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Cynara cardunculus L. offers a natural source of phenolic compounds with the predominant molecule being chlorogenic acid. Chlorogenic acid is gaining interest due to its involvement in various biological properties such as, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and anticarcinogenic activities. In this work we screened a Cynara cardunculus collection for new allelic variants in key genes involved in the chlorogenic acid biosynthesis pathway. The target genes encode p-coumaroyl ester 3′-hydroxylase (C3′H) and hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA: quinate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HQT), both participating in the synthesis of chlorogenic acid. Using high-resolution melting, the C3′H gene proved to be highly conserved with only 4 haplotypes while, for HQT, 17 haplotypes were identified de novo. The putative influence of the identified polymorphisms in C3′H and HQT proteins was further evaluated using bioinformatics tools. We could identify some polymorphisms that may lead to protein conformational changes. Chlorogenic acid content, antioxidant and antithrombin activities were also evaluated in Cc leaf extracts and an association analysis was performed to assess a putative correlation between these traits and the identified polymorphisms. In this work we identified allelic variants with putative impact on C3′H and HQT proteins which are significantly associated with chlorogenic acid content and antioxidant activity. Further study of these alleles should be explored to assess putative relevance as genetic markers correlating with Cynara cardunculus biological properties with further confirmation by functional analysis.
Ana Margarida Ferro; Patrícia Ramos; Olinda Guerreiro; Eliana Jerónimo; Inês Pires; Carmen Capel; Juan Capel; Rafael Lozano; Maria F. Duarte; M. Margarida Oliveira; Eliana Alves. Impact of novel SNPs identified in Cynara cardunculus genes on functionality of proteins regulating phenylpropanoid pathway and their association with biological activities. BMC Genomics 2017, 18, 1 -16.
AMA StyleAna Margarida Ferro, Patrícia Ramos, Olinda Guerreiro, Eliana Jerónimo, Inês Pires, Carmen Capel, Juan Capel, Rafael Lozano, Maria F. Duarte, M. Margarida Oliveira, Eliana Alves. Impact of novel SNPs identified in Cynara cardunculus genes on functionality of proteins regulating phenylpropanoid pathway and their association with biological activities. BMC Genomics. 2017; 18 (1):1-16.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Margarida Ferro; Patrícia Ramos; Olinda Guerreiro; Eliana Jerónimo; Inês Pires; Carmen Capel; Juan Capel; Rafael Lozano; Maria F. Duarte; M. Margarida Oliveira; Eliana Alves. 2017. "Impact of novel SNPs identified in Cynara cardunculus genes on functionality of proteins regulating phenylpropanoid pathway and their association with biological activities." BMC Genomics 18, no. 1: 1-16.
Background Nuña bean is a type of ancient common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) native to the Andean region of South America, whose seeds possess the unusual property of popping. The nutritional features of popped seeds make them a healthy low fat and high protein snack. However, flowering of nuña bean only takes place under short-day photoperiod conditions, which means a difficulty to extend production to areas where such conditions do not prevail. Therefore, breeding programs of adaptation traits will facilitate the diversification of the bean crops and the development of new varieties with enhanced healthy properties. Although the popping trait has been profusely studied in maize (popcorn), little is known about the biology and genetic basis of the popping ability in common bean. To obtain insights into the genetics of popping ability related traits of nuña bean, a comprehensive quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis was performed to detect single-locus and epistatic QTLs responsible for the phenotypic variance observed in these traits. Results A mapping population of 185 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between two Andean common bean genotypes was evaluated for three popping related traits, popping dimension index (PDI), expansion coefficient (EC), and percentage of unpopped seeds (PUS), in five different environmental conditions. The genetic map constructed included 193 loci across 12 linkage groups (LGs), covering a genetic distance of 822.1 cM, with an average of 4.3 cM per marker. Individual and multi-environment QTL analyses detected a total of nineteen single-locus QTLs, highlighting among them the co-localized QTLs for the three popping ability traits placed on LGs 3, 5, 6, and 7, which together explained 24.9, 14.5, and 25.3% of the phenotypic variance for PDI, EC, and PUS, respectively. Interestingly, epistatic interactions among QTLs have been detected, which could have a key role in the genetic control of popping. Conclusions The QTLs here reported constitute useful tools for marker assisted selection breeding programs aimed at improving nuña bean cultivars, as well as for extending our knowledge of the genetic determinants and genotype x environment interaction involved in the popping ability traits of this bean crop.The authors thank Quival-Frutos Secos El Nogal (Pontevedra, Spain) for technical support and Diputación de Pontevedra for farm facilities. We also thank Rosana Pereira Vianello Brondani from Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, CNPq (Brasil) for supplying some microsatellite primers. MDLF was supported by a research contract of the Xunta de Galicia. This work has been funded by grants PET2008_0167, EUI2009-04052 and AGL2011-25562 of the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and PGIDI03RAG16E of the Xunta de Galicia.Peer Reviewe
Fernando J Yuste-Lisbona; Marta Santalla; Carmen Capel; Manuel García-Alcázar; María De La Fuente; Juan Capel; Antonio M De Ron; Rafael Lozano. Marker-based linkage map of Andean common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and mapping of QTLs underlying popping ability traits. BMC Plant Biology 2012, 12, 136 -136.
AMA StyleFernando J Yuste-Lisbona, Marta Santalla, Carmen Capel, Manuel García-Alcázar, María De La Fuente, Juan Capel, Antonio M De Ron, Rafael Lozano. Marker-based linkage map of Andean common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and mapping of QTLs underlying popping ability traits. BMC Plant Biology. 2012; 12 (1):136-136.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFernando J Yuste-Lisbona; Marta Santalla; Carmen Capel; Manuel García-Alcázar; María De La Fuente; Juan Capel; Antonio M De Ron; Rafael Lozano. 2012. "Marker-based linkage map of Andean common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and mapping of QTLs underlying popping ability traits." BMC Plant Biology 12, no. 1: 136-136.