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Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides selected by SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential Enrichment) able to discriminate target molecules with high affinity and specificity, even in the case of very closely related structures. Aptamers have been produced for several targets including small molecules like mycotoxins; however, the high affinity for their respective target molecules is a critical requirement. In the last decade, the screening through computational methods of aptamers for their affinity against specific targets has greatly increased and is becoming a commonly used procedure due to its convenience and low costs. This paper describes an in-silico approach for rapid screening of ten ssDNA aptamer sequences against fumonisin B1 (FB1, n = 3), aflatoxin B1 (AFB1, n = 2) and ochratoxin A (OTA, n = 5). Theoretical results were compared with those obtained by testing the same aptamers by fluorescent microscale thermophoresis and by magnetic beads assay for their binding affinity (KD) revealing a good agreement.
Fulvio Ciriaco; Vincenzo De Leo; Lucia Catucci; Michelangelo Pascale; Antonio F. Logrieco; Maria C. DeRosa; Annalisa De Girolamo. An In-Silico Pipeline for Rapid Screening of DNA Aptamers against Mycotoxins: The Case-Study of Fumonisin B1, Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A. Polymers 2020, 12, 2983 .
AMA StyleFulvio Ciriaco, Vincenzo De Leo, Lucia Catucci, Michelangelo Pascale, Antonio F. Logrieco, Maria C. DeRosa, Annalisa De Girolamo. An In-Silico Pipeline for Rapid Screening of DNA Aptamers against Mycotoxins: The Case-Study of Fumonisin B1, Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A. Polymers. 2020; 12 (12):2983.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFulvio Ciriaco; Vincenzo De Leo; Lucia Catucci; Michelangelo Pascale; Antonio F. Logrieco; Maria C. DeRosa; Annalisa De Girolamo. 2020. "An In-Silico Pipeline for Rapid Screening of DNA Aptamers against Mycotoxins: The Case-Study of Fumonisin B1, Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A." Polymers 12, no. 12: 2983.
An analytical method for the simultaneous determination of trichothecenes—namely, nivalenol (NIV), deoxynivalenol (DON) and its acetylated derivatives (3- and 15-acetyl-DON), T-2 and HT-2 toxins—and zearalenone (ZEN) in wheat, wheat flour, and wheat crackers was validated through a collaborative study involving 15 participants from 10 countries. The validation study, performed within the M/520 standardization mandate of the European Commission, was carried out according to the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) International Harmonized Protocol. The method was based on mycotoxin extraction from the homogenized sample material with a mixture of acetonitrile-water followed by purification and concentration on a solid phase extraction column. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry was used for mycotoxin detection, using isotopically labelled mycotoxins as internal standards. The tested contamination ranges were from 27.7 to 378 μg/kg for NIV, from 234 to 2420 μg/kg for DON, from 18.5 to 137 μg/kg for 3-acetyl-DON, from 11.4 to 142 μg/kg for 15-acetyl-DON, from 2.1 to 37.6 μg/kg for T-2 toxin, from 6.6 to 134 μg/kg for HT-2 toxin, and from 31.6 to 230 μg/kg for ZEN. Recoveries were in the range 71–97% with the lowest values for NIV, the most polar mycotoxin. The relative standard deviation for repeatability (RSDr) was in the range of 2.2–34%, while the relative standard deviation for reproducibility (RSDR) was between 6.4% and 45%. The HorRat values ranged from 0.4 to 2.0. The results of the collaborative study showed that the candidate method is fit for the purpose of enforcing the legislative limits of the major Fusarium toxins in wheat and wheat-based products.
Annalisa De Girolamo; Biancamaria Ciasca; Michelangelo Pascale; Veronica M.T. Lattanzio. Determination of Zearalenone and Trichothecenes, Including Deoxynivalenol and Its Acetylated Derivatives, Nivalenol, T-2 and HT-2 Toxins, in Wheat and Wheat Products by LC-MS/MS: A Collaborative Study. Toxins 2020, 12, 786 .
AMA StyleAnnalisa De Girolamo, Biancamaria Ciasca, Michelangelo Pascale, Veronica M.T. Lattanzio. Determination of Zearalenone and Trichothecenes, Including Deoxynivalenol and Its Acetylated Derivatives, Nivalenol, T-2 and HT-2 Toxins, in Wheat and Wheat Products by LC-MS/MS: A Collaborative Study. Toxins. 2020; 12 (12):786.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnnalisa De Girolamo; Biancamaria Ciasca; Michelangelo Pascale; Veronica M.T. Lattanzio. 2020. "Determination of Zearalenone and Trichothecenes, Including Deoxynivalenol and Its Acetylated Derivatives, Nivalenol, T-2 and HT-2 Toxins, in Wheat and Wheat Products by LC-MS/MS: A Collaborative Study." Toxins 12, no. 12: 786.
Italy is the country with the largest durum wheat pasta production and consumption. The mandatory labelling for pasta indicating the country of origin of wheat has made consumers more aware about the consumed pasta products and is influencing their choice towards 100% Italian wheat pasta. This aspect highlights the need to promote the use of domestic wheat as well as to develop rapid methodologies for the authentication of pasta. A rapid, inexpensive, and easy-to-use method based on infrared spectroscopy was developed and validated for authenticating pasta made with 100% Italian durum wheat. The study was conducted on pasta marketed in Italy and made with durum wheat cultivated in Italy (n = 176 samples) and on pasta made with mixtures of wheat cultivated in Italy and/or abroad (n = 185 samples). Pasta samples were analyzed by Fourier transform-near infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy coupled with supervised classification models. The good performance results of the validation set (sensitivity of 95%, specificity and accuracy of 94%) obtained using principal component-linear discriminant analysis (PC-LDA) clearly demonstrated the high prediction capability of this method and its suitability for authenticating 100% Italian durum wheat pasta. This output is of great interest for both producers of Italian pasta pointing toward authentication purposes of their products and consumer associations aimed to preserve and promote the typicity of Italian products.
Annalisa De Girolamo; Salvatore Cervellieri; Erminia Mancini; Michelangelo Pascale; Antonio Francesco Logrieco; Vincenzo Lippolis. Rapid Authentication of 100% Italian Durum Wheat Pasta by FT-NIR Spectroscopy Combined with Chemometric Tools. Foods 2020, 9, 1551 .
AMA StyleAnnalisa De Girolamo, Salvatore Cervellieri, Erminia Mancini, Michelangelo Pascale, Antonio Francesco Logrieco, Vincenzo Lippolis. Rapid Authentication of 100% Italian Durum Wheat Pasta by FT-NIR Spectroscopy Combined with Chemometric Tools. Foods. 2020; 9 (11):1551.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnnalisa De Girolamo; Salvatore Cervellieri; Erminia Mancini; Michelangelo Pascale; Antonio Francesco Logrieco; Vincenzo Lippolis. 2020. "Rapid Authentication of 100% Italian Durum Wheat Pasta by FT-NIR Spectroscopy Combined with Chemometric Tools." Foods 9, no. 11: 1551.
The demand for the development of fast, easy-to-use and low-cost analytical methods for food adulteration analysis has being increasing in the last years. Although infrared spectroscopic techniques offer these advantages, the validation of screening methods requiring the application of multivariate data treatment is less frequently described in literature thus limiting their use as routine tools in control laboratories for food fraud monitoring. In this paper, an EU-validation procedure for screening methods was successfully applied to a multivariate FT-NIR spectroscopic method for the screening of durum wheat pasta samples adulterated with common wheat at the screening target concentration of 3%. Good results in terms of the cut-off value (2.32% mass fraction of soft wheat) and false suspect rates (0.1% for blanks; 13% at 1% mass fraction) demonstrated that the present validation approach would be a proof-of-strategy to be used for multivariate infrared screening methods intended for the detection of pasta adulteration.
Annalisa De Girolamo; Marcia Carolina Arroyo; Vincenzo Lippolis; Salvatore Cervellieri; Marina Cortese; Michelangelo Pascale; Antonio Francesco Logrieco; Christoph von Holst. A simple design for the validation of a FT-NIR screening method: Application to the detection of durum wheat pasta adulteration. Food Chemistry 2020, 333, 127449 .
AMA StyleAnnalisa De Girolamo, Marcia Carolina Arroyo, Vincenzo Lippolis, Salvatore Cervellieri, Marina Cortese, Michelangelo Pascale, Antonio Francesco Logrieco, Christoph von Holst. A simple design for the validation of a FT-NIR screening method: Application to the detection of durum wheat pasta adulteration. Food Chemistry. 2020; 333 ():127449.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnnalisa De Girolamo; Marcia Carolina Arroyo; Vincenzo Lippolis; Salvatore Cervellieri; Marina Cortese; Michelangelo Pascale; Antonio Francesco Logrieco; Christoph von Holst. 2020. "A simple design for the validation of a FT-NIR screening method: Application to the detection of durum wheat pasta adulteration." Food Chemistry 333, no. : 127449.
Different batches of biomass/feed quality maize contaminated by aflatoxins were processed at the industrial scale (a continuous process and separate discontinuous steps) to evaluate the effect of different cleaning solutions on toxin reduction. The investigated cleaning solutions included: (i) mechanical size separation of coarse, small and broken kernels, (ii) removal of dust/fine particles through an aspiration channel, (iii) separation of kernels based on gravity and (iv) optical sorting of spatial and spectral kernel defects. Depending on the sampled fraction, dynamic or static sampling was performed according to the Commission Regulation No. 401/2006 along the entire cleaning process lines. Aflatoxin analyses of the water–slurry aggregate samples were performed according to the AOAC Official Method No. 2005.008 based on high-performance liquid chromatography and immunoaffinity column cleanup of the extracts. A significant reduction in aflatoxin content in the cleaned products, ranging from 65% to 84% with respect to the uncleaned products, was observed when continuous cleaning lines were used. Additionally, an overall aflatoxin reduction from 55% to 94% was obtained by combining results from separate cleaning steps. High levels of aflatoxins (up to 490 µg/kg) were found in the rejected fractions, with the highest levels in dust and in the rejected fractions from the aspirator and optical sorting. This study shows that a cleaning line combining both mechanical and optical sorting technologies provides an efficient solution for reducing aflatoxin contamination in maize.
Michelangelo Pascale; Antonio F. Logrieco; Matthias Graeber; Marina Hirschberger; Mareike Reichel; Vincenzo Lippolis; Annalisa De Girolamo; Veronica M.T. Lattanzio; Katarina Slettengren. Aflatoxin Reduction in Maize by Industrial-Scale Cleaning Solutions. Toxins 2020, 12, 331 .
AMA StyleMichelangelo Pascale, Antonio F. Logrieco, Matthias Graeber, Marina Hirschberger, Mareike Reichel, Vincenzo Lippolis, Annalisa De Girolamo, Veronica M.T. Lattanzio, Katarina Slettengren. Aflatoxin Reduction in Maize by Industrial-Scale Cleaning Solutions. Toxins. 2020; 12 (5):331.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMichelangelo Pascale; Antonio F. Logrieco; Matthias Graeber; Marina Hirschberger; Mareike Reichel; Vincenzo Lippolis; Annalisa De Girolamo; Veronica M.T. Lattanzio; Katarina Slettengren. 2020. "Aflatoxin Reduction in Maize by Industrial-Scale Cleaning Solutions." Toxins 12, no. 5: 331.
Fourier transform (FT) infrared spectroscopy, in combination with Partial-Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), was used to discriminate commercial durum wheat pasta from Italy and Argentina for common wheat adulteration. Samples were analyzed by both near- and mid-infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIR, FT-MIR) and the performance results were compared. Classification models were developed and validated using Argentinean and Italian durum wheat pasta samples containing common wheat at levels up to 28% and lower than 0.5%, respectively (as determined by ELISA method). The first LDA and PLS-DA models grouped samples into three-classes, i.e. common wheat ≤1%, from 1 to ≤5% and >5%; while the second LDA and PLS-DA models grouped samples into two-classes using a cut-off of 2% common wheat. The accuracy of the validated models were between 80 and 95% for the three-classes approach and between 91 and 97% for the two-classes approach. In general, the three-classes approach provided better results in the FT-NIR range while the two-classes approach provided comparable results in both spectral ranges. Results indicate that FT-NIR and FT-MIR spectroscopy, in combination with chemometric models, represent a promising, inexpensive and easy-to-use screening tool to rapidly analyze durum wheat pasta samples for monitoring common wheat adulteration.
Annalisa De Girolamo; Marcia Carolina Arroyo; Salvatore Cervellieri; Marina Cortese; Michelangelo Pascale; Antonio Francesco Logrieco; Vincenzo Lippolis. Detection of durum wheat pasta adulteration with common wheat by infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics: A case study. LWT 2020, 127, 109368 .
AMA StyleAnnalisa De Girolamo, Marcia Carolina Arroyo, Salvatore Cervellieri, Marina Cortese, Michelangelo Pascale, Antonio Francesco Logrieco, Vincenzo Lippolis. Detection of durum wheat pasta adulteration with common wheat by infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics: A case study. LWT. 2020; 127 ():109368.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnnalisa De Girolamo; Marcia Carolina Arroyo; Salvatore Cervellieri; Marina Cortese; Michelangelo Pascale; Antonio Francesco Logrieco; Vincenzo Lippolis. 2020. "Detection of durum wheat pasta adulteration with common wheat by infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics: A case study." LWT 127, no. : 109368.
Fourier transform near infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy, in combination with principal component-linear discriminant analysis (PC-LDA), was used for tracing the geographical origin of durum wheat samples. The classification model PC-LDA was applied to discriminate durum wheat samples originating from Northern, Central, and Southern Italy (n = 181), and to differentiate Italian durum wheat samples from those cultivated in other countries across the world (n = 134). Developed models were validated on a separated set of wheat samples. Different pre-treatments of spectral data and different spectral regions were selected and compared in terms of overall discrimination (OD) rates obtained in validation. The LDA models were able to correctly discriminate durum Italian wheat samples according to their geographical origin (i.e., North, Central, and South) with OD rates of up of 96.7%. Better results were obtained when LDA models were applied to the discrimination of Italian durum wheat samples from those originating from other countries across the world, having OD rates of up to 100%. The excellent results obtained herein clearly indicate the potential of FT-NIR spectroscopy to be used for the discrimination of durum wheat samples according to their geographical origin.
Annalisa De Girolamo; Marina Cortese; Salvatore Cervellieri; Vincenzo Lippolis; Michelangelo Pascale; Antonio Francesco Logrieco; Michele Suman. Tracing the Geographical Origin of Durum Wheat by FT-NIR Spectroscopy. Foods 2019, 8, 450 .
AMA StyleAnnalisa De Girolamo, Marina Cortese, Salvatore Cervellieri, Vincenzo Lippolis, Michelangelo Pascale, Antonio Francesco Logrieco, Michele Suman. Tracing the Geographical Origin of Durum Wheat by FT-NIR Spectroscopy. Foods. 2019; 8 (10):450.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnnalisa De Girolamo; Marina Cortese; Salvatore Cervellieri; Vincenzo Lippolis; Michelangelo Pascale; Antonio Francesco Logrieco; Michele Suman. 2019. "Tracing the Geographical Origin of Durum Wheat by FT-NIR Spectroscopy." Foods 8, no. 10: 450.
T-2 and HT-2 toxins and their main modified forms (T-2 glucoside and HT-2 glucoside) may co-occur in cereals and cereal-based products. A fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) was developed for the simultaneous determination of T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin and relevant glucosides, expressed as sum. The developed FPIA, using a HT-2-specific antibody, showed high sensitivity (IC50 = 2.0 ng/mL) and high cross-reactivity (100% for T-2 toxin and 80% for T-2 and HT-2 glucosides). The FPIA has been used to develop two rapid and easy-to-use methods using two different extraction protocols, based on the use of organic (methanol/water, 90:10, v/v) and non-organic (water) solvents, for the determination of these toxins in wheat. The two proposed methods showed analytical performances in terms of sensitivity (LOD 10 µg/kg) recovery (92-97%) and precision (relative standard deviations ≤13%), fulfilling the criteria for acceptability of an analytical method for the quantitative determination of T-2 and HT-2 toxins established by the European Union. Furthermore, the methods were then validated in accordance with the harmonized guidelines for the validation of screening methods included in the Regulation (EU) No. 519/2014. The satisfactory analytical performances, in terms of intermediate precision (≤25%), cut-off level (80 and 96 µg/kg for the two methods) and rate of false positives (<0.1%) confirmed the applicability of the proposed methods as screening method for assessing the content of these toxins in wheat at the EU indicative levels reported for T-2 and HT-2 toxins.
Vincenzo Lippolis; Anna C. R. Porricelli; Erminia Mancini; Biancamaria Ciasca; Veronica M. T. Lattanzio; Annalisa De Girolamo; Chris M. Maragos; Susan McCormick; Peiwu Li; Antonio F. Logrieco; Michelangelo Pascale. Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay for the Determination of T-2 and HT-2 Toxins and Their Glucosides in Wheat. Toxins 2019, 11, 380 .
AMA StyleVincenzo Lippolis, Anna C. R. Porricelli, Erminia Mancini, Biancamaria Ciasca, Veronica M. T. Lattanzio, Annalisa De Girolamo, Chris M. Maragos, Susan McCormick, Peiwu Li, Antonio F. Logrieco, Michelangelo Pascale. Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay for the Determination of T-2 and HT-2 Toxins and Their Glucosides in Wheat. Toxins. 2019; 11 (7):380.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVincenzo Lippolis; Anna C. R. Porricelli; Erminia Mancini; Biancamaria Ciasca; Veronica M. T. Lattanzio; Annalisa De Girolamo; Chris M. Maragos; Susan McCormick; Peiwu Li; Antonio F. Logrieco; Michelangelo Pascale. 2019. "Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay for the Determination of T-2 and HT-2 Toxins and Their Glucosides in Wheat." Toxins 11, no. 7: 380.
Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a carcinogenic mycotoxin produced by Fusarium species contaminating maize. At present, fumonisin determination is performed using costly and demanding chromatography techniques or immunoassays. Recently, a molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (nanoMIPs) - based assay (MINA) has been developed for FB1 detection. Herein, we have applied MINA for the determination of FB1 in naturally contaminated maize samples and results were compared with those obtained with ELISA and a reference HPLC method (AOAC No. 2001.04). The nanoMIPs as a recognition element mimicking antibodies used in ELISA were produced by solid phase synthesis and used in MINA for FB1 determination in 53 maize samples. As a result, 18 maize samples were contaminated with FB1 at levels higher than 0.25 mg/kg. Fumonisin concentrations from samples measured by MINA were well correlated with those using ELISA and HPLC. Therefore, MINA could be used as an alternative technique for FB1 determination in maize.
Hasim Munawar; Abeer H.M. Safaryan; Annalisa De Girolamo; Alvaro Garcia-Cruz; Pedro Marote; Kal Karim; Vincenzo Lippolis; Michelangelo Pascale; Sergey A. Piletsky. Determination of Fumonisin B1 in maize using molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles-based assay. Food Chemistry 2019, 298, 125044 .
AMA StyleHasim Munawar, Abeer H.M. Safaryan, Annalisa De Girolamo, Alvaro Garcia-Cruz, Pedro Marote, Kal Karim, Vincenzo Lippolis, Michelangelo Pascale, Sergey A. Piletsky. Determination of Fumonisin B1 in maize using molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles-based assay. Food Chemistry. 2019; 298 ():125044.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHasim Munawar; Abeer H.M. Safaryan; Annalisa De Girolamo; Alvaro Garcia-Cruz; Pedro Marote; Kal Karim; Vincenzo Lippolis; Michelangelo Pascale; Sergey A. Piletsky. 2019. "Determination of Fumonisin B1 in maize using molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles-based assay." Food Chemistry 298, no. : 125044.
(AFB1) in maize and wheat using LFD and LC-HRMS, respectively. The results of analyses were used to calculate intermediate precision (RSDip, covering the inter-analyst variability in preparing the analytical samples and the precision under repeatability conditions) cut-off values and false suspect rates. RSDip ranged from 6.5% to 30% for DON, and from 16% to 33% for AFB1. The highest obtained variances were associated with the AFB1 analyses due to working with much lower mass fractions. The rate of false suspect results were lower than 0.1% for all tested methods. All methods showed a fit-for-purpose method performance profile, which allowed a clear distinction of samples containing the analytes at the screening target concentration (STC) from negative control samples. Moreover, the first time users obtained method performances similar to those obtained for validation studies previously performed on the screening methods included in the training course.
Veronica M. T. Lattanzio; Christoph Von Holst; Vincenzo Lippolis; Annalisa De Girolamo; Antonio F. Logrieco; Hans G. J. Mol; Michelangelo Pascale. Evaluation of Mycotoxin Screening Tests in a Verification Study Involving First Time Users. Toxins 2019, 11, 129 .
AMA StyleVeronica M. T. Lattanzio, Christoph Von Holst, Vincenzo Lippolis, Annalisa De Girolamo, Antonio F. Logrieco, Hans G. J. Mol, Michelangelo Pascale. Evaluation of Mycotoxin Screening Tests in a Verification Study Involving First Time Users. Toxins. 2019; 11 (2):129.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVeronica M. T. Lattanzio; Christoph Von Holst; Vincenzo Lippolis; Annalisa De Girolamo; Antonio F. Logrieco; Hans G. J. Mol; Michelangelo Pascale. 2019. "Evaluation of Mycotoxin Screening Tests in a Verification Study Involving First Time Users." Toxins 11, no. 2: 129.
The use of infrared spectroscopic for the screening of 229 unprocessed durum wheat samples naturally contaminated with OTA has been investigated. Samples were analysed by both Fourier Transform near- and mid-infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIR, FT-MIR). Partial-Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) and Principal Component-Linear Discriminant Analysis (PC-LDA) classification models were used to differentiate highly contaminated durum wheat samples from low contaminated ones and the performances of the resulting models were compared. The overall discrimination rates were higher than 94% for both FT-NIR and FT-MIR range by using a cut-off limit set at 2 µg/kg OTA, independently from the classification model used thus confirming the reliability of the two statistical approaches used. False compliant rates of 6% were obtained for both spectral ranges and both classification models. These findings indicate that FT-NIR, as well as FT-MIR analysis, might be a promising, inexpensive and easy-to-use screening tool to rapidly discriminate unprocessed wheat samples for OTA content.
Annalisa De Girolamo; Christoph von Holst; Marina Cortese; Salvatore Cervellieri; Michelangelo Pascale; Francesco Longobardi; Lucia Catucci; Anna Chiara Raffaella Porricelli; Vincenzo Lippolis. Rapid screening of ochratoxin A in wheat by infrared spectroscopy. Food Chemistry 2019, 282, 95 -100.
AMA StyleAnnalisa De Girolamo, Christoph von Holst, Marina Cortese, Salvatore Cervellieri, Michelangelo Pascale, Francesco Longobardi, Lucia Catucci, Anna Chiara Raffaella Porricelli, Vincenzo Lippolis. Rapid screening of ochratoxin A in wheat by infrared spectroscopy. Food Chemistry. 2019; 282 ():95-100.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnnalisa De Girolamo; Christoph von Holst; Marina Cortese; Salvatore Cervellieri; Michelangelo Pascale; Francesco Longobardi; Lucia Catucci; Anna Chiara Raffaella Porricelli; Vincenzo Lippolis. 2019. "Rapid screening of ochratoxin A in wheat by infrared spectroscopy." Food Chemistry 282, no. : 95-100.
The feasibility of applying the infrared spectroscopy for the geographical origin traceability of lentils from two different countries (Italy and Canada) was investigated. In particular, lentil samples were analyzed by Fourier transform near- and mid-infrared (FT-NIR and FT-MIR) spectroscopy and then discriminated by applying supervised models, i.e., linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). To avoid LDA overfitting, two variable strategies were adopted, i.e., a variable reduction by principal component analysis and a variable compression by wavelet packet transform algorithm. FT-MIR models were more discriminating compared to FT-NIR ones with prediction abilities ranging from 98 to 100% and from 91 to 100% for cross- and external validation, respectively. The combination of the FT-MIR and FT-NIR data did not improve the model performances. These findings demonstrated the suitability of the FT-MIR spectroscopy, in combination with supervised pattern recognition techniques, to successfully classify lentils according to their geographical origin.
Valentina Innamorato; Francesco Longobardi; Vincenzo Lippolis; Marina Cortese; Antonio F. Logrieco; Lucia Catucci; Angela Agostiano; Annalisa De Girolamo. Tracing the Geographical Origin of Lentils (Lens culinaris Medik.) by Infrared Spectroscopy and Chemometrics. Food Analytical Methods 2018, 12, 773 -779.
AMA StyleValentina Innamorato, Francesco Longobardi, Vincenzo Lippolis, Marina Cortese, Antonio F. Logrieco, Lucia Catucci, Angela Agostiano, Annalisa De Girolamo. Tracing the Geographical Origin of Lentils (Lens culinaris Medik.) by Infrared Spectroscopy and Chemometrics. Food Analytical Methods. 2018; 12 (3):773-779.
Chicago/Turabian StyleValentina Innamorato; Francesco Longobardi; Vincenzo Lippolis; Marina Cortese; Antonio F. Logrieco; Lucia Catucci; Angela Agostiano; Annalisa De Girolamo. 2018. "Tracing the Geographical Origin of Lentils (Lens culinaris Medik.) by Infrared Spectroscopy and Chemometrics." Food Analytical Methods 12, no. 3: 773-779.
BACKGROUND Deoxynivalenol (DON) is the most common Fusarium mycotoxin occurring in wheat and derived products with several adverse and toxic effects in animals and humans. Although bran fractions produced by milling of wheat have numerous health benefits, cereal bran is the part of the grain with the highest concentration of DON thus representing a risk for consumers. Increased efforts have been made to develop analytical methods suitable for rapid DON screening. RESULTS The applicability of using Fourier transform near‐infrared (FT‐NIR), mid‐infrared (FT‐MIR) spectroscopy and their combination for rapid analysis of DON in wheat bran has been investigated for the classification of samples into compliant and non‐compliant regarding the EC legal limit of 750 μg kg‐1. Partial Least Squares‐Discriminant Analysis (PLS‐DA) and Principal Component‐Linear Discriminant Analysis (PC‐LDA) were employed as classification techniques using a cut‐off value of 400 μg kg‐1 DON to distinguish the two classes. Depending on the classification model, overall discrimination rates were from 87% to 91% for FT‐NIR and from 86% to 87% for FT‐MIR spectral range. The FT‐NIR spectroscopy gave the highest overall classification rate of wheat bran samples with no false compliant samples and 18% of false not compliant samples, when the PC‐LDA classification model was applied. The combination of the two spectral ranges did not provide a substantial improvement of classification results with respect to FT‐NIR. CONCLUSIONS FT‐NIR in combination with classification models was an efficient tool to screen many DON‐contaminated wheat bran samples and assess their compliance with EC regulation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Annalisa De Girolamo; Salvatore Cervellieri; Marina Cortese; Anna Chiara Raffaella Porricelli; Michelangelo Pascale; Francesco Longobardi; Christoph Von Holst; Leonardo Ciaccheri; Vincenzo Lippolis. Fourier transform near-infrared and mid-infrared spectroscopy as efficient tools for rapid screening of deoxynivalenol contamination in wheat bran. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 2018, 99, 1946 -1953.
AMA StyleAnnalisa De Girolamo, Salvatore Cervellieri, Marina Cortese, Anna Chiara Raffaella Porricelli, Michelangelo Pascale, Francesco Longobardi, Christoph Von Holst, Leonardo Ciaccheri, Vincenzo Lippolis. Fourier transform near-infrared and mid-infrared spectroscopy as efficient tools for rapid screening of deoxynivalenol contamination in wheat bran. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 2018; 99 (4):1946-1953.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnnalisa De Girolamo; Salvatore Cervellieri; Marina Cortese; Anna Chiara Raffaella Porricelli; Michelangelo Pascale; Francesco Longobardi; Christoph Von Holst; Leonardo Ciaccheri; Vincenzo Lippolis. 2018. "Fourier transform near-infrared and mid-infrared spectroscopy as efficient tools for rapid screening of deoxynivalenol contamination in wheat bran." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 99, no. 4: 1946-1953.
This chapter describes different aptamer immobilization chemistries used in the production of aptasensors, providing key examples of the most applied technologies. Aptamer‐based biosensors, assays, and diagnostics hold great potential for applications in medical, food safety, and environmental analyses. Typically, the requirements of the desired analytical methods for aptasensor development determine the choice of substrate and chemistry for aptamer immobilization. The chapter categorizes the immobilization based on substrate type: planar or flat gold; solid phase; and nanomaterials. It reviews some recent diagnostic applications in relation to the immobilization method. Several immobilization techniques have been developed in the past years. These include physical adsorption, covalent binding, self‐assembly, avidin‐biotin immobilization, and hybridization. Strategies for immobilization must be reliable, simple, and must allow the aptamers to retain their biophysical characteristics and binding abilities. The chapter provides an overview of the standard approaches for aptamer immobilization on an array of materials including the relevant advantages and limitations.
Annalisa De Girolamo; Maureen McKeague; Michelangelo Pascale; Marina Cortese; Maria C. DeRosa. Immobilization of Aptamers on Substrates. Aptamers for Analytical Applications 2018, 85 -126.
AMA StyleAnnalisa De Girolamo, Maureen McKeague, Michelangelo Pascale, Marina Cortese, Maria C. DeRosa. Immobilization of Aptamers on Substrates. Aptamers for Analytical Applications. 2018; ():85-126.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnnalisa De Girolamo; Maureen McKeague; Michelangelo Pascale; Marina Cortese; Maria C. DeRosa. 2018. "Immobilization of Aptamers on Substrates." Aptamers for Analytical Applications , no. : 85-126.
BACKGROUND Deoxynivalenol (DON) is the mycotoxin, mainly produced by Fusarium species, most frequently occurring in cereals and cereal‐based products. Wheat bran is the outer layers of the kernel with a high risk of chemical hazards, including mycotoxins. Rapid methods for DON detection in wheat bran are highly demanded. RESULTS A rapid screening method using an electronic nose (e‐nose) based on metal oxide semiconductor sensors has been developed to distinguish wheat bran samples with different levels of DON contamination. A total of 470 naturally contaminated wheat bran samples was analysed by e‐nose analysis. Wheat bran samples were divided in two contamination classes: class A ([DON] ≤ 400 μg kg‐1, 225 samples) and class B ([DON] > 400 μg kg‐1, 245 samples). Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA), classified wheat bran samples with good mean recognition abilities in both calibration (92%) and validation (89%). In addition, a pattern of seventeen volatile compounds of wheat bran samples that were associated (positively or negatively) with DON content was characterized by HS‐SPME/GC‐MS. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the developed e‐nose method could be a useful tool for high throughput screening of DON‐contaminated wheat bran samples for their classification as acceptable/rejectable at contamination levels close to the EU maximum limit for DON, then reducing the number of samples to be analysed with a confirmatory method.
Vincenzo Lippolis; Salvatore Cervellieri; Anna Damascelli; Michelangelo Pascale; Annalisa Di Gioia; Francesco Longobardi; Annalisa De Girolamo. Rapid prediction of deoxynivalenol contamination in wheat bran by MOS-based electronic nose and characterization of the relevant pattern of volatile compounds. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 2018, 98, 4955 -4962.
AMA StyleVincenzo Lippolis, Salvatore Cervellieri, Anna Damascelli, Michelangelo Pascale, Annalisa Di Gioia, Francesco Longobardi, Annalisa De Girolamo. Rapid prediction of deoxynivalenol contamination in wheat bran by MOS-based electronic nose and characterization of the relevant pattern of volatile compounds. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 2018; 98 (13):4955-4962.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVincenzo Lippolis; Salvatore Cervellieri; Anna Damascelli; Michelangelo Pascale; Annalisa Di Gioia; Francesco Longobardi; Annalisa De Girolamo. 2018. "Rapid prediction of deoxynivalenol contamination in wheat bran by MOS-based electronic nose and characterization of the relevant pattern of volatile compounds." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 98, no. 13: 4955-4962.
Monica Bianco; A. Sonato; A. De Girolamo; M. Pascale; Filippo Romanato; Rosaria Rinaldi; V. Arima. An aptamer-based SPR-polarization platform for high sensitive OTA detection. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 2017, 241, 314 -320.
AMA StyleMonica Bianco, A. Sonato, A. De Girolamo, M. Pascale, Filippo Romanato, Rosaria Rinaldi, V. Arima. An aptamer-based SPR-polarization platform for high sensitive OTA detection. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 2017; 241 ():314-320.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMonica Bianco; A. Sonato; A. De Girolamo; M. Pascale; Filippo Romanato; Rosaria Rinaldi; V. Arima. 2017. "An aptamer-based SPR-polarization platform for high sensitive OTA detection." Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 241, no. : 314-320.
Two Proficiency Testings (PTs) involving eighteen laboratory participants from 10 Countries have been conducted in 2014 for the simultaneous determination of deoxynivalenol, fumonisins B1 and B2, zearalenone, T-2 and HT-2 toxins, ochratoxin A and aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 in maize and of deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, T-2 and HT-2 toxins and ochratoxin A in wheat, respectively. The aim of PTs was to check next to the laboratory performance the state-of-art of the LC–MS multi-mycotoxin methods used by participants. In addition, the trend of performances of LC–MS methods for multi-mycotoxin determination in maize together with method-related issues was assessed by comparing three PTs organised over the years 2011–2014. Data showed the improvement of laboratory performances with the overall acceptable z-scores that progressively increased from 59% in 2011 PT to 85% in 2014 PT, while the rate of unacceptable z-score decreased from 25% in 2011 PT to 11% in 2014 PT.
Annalisa De Girolamo; Biancamaria Ciasca; Joerg Stroka; Stefanka Bratinova; Michelangelo Pascale; Angelo Visconti; Veronica M.T. Lattanzio. Performance evaluation of LC–MS/MS methods for multi-mycotoxin determination in maize and wheat by means of international Proficiency Testing. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry 2016, 86, 222 -234.
AMA StyleAnnalisa De Girolamo, Biancamaria Ciasca, Joerg Stroka, Stefanka Bratinova, Michelangelo Pascale, Angelo Visconti, Veronica M.T. Lattanzio. Performance evaluation of LC–MS/MS methods for multi-mycotoxin determination in maize and wheat by means of international Proficiency Testing. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry. 2016; 86 ():222-234.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnnalisa De Girolamo; Biancamaria Ciasca; Joerg Stroka; Stefanka Bratinova; Michelangelo Pascale; Angelo Visconti; Veronica M.T. Lattanzio. 2016. "Performance evaluation of LC–MS/MS methods for multi-mycotoxin determination in maize and wheat by means of international Proficiency Testing." TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry 86, no. : 222-234.
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin produced as a secondary metabolite by several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium and frequently found as a natural contaminant in a wide range of food commodities. Novel and robust biorecognition agents for detecting this molecule are required. Aptamers are artificial nucleic acid ligands able to bind with high affinity and specificity to a given target molecule. In the last few years, three separate research groups have selected aptamers for ochratoxin A. While each of these three families of aptamers have been incorporated into various methods for detecting OTA, it is unclear if each aptamer candidate is better suited for a particular application. Here, we perform the first head-to-head comparison of solution-based binding parameters for these groups of aptamers. Based on our results, we provide recommendations for the appropriate choice of aptamer for incorporation into solution-based biorecognition assays and applications.
Maureen McKeague; Ranganathan Velu; Annalisa De Girolamo; Stefania Valenzano; Michelangelo Pascale; McKenzie Smith; Maria C. DeRosa. Comparison of In-Solution Biorecognition Properties of Aptamers against Ochratoxin A. Toxins 2016, 8, 336 .
AMA StyleMaureen McKeague, Ranganathan Velu, Annalisa De Girolamo, Stefania Valenzano, Michelangelo Pascale, McKenzie Smith, Maria C. DeRosa. Comparison of In-Solution Biorecognition Properties of Aptamers against Ochratoxin A. Toxins. 2016; 8 (11):336.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaureen McKeague; Ranganathan Velu; Annalisa De Girolamo; Stefania Valenzano; Michelangelo Pascale; McKenzie Smith; Maria C. DeRosa. 2016. "Comparison of In-Solution Biorecognition Properties of Aptamers against Ochratoxin A." Toxins 8, no. 11: 336.
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin frequently occurring in cereals and derived products, and regulated in many countries. Raman spectroscopy performed using optical fibers, with excitation at 1064 nm and a dispersive detection scheme, was utilized to analyze wheat bran samples naturally contaminated with DON. A multivariate processing of the spectroscopic data allowed to distinguish two classes of contamination, with DON below and above 400 μg/kg, respectively. Only one highly contaminated sample was misclassified. This preliminary result demonstrates the potential of Raman spectroscopy as a useful analytical tool for the non-destructive and rapid analysis of mycotoxins in food. © (2016) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
A. G. Mignani; L. Ciaccheri; A. A. Mencaglia; A. De Girolamo; Vincenzo Lippolis; M. Pascale. Rapid screening of wheat bran contaminated by deoxynivalenol mycotoxin using Raman spectroscopy: a preliminary experiment. Sixth European Workshop on Optical Fibre Sensors 2016, 9916, 99160 .
AMA StyleA. G. Mignani, L. Ciaccheri, A. A. Mencaglia, A. De Girolamo, Vincenzo Lippolis, M. Pascale. Rapid screening of wheat bran contaminated by deoxynivalenol mycotoxin using Raman spectroscopy: a preliminary experiment. Sixth European Workshop on Optical Fibre Sensors. 2016; 9916 ():99160.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. G. Mignani; L. Ciaccheri; A. A. Mencaglia; A. De Girolamo; Vincenzo Lippolis; M. Pascale. 2016. "Rapid screening of wheat bran contaminated by deoxynivalenol mycotoxin using Raman spectroscopy: a preliminary experiment." Sixth European Workshop on Optical Fibre Sensors 9916, no. : 99160.
Aptamers are synthetic single-stranded DNA or RNA sequences that can fold into tertiary structures allowing them to interact with and bind to targets with high affinity and specificity. This paper describes the first selection and identification of DNA aptamers able to recognize the biogenic amine tyramine. To successfully isolate aptamers to this challenging small molecule target, the SELEX methodology was adapted by combining a systematic strategy to increase the selection stringency and monitor enrichment success. As the benefits of applying high-throughput sequencing (HTS) in SELEX experiments is becoming more clear, this method was employed in combination with bioinformatics analysis to evaluate the utility of the selection strategy and to uncover new potential high affinity sequences. On the basis of the presence of consensus regions (sequence families) and family similarities (clusters), 15 putative aptamers to tyramine were identified. A recently described workflow approach to perform a primary screening and characterization of the aptamer candidates by microequilibrium dialysis and by microscale thermophoresis was next leveraged. These candidate aptamers exhibited dissociation constant (Kd) values in the range of 0.2–152 μM with aptamer Tyr_10 as the most promising one followed by aptamer Tyr_14. These aptamers could be used as promising molecular recognition tools for the development of inexpensive, robust and innovative biosensor platforms for the detection of tyramine in food and beverages.
Stefania Valenzano; Annalisa De Girolamo; Maria C. DeRosa; Maureen McKeague; Roberto Schena; Lucia Catucci; Michelangelo Pascale. Screening and Identification of DNA Aptamers to Tyramine Using in Vitro Selection and High-Throughput Sequencing. ACS Combinatorial Science 2016, 18, 302 -313.
AMA StyleStefania Valenzano, Annalisa De Girolamo, Maria C. DeRosa, Maureen McKeague, Roberto Schena, Lucia Catucci, Michelangelo Pascale. Screening and Identification of DNA Aptamers to Tyramine Using in Vitro Selection and High-Throughput Sequencing. ACS Combinatorial Science. 2016; 18 (6):302-313.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStefania Valenzano; Annalisa De Girolamo; Maria C. DeRosa; Maureen McKeague; Roberto Schena; Lucia Catucci; Michelangelo Pascale. 2016. "Screening and Identification of DNA Aptamers to Tyramine Using in Vitro Selection and High-Throughput Sequencing." ACS Combinatorial Science 18, no. 6: 302-313.