This review is devoted to an overview of the prospects for the development of the global hydrogen market and the strategies of individual countries aimed at transforming energy systems in favor of decarbonization and greening through the use of hydrogen. Special attention is paid to the prospects for the development of the Russian hydrogen market. The authors of the review used the method of comparative analysis and analytical generalization of publications, programs and regulatory documents from different countries. The results of the comparative analysis led to the conclusion that most of the publications currently focus on the technical and technological aspects of hydrogen energy, solving the problem of increasing the efficiency of methods for the production, transportation, distribution and storage of hydrogen fuel. The results of the analytical generalization led to the conclusion that in all countries of the world, the technology for the production of highly environmentally friendly “green” hydrogen is at an early stage, which makes it highly dependent on government initiatives to develop hydrogen projects and government funding of both scientific research in this area and realizable projects. In addition, the peaks of interest in the field of hydrogen energy are associated with market changes in the fossil energy markets, which makes the development of this technology unstable and dependent on market conditions. Moreover, the focus of attention of a number of authors is the prospects for the development of the hydrogen market. It is concluded that many countries are ready to invest in the development of hydrogen energy and, given the growth in demand for hydrogen, are ready to export it at an affordable price. That is, in the future, the international hydrogen market, as technical, technological, and economic problems are solved, will grow. The results of the study also indicate the fundamental co-direction of the trends in the development of hydrogen energy in Russia with global trends. At the same time, it should be emphasized that the high resource and scientific and technological potential allows Russia to fully focus its strategy on its implementation, not only developing the domestic market but also acting as an exporter of hydrogen and expanding international cooperation in this area.

The article discusses alternatives to the development of the common electricity market of the Eurasian Economic Union countries. In the study, the authors identified three tasks: to analyze the process of forming a unified energy market for the EAEU countries; to assess the achievability of indicators of “greening” the economy of the EAEU countries according to the adopted Millennium Goals by 2025 and 2030; and to consider the impact of various factors on the development of the common electricity market of the Eurasian Economic Union countries in the conditions of the current economic crisis. The research hypothesis suggests that the energy unification of the countries will not lead to the abandonment of the use of traditional energy resources, but the need to increase the efficiency and environmental friendliness of their use will come into focus, and the active inclusion of the electric power industry in modern global “green” trends based on the development of renewable energy generation sectors will make it possible to solve the problems of energy security of countries more effectively in the long-term participants of the CEM. The authors believe that it is not a deficit but on the contrary an excess of traditional energy resources that provides a trend of progressive movement towards a “green” economy, and the manifestations of the “Dutch disease” with a properly structured state energy policy and effectively selected incentive measures cannot serve as a significant brake on this movement. At the same time, the formation of a common electricity market of the EAEU countries should prioritize not just the idea of integration but also the idea of creating an alternative electricity market based on the introduction of modern electricity generation technologies and the creation of conditions that stimulate the development of alternative energy.

The study of the rates of innovative development of various sectors of the modern economy makes it possible to determine the existence of a scientific and practical problem, eliciting the need for urgent identification of the reasons for non-innovative development of Oil and Gas Companies and development of the directions for innovation development. Based on a number of methods, including methods of graphical analysis, time series forecasting, construction of linear trends, correlation analysis and scenario forecasting, the authors stated the fact of the serious depth of the problem of innovative insufficiency in the oil sector in comparison with other sectors and they built six scenarios for the development of these companies. The applied methods made it possible to not only come to the conclusion that with the current level of investment in R&D in the oil and gas sector, Oil Companies may find themselves in difficult conditions, especially if breakthrough technologies show themselves in the non-hydrocarbon energy of the future, but also made it possible to determine the most important directions for the development of Oil Companies, including the formation and development of the oil and gas industry 4.0, marketing strategic management of the activities of these companies.

В подавляющем большинстве научных исследований бизнес-экосистема рассматривается, прежде всего, с точки зрения взаимодействия ее участников с целью создания ценности для бизнеса и потребителя, обеспечения эмерджентности и синергетического эффекта. В данной статье фокус внимания смещается в сторону рассмотрения экосистемы как механизма повышения уровня лояльности клиентов, обеспечения их долгосрочного удержания, усиления эмоциональной связи клиента с экосистемой, формирования положительного клиентского опыта и развития доверительных отношений. В статье исследованы преимущества и недостатки цифровых бизнес-экосистем, в том числе с точки зрения повышения уровня лояльности клиентов, проведен анализ экосистемных игроков на российском рынке. На примере бизнес-экосистем известных российских брендов рассмотрены интересы компаний и их клиентов, выявлены основные факторы, способствующие повышению лояльности клиентов, отмечены некоторые слабые стороны экосистем, которые могут стать причинами возникновения проблем, связанных с безопасностью клиентов и устойчивостью всей бизнес-экосистемы, а также нанести урон доверию со стороны потребителей. В результате исследования сделан вывод о необходимости трансформации экосистемы в клиентоцентричный механизм, все остальные функции и целевые установки которого носят обеспечивающий характер. Данная статья может представлять научно-практический интерес как для исследователей, так и для практиков в сфере маркетинга отношений, организации работы CRM, а также формирования и развития экосистемы бренда.

In the article, based on a comparative analysis and analytical generalization of publications, program and regulatory documents from different countries, the authors consider the prospects for the development of the hydrogen market. Most publications are currently focused on the technical and technological aspects of hydrogen energy, solving the problem of increasing the efficiency of methods for the production, transportation, distribution and storage of hydrogen fuel. In all countries of the world, the technology for the production of highly environmentally friendly “green” hydrogen is at an early stage, which makes it highly dependent on government initiatives to develop hydrogen projects and government funding of both scientific research in this area and ongoing projects. Peaks of interest in the field of hydrogen energy are associated with changes in the fossil energy markets, which makes the development of this technology unsustainable. Many countries are ready to invest in the development of hydrogen energy, and, given the growth in demand for hydrogen, are ready to export it at an affordable price. The results of the study indicate that the trends in the development of hydrogen energy in Russia are fundamentally aligned with global trends. At the same time, the high resource and scientific and technological potential allows Russia to fully focus its strategy on its implementation, not only developing the domestic market, but also acting as an exporter of hydrogen and expanding international cooperation in this area.