Photovoltaic systems can strengthen the energy matrix aiming at energy sustainability, however, their intermittence, the availability time frame and seasonality effects are complicating aspects for the operation of these systems. To mitigate such problems, a possible measure is the operation of hybrid systems (HS) associated with storage systems to meet the energy demand. This study presents real operational scenarios for the management of a hybrid mini-grid installed in the Amazon region in Brazil, capable of managing energy supply and demand, changing the generation curve, reducing fossil fuel consumption and energy costs, in addition to providing flexibility and operational safety to the electrical operating under on-grid or off-grid conditions. Through technical and economic analyses, the objective of this study is to show that hybrid systems can be implemented in small and medium consumers, in addition to generating a new market option for utilities. This research evaluates the operation of HS concurrently with the electrical grid and the results show that the system meets the technical requirements, in addition to bringing financial and ecological benefits. This information can support the decisions of consumers, utilities and energy operators for the development of the national market for on-grid and off-grid HS.

Energy losses are a fundamental issue in the electricity distribution sector, being an inevitable consequence of transporting energy from supplying sources to consumers’ installations and are becoming one of the factors to be considered in planning and operation of electrical distribution networks. So, electrical distribution losses must be continuously monitored so that they are kept within acceptable levels to ensure the business profitability as well as the good power quality of supplied energy. In this context, this work introduces a modified methodology for technical losses calculation with the application of the concept of reduced equivalent networks, via definition of an Equivalent Operational Impedance, taking as a starting point the electrical network modeling in the Open Distribution System Simulator (OpenDSS). The losses calculation also considers customer’s energy billing measurement data, measurements of injected energy and power factor at the feeder’s coupling bus at the substation, also considering measurement campaigns to characterize the load consumption profiles for working days, Saturdays and Sundays. The proposed methodology disaggregates energy injections in billed energy, technical and non-technical losses parcels, and presents, as the results have demonstrated, a good precision in the proposed calculation procedures.

The increasing penetration of distributed photovoltaic generation is changing voltage behavior in distribution feeders and creating operational challenges related to voltage violations, losses, curtailment, and hosting capacity. This paper proposes a topology-aware analytical and computational framework for assessing voltage regulation and continuous photovoltaic hosting capacity in distribution feeders with smart-inverter controls. The framework combines topology-dependent voltage sensitivities, balanced steady-state power-flow simulations, explicit inverter apparent-power constraints, and gain indices that quantify the contributions of feeder topology, inverter controls, and their interaction. The IEEE 33-bus and IEEE 69-bus feeders are evaluated under radial and meshed configurations, heavy- and light-load conditions, and four photovoltaic operation modes: no control, Volt–Var, Volt–Watt, and combined Volt–Var/Volt–Watt control. A discrete sweep from 20% to 150% PV penetration is used to characterize voltage, active and reactive losses, and curtailment trends. Hosting-capacity boundaries are subsequently determined through an interval-aware procedure consisting of a one-percentage-point scan followed by bisection refinement to 0.1 percentage point, without assuming a globally monotonic feasibility transition. The results show that the feeder topology strongly affects voltage sensitivity and photovoltaic hosting capacity. The meshed operation generally increases voltage margins, while the interval-aware assessment identifies nonzero feasible penetration ranges, even when the zero-PV operating point is constrained by undervoltage. Volt–Watt achieves the largest hosting-capacity gains at the expense of curtailment, whereas Volt–Var preserves photovoltaic injection but may increase feeder losses. Therefore, hosting capacity should be interpreted jointly with topology, inverter controls, injected power, curtailment, and losses.

A popularização da aquisição de veículos elétricos amplificou-se consideravelmente nos últimos anos, acarretando uma maior necessidade de planejamento do setor elétrico. Desse modo, este artigo visa desenvolver uma metodologia para a análise dos impactos da recarga não controlada de veículos elétricos em redes de baixa tensão, por meio de simulações no software OpenDSS, desenvolvidas com base no método de Monte Carlo, em uma rede de distribuição do município de Belém/PA. Os resultados ressaltam que a inserção massiva não controlada de VE’s na rede de distribuição de baixa tensão pode ocasionar subtensão nas barras e sobrecarga de transformadores, sendo a metodologia apresentada neste artigo capaz de auxiliar na previsão do local em que os problemas ocorrerão.

Distributed generation (DG) is reshaping distribution networks through bidirectional power flows, operational variability, and dependence on coordinated regulation, pricing, and control. This paper examines how regulatory architecture, grid-code requirements, tariff design, and Distributed Energy Resource Management Systems (DERMS) influence DG integration, emphasizing Honduras. A structured mixed-source review is applied, combining Scopus-based bibliometric analysis of 2438 records (2000–2026) with targeted synthesis of technical, regulatory, tariff-related, and institutional sources. The bibliometric results show sustained growth and a thematic shift from conventional voltage-control studies toward active distribution networks, DER coordination, storage, demand response, tariff reform, and digital energy management. The analytical synthesis shows that effective DG integration requires more than interconnection compliance: it depends on grid-support functions, cost-reflective and equitable tariffs, and operational tools capable of managing voltage deviations, reverse power flow, congestion, protection coordination, and limited visibility. DERMS is an enabling layer for voltage control, active and reactive power management, congestion mitigation, adaptive protection, and predictive operation. For Honduras, current regulatory progress should be complemented by phased modernization focused on observability, smart metering, data infrastructure, local flexibility, and progressive DERMS deployment. The study provides an integrated framework for aligning regulatory, economic, and operational dimensions of DG integration in emerging distribution systems.