 May 2018 in Biotropica
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Interactions between plants and root‐associated fungi can affect the assembly, diversity, and relative abundances of tropical plant species. Host–symbiont compatibility and some degree of host specificity are prerequisites for these processes to occur, and these prerequisites may vary with host abundance. However, direct assessments of whether specificity of root‐associated fungi varies with host abundance are lacking. Here, in a diverse tropical forest in Los Tuxtlas, Mexico, we couple DNA metabarcoding with a sampling design that controls for host phylogeny, host age, and habitat variation, to characterize fungal communities associated with the roots of three confamilial pairs of host species that exhibit contrasting (high and low) relative abundances. We uncovered a functionally and phylogenetically diverse fungal community composed of 1,038 OTUs (operational taxonomic units with 97% genetic similarity), only 14 of which exhibited host specificity. Host species was a significant predictor of fungal community composition only for the subset of OTUs composed of putatively pathogenic fungi. We found no significant difference in the number of specialists associating with common versus rare trees, but we found that host abundance was negatively correlated with the diversity of root fungal communities. This latter result was significant for symbiotrophs (mostly arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi) and, to a lesser extent, for pathotrophs (mostly plant pathogens). Thus, root fungal communities differ between common and rare trees, which may impact the strength of conspecific negative density dependence. Further studies from other tropical sites and host lineages are warranted, given the role of root‐associated fungi in biodiversity maintenance.

ACS Style

John W. Schroeder; Jessica T. Martin; Diego F. Angulo; Jomar Magalhaes Barbosa; Ramón Perea; Itzel Arias-Del Razo; Esther Sebástian-González; Rodolfo Dirzo. Community composition and diversity of Neotropical root-associated fungi in common and rare trees. Biotropica 2018, 50, 694 -703.

AMA Style

John W. Schroeder, Jessica T. Martin, Diego F. Angulo, Jomar Magalhaes Barbosa, Ramón Perea, Itzel Arias-Del Razo, Esther Sebástian-González, Rodolfo Dirzo. Community composition and diversity of Neotropical root-associated fungi in common and rare trees. Biotropica. 2018; 50 (4):694-703.

Chicago/Turabian Style

John W. Schroeder; Jessica T. Martin; Diego F. Angulo; Jomar Magalhaes Barbosa; Ramón Perea; Itzel Arias-Del Razo; Esther Sebástian-González; Rodolfo Dirzo. 2018. "Community composition and diversity of Neotropical root-associated fungi in common and rare trees." Biotropica 50, no. 4: 694-703.

Original article
Published: 17 February 2018 in Journal of Ornithology
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The acoustic adaptation hypothesis (AAH) states that animals communicating acoustically adapt their vocalizations to the local conditions to optimize signal transmission. We tested select predictions of the AAH by studying the relationships between avian acoustics and forest structural parameters for a community of forest birds, including native and introduced species, on the Big Island of Hawai’i, USA. In areas of dense vegetation, where sound degrades more easily, we expect animal species to reduce the frequency at which they vocalize to reduce sound distortion. Because introduced species may have had limited time to adapt to the local habitat, we also hypothesize that their vocalizations will not change with differences in vegetation. Automated sound recorders were used to obtain information on the birds’ acoustic traits. Vegetation structural characteristics were calculated using a terrestrial light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensor, which provides highly detailed information on the structure of the vegetation, including woody and leaf density. Of the seven native species studied, only two followed the predictions of the AAH. Interestingly, these two species had the shortest vocalizations, i.e., these vocalizations have the highest chance of information loss. Likewise, for the two introduced species, we did not observe any significant correlation with LiDAR-based vegetation structure metrics. Our study indicates that the predictions of AAH only partially account for the observed acoustic patterns observed in the study system. Other factors affecting acoustic divergence may be more important than the vegetation structure for most of the studied forest birds. Überprüfung der Akustischen Adaptionshypothese an einheimischen und eingeführten Vogelarten in einem Wald auf Hawai’i Die Akustische Adaptionshypothese (engl.: Acoustic Adaptation Hypothesis, AAH) besagt, dass Tiere, die sich akustisch verständigen, ihre Lautäußerungen an die örtlichen Gegebenheiten anpassen, um die Signalübermittlung zu optimieren. Wir überprüften ausgewählte Vorhersagen der AAH, indem wir die Beziehungen zwischen dem Akustikverhalten der Vögel und Parametern der Waldstruktur an einer Waldvogelgemeinschaft aus einheimischen und eingeführten Arten auf Big Island (Hawai’i, USA) untersuchten. In Bereichen mit dichter Vegetation, in denen die Geräuschstärke rasch abnimmt, wäre zu erwarten, dass Tierarten die Frequenz ihrer Lautäußerungen reduzieren, um die Klangverzerrung zu verringern. Da den eingeführten Arten möglicherweise nur begrenzt Zeit zur Verfügung stand, sich an den örtlichen Lebensraum anzupassen, stellen wir außerdem die Hypothese auf, dass sich deren Lautäußerungen bei Vegetationsunterschieden nicht verändern. Mittels automatisierter Tonaufnahmegeräte sammelten wir Informationen über die akustischen Merkmale der Vögel. Die strukturellen Eigenschaften der Vegetation bestimmten wir unter Verwendung eines Lidar-Sensors...

ACS Style

Esther Sebastián-González; Jan Van Aardt; Kevin Sacca; Jomar Magalhães Barbosa; David Kelbe; Patrick J. Hart. Testing the acoustic adaptation hypothesis with native and introduced birds in Hawaiian forests. Journal of Ornithology 2018, 159, 827 -838.

AMA Style

Esther Sebastián-González, Jan Van Aardt, Kevin Sacca, Jomar Magalhães Barbosa, David Kelbe, Patrick J. Hart. Testing the acoustic adaptation hypothesis with native and introduced birds in Hawaiian forests. Journal of Ornithology. 2018; 159 (3):827-838.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Esther Sebastián-González; Jan Van Aardt; Kevin Sacca; Jomar Magalhães Barbosa; David Kelbe; Patrick J. Hart. 2018. "Testing the acoustic adaptation hypothesis with native and introduced birds in Hawaiian forests." Journal of Ornithology 159, no. 3: 827-838.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2018 in Forest Ecology and Management
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Francisco D'Albertas; Karine Costa; Isabella Romitelli; Jomar Magalhães Barbosa; Simone Aparecida Vieira; Jean Paul Metzger. Lack of evidence of edge age and additive edge effects on carbon stocks in a tropical forest. Forest Ecology and Management 2018, 407, 57 -65.

AMA Style

Francisco D'Albertas, Karine Costa, Isabella Romitelli, Jomar Magalhães Barbosa, Simone Aparecida Vieira, Jean Paul Metzger. Lack of evidence of edge age and additive edge effects on carbon stocks in a tropical forest. Forest Ecology and Management. 2018; 407 ():57-65.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francisco D'Albertas; Karine Costa; Isabella Romitelli; Jomar Magalhães Barbosa; Simone Aparecida Vieira; Jean Paul Metzger. 2018. "Lack of evidence of edge age and additive edge effects on carbon stocks in a tropical forest." Forest Ecology and Management 407, no. : 57-65.

Article
Published: 30 January 2017 in Ecological Applications
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Plant invasion typically occurs within a landscape-scale framework of abiotic and biotic conditions, often resulting in emergent feedbacks among environment, ecosystem functions, and the dominance of invasive species. Understanding the mechanisms underlying successful invasions is an important component of conservation and management efforts, but this has been poorly investigated in a spatially explicit manner. Knowing where and why invasion patterns change throughout the landscape enables managers to use context-specific controls on the spread of invasive species. Using high-resolution airborne imaging spectroscopy, we studied plant performance in growth within and across landscapes to examine the dominance and spatial distribution of an invasive tree, Psidium cattleianum (strawberry guava), in heterogeneous environmental conditions of a submontane Hawaiian tropical forest. We assessed invader performance using the GPP ratio index, which is the relative difference in remotely sensed estimates of gross primary productivity between canopies of guava and canopies of the invaded plant community. In addition, we used airborne LiDAR data to evaluate the impacts of guava invasion on the forest aboveground carbon density in different environments. Structural equation modeling revealed that substrate type and elevation above sea level interact and amplify landscape-scale differences in productivity between the invasive species and the host plant community (GPP ratio); differences that ultimately control levels of dominance of guava. We found shifts in patterns of forest carbon storage based on both gradual increase of invader dominance and changes in environmental conditions. Overall, our results demonstrate that the remotely sensed index defined as the GPP ratio provided an innovative spatially explicit approach to track and predict the success of invasive plants based in their canopy productivity, particularly within a landscape-scale framework of varying environmental factors such as soils and elevation. This approach may help managers accurately predict where invaders of forests, scrublands, or grasslands are likely to exhibit high levels of dominance before the environment is fully invaded.

ACS Style

Jomar M. Barbosa; Gregory P. Asner; R. Flint Hughes; M. Tracy Johnson. Landscape‐scale GPP and carbon density inform patterns and impacts of an invasive tree across wet forests of Hawaii. Ecological Applications 2017, 27, 403 -415.

AMA Style

Jomar M. Barbosa, Gregory P. Asner, R. Flint Hughes, M. Tracy Johnson. Landscape‐scale GPP and carbon density inform patterns and impacts of an invasive tree across wet forests of Hawaii. Ecological Applications. 2017; 27 (2):403-415.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jomar M. Barbosa; Gregory P. Asner; R. Flint Hughes; M. Tracy Johnson. 2017. "Landscape‐scale GPP and carbon density inform patterns and impacts of an invasive tree across wet forests of Hawaii." Ecological Applications 27, no. 2: 403-415.

Journal article
Published: 24 January 2017 in Journal of Applied Ecology
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This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

ACS Style

Jomar Magalhães Barbosa; Gregory P. Asner. Prioritizing landscapes for restoration based on spatial patterns of ecosystem controls and plant-plant interactions. Journal of Applied Ecology 2017, 54, 1459 -1468.

AMA Style

Jomar Magalhães Barbosa, Gregory P. Asner. Prioritizing landscapes for restoration based on spatial patterns of ecosystem controls and plant-plant interactions. Journal of Applied Ecology. 2017; 54 (5):1459-1468.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jomar Magalhães Barbosa; Gregory P. Asner. 2017. "Prioritizing landscapes for restoration based on spatial patterns of ecosystem controls and plant-plant interactions." Journal of Applied Ecology 54, no. 5: 1459-1468.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2016 in Forest Ecology and Management
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ACS Style

Leif A. Mortenson; R. Flint Hughes; James B. Friday; Lisa M. Keith; Jomar Magalhaes Barbosa; Nathanael J. Friday; Zhanfeng Liu; Travis G. Sowards. Assessing spatial distribution, stand impacts and rate of Ceratocystis fimbriata induced ‘ōhi‘a (Metrosideros polymorpha) mortality in a tropical wet forest, Hawai‘i Island, USA. Forest Ecology and Management 2016, 377, 83 -92.

AMA Style

Leif A. Mortenson, R. Flint Hughes, James B. Friday, Lisa M. Keith, Jomar Magalhaes Barbosa, Nathanael J. Friday, Zhanfeng Liu, Travis G. Sowards. Assessing spatial distribution, stand impacts and rate of Ceratocystis fimbriata induced ‘ōhi‘a (Metrosideros polymorpha) mortality in a tropical wet forest, Hawai‘i Island, USA. Forest Ecology and Management. 2016; 377 ():83-92.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Leif A. Mortenson; R. Flint Hughes; James B. Friday; Lisa M. Keith; Jomar Magalhaes Barbosa; Nathanael J. Friday; Zhanfeng Liu; Travis G. Sowards. 2016. "Assessing spatial distribution, stand impacts and rate of Ceratocystis fimbriata induced ‘ōhi‘a (Metrosideros polymorpha) mortality in a tropical wet forest, Hawai‘i Island, USA." Forest Ecology and Management 377, no. : 83-92.

Letter
Published: 01 September 2016 in Environmental Research Letters
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Climate change is altering the dynamics of terrestrial vegetation, with consequences for the functioning of Earth's biomes and the provisioning of ecosystem services. Changes in forest dynamics due to drought events or short-term drying trends have been described at different ecological scales, but few observational studies have determined the relative effects of short- and long-term precipitation trends (e.g. decade and century, respectively) on forest canopy structure and functioning. Using gridded annual precipitation maps from 1920 to 2012, and temporal data from airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and MODIS Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), we present evidence for a large-scale decline in forest canopy volume (area vs. height) and greenness (a metric of photosynthetic function) driven by a long-term drying trend on Hawaii island. Decreases in canopy greenness were observed in step with shorter-term (10 y) precipitation declines, but decreases in greenness were two-fold greater where longer-term (~100 y) precipitation declines had occurred. Canopy volume mainly reduced where long-term precipitation declines occurred. We conclude that long-term precipitation trends critically impact forest canopy structure and functioning, which likely has cascading consequences for numerous ecological processes such as subcanopy light availability, species interactions, carbon storage, and animal habitat.

ACS Style

Jomar M Barbosa; Gregory P Asner. Effects of long-term rainfall decline on the structure and functioning of Hawaiian forests. Environmental Research Letters 2016, 12, 094002 .

AMA Style

Jomar M Barbosa, Gregory P Asner. Effects of long-term rainfall decline on the structure and functioning of Hawaiian forests. Environmental Research Letters. 2016; 12 (9):094002.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jomar M Barbosa; Gregory P Asner. 2016. "Effects of long-term rainfall decline on the structure and functioning of Hawaiian forests." Environmental Research Letters 12, no. 9: 094002.

Journal article
Published: 05 January 2016 in Remote Sensing
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High-resolution airborne imaging spectroscopy represents a promising avenue for mapping the spread of invasive tree species through native forests, but for this technology to be useful to forest managers there are two main technical challenges that must be addressed: (1) mapping a single focal species amongst a diverse array of other tree species; and (2) detecting early outbreaks of invasive plant species that are often hidden beneath the forest canopy. To address these challenges, we investigated the performance of two single-class classification frameworks—Biased Support Vector Machine (BSVM) and Mixture Tuned Matched Filtering (MTMF)—to estimate the degree of Psidium cattleianum incidence over a range of forest vertical strata (relative canopy density). We demonstrate that both BSVM and MTMF have the ability to detect relative canopy density of a single focal plant species in a vertically stratified forest, but they differ in the degree of user input required. Our results suggest BSVM as a promising method to disentangle spectrally-mixed classifications, as this approach generates decision values from a similarity function (kernel), which optimizes complex comparisons between classes using a dynamic machine learning process.

ACS Style

Jomar M. Barbosa; Gregory P. Asner; Roberta E. Martin; Claire A. Baldeck; Flint Hughes; Tracy Johnson. Determining Subcanopy Psidium cattleianum Invasion in Hawaiian Forests Using Imaging Spectroscopy. Remote Sensing 2016, 8, 33 .

AMA Style

Jomar M. Barbosa, Gregory P. Asner, Roberta E. Martin, Claire A. Baldeck, Flint Hughes, Tracy Johnson. Determining Subcanopy Psidium cattleianum Invasion in Hawaiian Forests Using Imaging Spectroscopy. Remote Sensing. 2016; 8 (1):33.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jomar M. Barbosa; Gregory P. Asner; Roberta E. Martin; Claire A. Baldeck; Flint Hughes; Tracy Johnson. 2016. "Determining Subcanopy Psidium cattleianum Invasion in Hawaiian Forests Using Imaging Spectroscopy." Remote Sensing 8, no. 1: 33.

Article
Published: 01 January 2016 in Ecological Applications
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Species interactions are susceptible to anthropogenic changes in ecosystems, but this has been poorly investigated in a spatially explicit manner in the case of plant parasitism, such as the omnipresent hemiparasitic mistletoe-host plant interactions. Analyzing such interactions at a large spatial scale may advance our understanding of parasitism patterns over complex landscapes. Combining high-resolution airborne imaging spectroscopy and LiDAR, we studied hemiparasite incidence within and among tree host stands to examine the prevalence and spatial distribution of hemiparasite load in ecosystems. Specifically, we aimed to assess: (1) detection accuracy of mistletoes on their oak hosts; (2) hemiparasitism prevalence within host tree canopies depending on tree height, and (3) spatial variation in hemiparasitism across fragmented woodlands, in a low-diversity mediterranean oak woodland in California, USA. We identified mistletoe infestations with 55-96% accuracy, and detected significant differences in remote-sensed spectra between oak trees with and without mistletoe infestation. We also found that host canopy height had little influence on infestation degree, whereas landscape-level variation showed consistent; non-random patterns: isolated host trees had twice the infestation load than did trees located at the core of forest fragments. Overall, we found that canopy exposure (i.e., lower canopy density or proximity to forest edge) is more important than canopy height for mistletoe infestation, and that by changing landscape structure, parasitic prevalence increased with woodland fragmentation. We conclude that reducing fragmentation in oak woodlands will minimize anthropogenic impact on mistletoe infestation at the landscape level. We argue that advanced remote sensing technology can provide baselines to quantitatively analyze and monitor parasite-host trajectories in light of global environmental change, and that this is a promising approach to be further tested in other temperate and tropical forests.

ACS Style

Jomar M. Barbosa; Esther Sebástian-González; Gregory P. Asner; David E. Knapp; Christopher Anderson; Roberta E. Martin; Rodolfo Dirzo. Hemiparasite--host plant interactions in a fragmented landscape assessed via imaging spectroscopy and LiDAR. Ecological Applications 2016, 26, 55 -66.

AMA Style

Jomar M. Barbosa, Esther Sebástian-González, Gregory P. Asner, David E. Knapp, Christopher Anderson, Roberta E. Martin, Rodolfo Dirzo. Hemiparasite--host plant interactions in a fragmented landscape assessed via imaging spectroscopy and LiDAR. Ecological Applications. 2016; 26 (1):55-66.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jomar M. Barbosa; Esther Sebástian-González; Gregory P. Asner; David E. Knapp; Christopher Anderson; Roberta E. Martin; Rodolfo Dirzo. 2016. "Hemiparasite--host plant interactions in a fragmented landscape assessed via imaging spectroscopy and LiDAR." Ecological Applications 26, no. 1: 55-66.

Journal article
Published: 05 October 2015 in Ecology and Evolution
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The management of animal endangered species requires detailed information on their distribution and abundance, which is often hard to obtain. When animals communicate using sounds, one option is to use automatic sound recorders to gather information on the species for long periods of time with low effort. One drawback of this method is that processing all the information manually requires large amounts of time and effort. Our objective was to create a relatively “user-friendly” (i.e., that does not require big programming skills) automatic detection algorithm to improve our ability to get basic data from sound-emitting animal species. We illustrate our algorithm by showing two possible applications with the Hawai'i ‘Amakihi, Hemignathus virens virens, a forest bird from the island of Hawai'i. We first characterized the ‘Amakihi song using recordings from areas where the species is present in high densities. We used this information to train a classification algorithm, the support vector machine (SVM), in order to identify ‘Amakihi songs from a series of potential songs. We then used our algorithm to detect the species in areas where its presence had not been previously confirmed. We also used the algorithm to compare the relative abundance of the species in different areas where management actions may be applied. The SVM had an accuracy of 86.5% in identifying ‘Amakihi. We confirmed the presence of the ‘Amakihi at the study area using the algorithm. We also found that the relative abundance of ‘Amakihi changes among study areas, and this information can be used to assess where management strategies for the species should be better implemented. Our automatic song detection algorithm is effective, “user-friendly” and can be very useful for optimizing the management and conservation of those endangered animal species that communicate acoustically.

ACS Style

Esther Sebastián-González; Joshua Pang‐Ching; Jomar M. Barbosa; Patrick Hart. Bioacoustics for species management: two case studies with a Hawaiian forest bird. Ecology and Evolution 2015, 5, 4696 -4705.

AMA Style

Esther Sebastián-González, Joshua Pang‐Ching, Jomar M. Barbosa, Patrick Hart. Bioacoustics for species management: two case studies with a Hawaiian forest bird. Ecology and Evolution. 2015; 5 (20):4696-4705.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Esther Sebastián-González; Joshua Pang‐Ching; Jomar M. Barbosa; Patrick Hart. 2015. "Bioacoustics for species management: two case studies with a Hawaiian forest bird." Ecology and Evolution 5, no. 20: 4696-4705.

Review
Published: 23 March 2014 in International Journal of Forestry Research
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Tropical landscapes are, in general, a mosaic of pasture, agriculture, and forest undergoing various stages of succession. Forest succession is comprised of continuous structural changes over time and results in increases in aboveground biomass (AGB). New remote sensing methods, including sensors, image processing, statistical methods, and uncertainty evaluations, are constantly being developed to estimate biophysical forest changes. We review 318 peer-reviewed studies related to the use of remotely sensed AGB estimations in tropical forest succession studies and summarize their geographic distribution, sensors and methods used, and their most frequent ecological inferences. Remotely sensed AGB is broadly used in forest management studies, conservation status evaluations, carbon source and sink investigations, and for studies of the relationships between environmental conditions and forest structure. Uncertainties in AGB estimations were found to be heterogeneous with biases related to sensor type, processing methodology, ground truthing availability, and forest characteristics. Remotely sensed AGB of successional forests is more reliable for the study of spatial patterns of forest succession and over large time scales than that of individual stands. Remote sensing of temporal patterns in biomass requires further study, in particular, as it is critical for understanding forest regrowth at scales useful for regional or global analyses.

ACS Style

Jomar Magalhães Barbosa; E. N. Broadbent; M. D. Bitencourt. Remote Sensing of Aboveground Biomass in Tropical Secondary Forests: A Review. International Journal of Forestry Research 2014, 2014, 1 -14.

AMA Style

Jomar Magalhães Barbosa, E. N. Broadbent, M. D. Bitencourt. Remote Sensing of Aboveground Biomass in Tropical Secondary Forests: A Review. International Journal of Forestry Research. 2014; 2014 ():1-14.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jomar Magalhães Barbosa; E. N. Broadbent; M. D. Bitencourt. 2014. "Remote Sensing of Aboveground Biomass in Tropical Secondary Forests: A Review." International Journal of Forestry Research 2014, no. : 1-14.