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Sustainability is a challenging issue for livestock production, with many expectations from citizens and consumers. Thus, in order to improve existing production systems or design new ones, there is a need for sustainability assessment tools. We propose here a method based on a participatory approach to assess the sustainability of chicken supply chains. A participating group composed of various French stakeholders (poultry industry operators, research and development scientists, non-governmental organizations, etc.) was consulted to gather the various existing visions of sustainability. Each decision was validated by this group, and this resulted in the creation of a consensual assessment grid, based on economic, social, and environmental pillars, summarized in 9 goals, 28 criteria, and 45 indicators. Each item was weighted by the participating group according to their relative importance. The grid was then tested on two different French supply chains, producing either free-range or conventional standard chickens. The strengths, weaknesses, and improvement margins of each supply chain were identified. For conventional standard production, an improvement scenario was proposed, based on changes in chicken feed and the renovation of chicken houses. This new supply chain improved many criteria in the three pillars; such as economic competitiveness, European protein autonomy, social acceptance, and lower greenhouse gas emission. In conclusion, this method provides a robust and powerful tool to help stakeholders to start their own autonomous improvement process, and thus progress towards a more sustainable chicken production
Bertrand Méda; Léonie Dusart; Juliette Protino; Philippe Lescoat; Cécile Berri; Pascale Magdelaine; Isabelle Bouvarel. OVALI, Sustainability for Poultry®: A Method Co-Designed by Stakeholders to Assess the Sustainability of Chicken Supply Chains in Their Territories. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1329 .
AMA StyleBertrand Méda, Léonie Dusart, Juliette Protino, Philippe Lescoat, Cécile Berri, Pascale Magdelaine, Isabelle Bouvarel. OVALI, Sustainability for Poultry®: A Method Co-Designed by Stakeholders to Assess the Sustainability of Chicken Supply Chains in Their Territories. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1329.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBertrand Méda; Léonie Dusart; Juliette Protino; Philippe Lescoat; Cécile Berri; Pascale Magdelaine; Isabelle Bouvarel. 2021. "OVALI, Sustainability for Poultry®: A Method Co-Designed by Stakeholders to Assess the Sustainability of Chicken Supply Chains in Their Territories." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1329.
Feed production is the main contributor to several environmental impacts of livestock. To decrease environmental impacts of feed, those of feedstuffs should be considered during formulation. In particular, multiobjective feed formulation (MOF) can help reduce several environmental impacts simultaneously while keeping any increase in feed price moderate. The objective of this study was to assess environmental benefits of MOF at the farm gate for fattening pigs and broilers. For pigs, three feeding strategies were tested: classic 2-phase (2P), 2-phase with lower net energy content (2P −), and multiphase (MP). For broilers, two strategies were tested: classic 3-phase (3P) and 3-phase with higher digestible amino acid contents and lower metabolisable energy content (3P +). Diets were formulated using both least-cost formulation (LCF) and MOF, yielding six pig scenarios and four broiler scenarios. Environmental impacts at the farm gate were estimated using a modelling approach based on life cycle assessment. Indicators for six impact categories were then calculated: climate change (CC), cumulative non-renewable energy demand (CEDNR), acidification (AC), eutrophication (EU), land occupation (LO), and phosphorus demand (PD). As expected, MOF had lower farm-gate impacts than LCF (as much as − 13%), but the degree of decrease varied by feeding strategy and impact. For pigs, MOF was equally effective in all strategies at reducing PD (− 6 to − 9%) and AC (− 2%). In contrast, MOF was more effective in 2P and 2P − at decreasing CC (− 5% to − 7%), LO (− 9% to − 13%) and EU (− 6% to − 8%) than in MP (CC: − 2%; LO: − 4%; EU: − 3%). The benefit of MOF was found greater in 2P (− 7%) than in other pig strategies for CEDNR (− 3 to + 0%). For broilers, MOF was equally effective in both strategies tested at decreasing PD (− 12%), AC (− 2%), and EU (− 4%). For CC and CEDNR, MOF was more effective in 3P (CC: − 9%; CEDNR: − 11%) than 3P + (− 6% for both impacts), but not for LO (+ 3% in 3P vs − 1% in 3P +). These differences were due mainly to differences in animal performance (especially feed conversion ratio) among the strategies tested. Finally, in all scenarios, gross margin at the farm gate decreased with MOF comparatively to LCF (pigs: − 3% to − 11%); broilers: − 7% to − 11%). These results demonstrate the importance of comprehensive economic and environmental optimisation of feeding strategies by simultaneously considering feed impacts, animal performance, and manure management. To do so, further research is therefore required to develop new modelling tools.
B. Méda; F. Garcia-Launay; L. Dusart; P. Ponchant; S. Espagnol; A. Wilfart. Reducing environmental impacts of feed using multiobjective formulation: What benefits at the farm gate for pig and broiler production? Animal 2020, 15, 100024 .
AMA StyleB. Méda, F. Garcia-Launay, L. Dusart, P. Ponchant, S. Espagnol, A. Wilfart. Reducing environmental impacts of feed using multiobjective formulation: What benefits at the farm gate for pig and broiler production? Animal. 2020; 15 (1):100024.
Chicago/Turabian StyleB. Méda; F. Garcia-Launay; L. Dusart; P. Ponchant; S. Espagnol; A. Wilfart. 2020. "Reducing environmental impacts of feed using multiobjective formulation: What benefits at the farm gate for pig and broiler production?" Animal 15, no. 1: 100024.
A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model was developed to investigate the production-specific factors involved in the transfer of α-hexabromocyclododecane (α-HBCDD) to broiler meat. The model describes growth and lipid deposition in tissues of fast- (FG) and slow- (SG) growing broilers from hatching to slaughter and simulates the exposure through the ingestion of contaminated feed or expanded polystyrene insulation material. Growth parameters were obtained from the literature while parameters relative to uptake, distribution, and elimination of α-HBCDD were adjusted using results of a previous experiment involving broilers exposed through feed throughout the rearing period or allowed to depurate before slaughter. The model was used to compare the two main edible tissues, breast and leg meat, as well as skin, and to investigate the variability within strain. Between strains and within strain, α-HBCDD assimilation efficiency (AE) is higher when the animals are slaughtered young or heavy. However, increasing slaughter age will lower α-HBCDD concentration in tissues, due to dilution. Based on fresh weight, the concentration of α-HBCDD in breast muscles and skin tends to be lower in SG than in FG broilers (−30 to +10%), while it is 10% to 80% higher in leg muscles. Compared to breast muscles, consuming leg muscles would elicit an exposure 9 and 16 times higher in FG and SG broilers, respectively. The consumption of skin together with muscles would multiply the exposure by up to 36 times compared to breast muscle alone. In case of acute exposure, the α-HBCDD concentration in tissues increased sharply, all the more since the animals are lighter in weight, and then decreased rapidly. In FG broilers, dilution through growth contributed for up to 37%, 28% and 97% to the decontamination of breast muscles, leg muscles and skin, respectively, depending on the duration of depuration before slaughter.
Bertrand Méda; Angélique Travel; Yann Guyot; Jérôme Henri; Eric Royer; Elisabeth Baéza-Campone; Catherine Jondreville. A PBPK model to study the transfer of α-hexabromocyclododecane (α-HBCDD) to tissues of fast- and slow-growing broilers. Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A 2019, 37, 316 -331.
AMA StyleBertrand Méda, Angélique Travel, Yann Guyot, Jérôme Henri, Eric Royer, Elisabeth Baéza-Campone, Catherine Jondreville. A PBPK model to study the transfer of α-hexabromocyclododecane (α-HBCDD) to tissues of fast- and slow-growing broilers. Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A. 2019; 37 (2):316-331.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBertrand Méda; Angélique Travel; Yann Guyot; Jérôme Henri; Eric Royer; Elisabeth Baéza-Campone; Catherine Jondreville. 2019. "A PBPK model to study the transfer of α-hexabromocyclododecane (α-HBCDD) to tissues of fast- and slow-growing broilers." Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A 37, no. 2: 316-331.