Teachers play an important role in the success of inclusive practices for diverse learners in regular classrooms. It is, therefore, important to examine their beliefs and preparation to teach in inclusive classrooms. The main purpose of this study was to analyze the attitude of active Chilean teachers (n = 569) towards inclusion, their self-efficacy regarding inclusive practices, and their intention to teach in inclusive classrooms. Our secondary objectives were to explore the relationship between their attitudes and self-efficacy and to determine the influence of demographic and professional variables on these two constructs. A positive and significant relationship between teachers’ attitude and self-efficacy was found. Teacher qualification was not significantly related to attitudes towards inclusion but was negatively associated with their self-efficacy beliefs concerning inclusive practices. Secondary education teachers reported lower teaching efficacy beliefs for inclusion than pre-school, primary, and special education teachers. The type of school emerged as a significant predictor of teachers’ attitude and self-efficacy beliefs. The implications of this research and need for additional teacher and in-service training to improve educators’ attitudes and self-efficacy are discussed.

Equidad, Educación Inclusiva y Educación para la Justicia Social. ¿Llevan Todos los Caminos a la Misma Meta?

In this paper, we will analyze the inclusive education policies and practices of a Province in Canada. Qualitative methods were used to analyze the planning of teaching and learning for students, with a focus on those with a Personalized Learning Plan (PLP). The process involved extended school and classroom observation, completion of questionnaires and analysis of documents, including lesson plans, individual student records, and PLPs of specific students. An observation grid and questionnaires were designed ad hoc. This province was an early adopter of an inclusive educational model. Schools in the province have a long tradition of developing accommodations for individual students in a ‘common learning environment’. In this article, we analyze learning and curriculum planning and its influence on the development of inclusive practices in the classroom. We found that teachers continue to struggle to develop effective individual learning plans. Our analysis leads us to suggest a model for teachers to conceptualise appropriate strategies and accommodations for students in their daily lesson plans.

In this article, we present the four-year actions carried out at a public school in Meco (Madrid, Spain). Through the research contract (LOU, Art. 83) “Cooperative teaching and learning to respond to the diversity of students”, during the years 2014 and 2018, various actions were carried out by the school in its process of methodological and organizational transformation towards a more inclusive model based on the cooperation of teachers and students. A journey was made from the actions aimed at traditional training through courses and seminars to the accompaniment actions in the classroom to implement the cooperative learning methodology. Results of the actions and analysis of the interviews carried out with teachers participating in the process during the four years of work as well as field observation notes are presented. The results show the transformation and improvement of teaching practices based on inclusion and the cooperative learning methodology. Among the central conclusions, there is evidence of internal improvement in organizational management and inclusive teaching practices from the involvement, support, and continuous training of teachers in educational quality towards students.

This article presents the study of the perception of teachers and principals participating in a teacher training program about cooperative learning with the focus on the transformation of teaching practices for inclusive education. The aim is to analyze the effect of a teacher training program on teaching practices and school transformation. We carried out an exploratory case study involving eight public schools of the Community of Madrid. Twenty-nine teachers (including principals) and two counselors agreed to participate. The process involved discussion groups, in-depth interviews, questionnaires about the training received, and analysis of documents (reports, stories, and projects). The results found that there is a positive influence on how students live together, their learning, emotional intelligence, and social relationships.

The research was designed to observe, describe and analyse elements of instruction and practice that define classrooms designed to reach all learners in a context of full inclusion. The authors’ focus has been the underlying daily practices of classroom teachers used to ensure high-quality, equitable and personalised instruction. A multiple-case-study approach was carried out, with the voluntary participation of seven schools at the kindergarten, elementary and high-school levels. Multiple data collection methods were utilised, including in-depth interviews and extended classroom observation. The results reveal the foundational practices of the school and classroom that make it possible to reach all learners, facilitating their success. The systemic supports and strategies that ensure that all learners are able to participate, learn and be part of the class community are also described, as well as complexities still present in the inclusion processes, especially in relation to support and curriculum.