Congenital defects of the lens are rare in the cat. In this report, two unrelated Siamese kittens, a four-month-old male and a six-month-old female, with microphakia are presented. Abnormally small lenses were associated with elongation and rupture of the ciliary processes, leading to lens subluxations and subsequent anterior luxations. To the authors' knowledge, this condition has been reported only once previously.

Background: Heart failure (HF) is one of the mayor contributors to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have demonstrated to reduce the risk of hospitalization for HF in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). We aimed to assess the risk for re-hospitalization in a cohort of patients hospitalized for HF according to whether or not they received canagliflozin at discharge, as well as changes in N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-ProBNP) concentration during follow-up. Methods: We conducted a retrospective longitudinal study at a tertiary centre including 102 consecutive T2D patients discharged for acute HF without contraindication for SGLT2 inhibitors. We compared adverse clinical events (HF rehospitalization and cardiovascular death) and NT-ProBNP changes according to canagliflozin prescription at discharge. Results: Among the 102 patients included, 45 patients (44.1%) were prescribed canagliflozin and the remaining 57 (55.9%) were not prescribed any SGLT2 inhibitors (control group). After a median follow-up of 22 months, 45 patients (44.1%) were hospitalized for HF. Most of the rehospitalizations occurred during the first year (37.3%). HF readmission at first year occurred in 10 patients (22.2%) in the canagliflozin group and 29 patients (49.1%) in the control group (hazard ratio (HR): 0.45; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.21–0.96; p < 0.039). A composite outcome of hospitalization for HF or death from cardiovascular causes was lower in the canagliflozin group (37.8%) than in the control group (70.2%) (HR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.27–0.95; p < 0.035). Analysis of NT-ProBNP concentration showed an interaction between canagliflozin therapy and follow-up time (p = 0.002). Conclusions: Canagliflozin therapy at discharge was associated with a lower risk of readmission for HF and a reduction in NT-ProBNP concentration in patients with diabetes after hospitalization for HF.

BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) is one of the mayor contributors to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have demonstrated to reduce the risk of hospitalization for HF in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We aimed to compare the incidence of readmission in patients who received canagliflozin at discharge after hospitalization of acute HF and changes in N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-ProBNP) concentration during follow-up. METHODS: We retrospectively included 102 consecutive patients with diabetes discharged for acute heart failure and without contraindications for SGLT2 inhibitors. We divided them in two groups: 45 patients with canagliflozin at discharge therapy and 57 without any SGLT2 inhibitors.RESULTS: Over a median follow-up of 22 months, 45 (44.1%) were hospitalized for HF. Most of the patients who were readmitted due to heart failure occurred during the first year (37.3%). HF readmission at first year occurred in 10 patients (22.2%) in canagliflozin group and 29 patients (49.1%) in control group (HR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.21–0.96; p < 0.039) after multivariate adjustment. A composite outcome of hospitalization for HF or death for cardiovascular causes was lower in canagliflozin group (37.8%) than in the control group (70.2%) (HR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.27–0.95; p < 0.035). Analysis of NT-ProBNP concentration showed an interaction between canagliflozin therapy and follow-up time (p=0.002).CONCLUSIONS: Canagliflozin therapy at discharge was associated with lower risk of readmission for HF and a reduction of NT-ProBNP concentration in patients with diabetes after hospitalization for HF.