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The Social License to Operate (SLO) continues to influence industry, government, and academia on issues of resource development, particularly mining. But it risks becoming a term that includes all types of company activity aimed at gaining public support. To delimit the term, we look at the malleability of the SLO in a highly-regulated context: Sweden. Comparing the academic literature on the SLO at the global level and in the Swedish context, we assess the usefulness of the term across three themes: institutions, corporate-community engagement, and sustainability. Through this review, we argue that the SLO is best understood as a tool and an indicator. A tool to address significant problems and issues and an indicator of deficiencies in the existing institutional framework
Gregory Poelzer; Karin Beland Lindahl; Eugenia Segerstedt; Lena Abrahamsson; Martin Karlsson. Licensing acceptance in a mineral-rich welfare state: Critical reflections on the social license to operate in Sweden. The Extractive Industries and Society 2020, 7, 1096 -1107.
AMA StyleGregory Poelzer, Karin Beland Lindahl, Eugenia Segerstedt, Lena Abrahamsson, Martin Karlsson. Licensing acceptance in a mineral-rich welfare state: Critical reflections on the social license to operate in Sweden. The Extractive Industries and Society. 2020; 7 (3):1096-1107.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGregory Poelzer; Karin Beland Lindahl; Eugenia Segerstedt; Lena Abrahamsson; Martin Karlsson. 2020. "Licensing acceptance in a mineral-rich welfare state: Critical reflections on the social license to operate in Sweden." The Extractive Industries and Society 7, no. 3: 1096-1107.
The challenges for any community that seeks to maintain a healthy and thriving social life around an operating mine have been considered at some length in research, but the picture is still far from complete. In order to pinpoint some of the gaps in research, the literature on social sustainability as applied to established mining communities in developed countries is here reviewed, and the general understanding of the social sustainability of such communities is touched on. Diversity of livelihoods is explored as an analytical lens which can be used to approach social sustainability challenges without essentializing the preferences of social groups. Extensive literature searches with keywords such as mining, work, gender, organization, social, sustainability, community, town, area, cohesion and inclusion were conducted. The results of our review show a research gap between studies of mining companies and studies of wider mining communities. We conclude that considering diversity of livelihoods can be a productive analytical tool when approaching aspects of social sustainability such as social cohesion and inclusion, gender equality, managed migration, demographics, and housing infrastructure. Continued research is recommended to further bridge the gap between studies of mining companies and studies of mining communities from the perspective of social sustainability.
Eugenia Segerstedt; Lena Abrahamsson. Diversity of livelihoods and social sustainability in established mining communities. The Extractive Industries and Society 2019, 6, 610 -619.
AMA StyleEugenia Segerstedt, Lena Abrahamsson. Diversity of livelihoods and social sustainability in established mining communities. The Extractive Industries and Society. 2019; 6 (2):610-619.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEugenia Segerstedt; Lena Abrahamsson. 2019. "Diversity of livelihoods and social sustainability in established mining communities." The Extractive Industries and Society 6, no. 2: 610-619.
Social sustainability is a widely used concept in urban planning research and practice. However, knowledge of spatial distributions of social values and aspects of social sustainability is required. Visualization of these distributions is also highly valuable, but challenging, and rarely attempted in sparsely populated urban environments in rural areas. This article presents a method that highlights social values in spatial models through 3D visualization, describes the methodology to generate the models, and discusses potential applications. The models were created using survey, building, infrastructure and demographic data for Gällivare, Sweden, a small city facing major transformation due to mining subsidence. It provides an example of how 3D models of important social sustainability indices can be designed to display citizens’ attitudes regarding their financial status, the built environment, social inclusion and welfare services. The models helped identify spatial variations in perceptions of the built environment that correlate (inter alia) with closeness to certain locations, gender and distances to public buildings. Potential uses of the model for supporting efforts by practitioners, researchers and citizens to visualize and understand social values in similar urban environments are discussed, together with ethical issues (particularly regarding degrees of anonymity) concerning its wider use for inclusive planning.
Tim Johansson; Eugenia Segerstedt; Thomas Olofsson; Mats Jakobsson. Revealing Social Values by 3D City Visualization in City Transformations. Sustainability 2016, 8, 195 .
AMA StyleTim Johansson, Eugenia Segerstedt, Thomas Olofsson, Mats Jakobsson. Revealing Social Values by 3D City Visualization in City Transformations. Sustainability. 2016; 8 (2):195.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTim Johansson; Eugenia Segerstedt; Thomas Olofsson; Mats Jakobsson. 2016. "Revealing Social Values by 3D City Visualization in City Transformations." Sustainability 8, no. 2: 195.