An in silico study that featured the effect of starter cultures on the bioactivity and other health benefits of peptides in semi-hard cheese is presented in this contribution. Model Caciotta-type cheese samples were obtained in laboratory conditions in two variations. Sample A included starter cultures of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis and Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris. Sample B included starter cultures of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris, and a culture of lactobacilli Lacticaseibacillus casei. The in silico method showed that the peptides inhibited angiotensin-converting enzymes (ACE) and ipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-4), as well as possessed antioxidant properties. Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis and Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris had a greater effect on the formation of bioactive peptides.

Introduction. Meat processing enterprises are facing the problem of utilization of secondary products with a limited scope of application and a wide range of useful properties. One of the promising ways of slaughter-house by-product utilization is the production of biomaterials that can replace various tissues of a living organism. This review presents an analysis of the global biomaterials market, its volume, and possible ways of using secondary meat resources in various sectors of economy. Study objects and methods. The article represents some results of a desk research based on open sources, i.e. publications and Internet data portals. Results and discussion. One of the most important tasks of modern regenerative medicine is to develop fast and effective methods for the restoration of damaged or lost organs and tissue fragments. Its solution directly depends on new advanced biomaterials. Modern biocompatible materials are in great demand in such areas of medicine as orthopedics, ophthalmology, dentistry, general and cardiovascular surgery, restorative medicine, drug delivery, etc. Cosmetology is a rapidly evolving segment of medicine and depends on such biomaterials as hyaluronic acid and collagen. Russian biomedicine occupies 0.7% of the world market. However, the Russian segment is likely to grow and expand its range of biomaterials. Conclusion. The currently unused resources of meat industry can be an excellent source of valuable raw materials for the advanced biomedical structures used in tissue engineering. A wide variety of structures and properties of secondary resources can produce a wide range of biomaterials. The possibility of manufacturing matrices from internally sourced raw materials within one enterprise is particularly promising.

Bone gelatin is an important and irreplaceable item widely used in the food industry and pharmaceutical production; it is also widely used in tissue engineering and other spheres. Due to widespread use of gelatin it is necessary to search for new safe and effective technologies for bone gelatin production. This research represents the results of enzymatic-acid hydrolysis of raw material in the process of gelatin production. The article presents the results of hydrolysis analyzes, the results of the main quality parameters of the obtained gelatin samples; and the major technological scheme for gelatin production is proposed here. As result of developed technology of enzymatic-acid hydrolysis of bone raw material with the ratio of raw material mass to the volume of solvent (HCl 1M and pepsin with an enzymatic activity of 40 units) as 1:9, duration of exposure: 180 minutes (3 hours), at the stage of demineralization, liming and de-ashing, we obtained samples of gelatin at yield rate of 12.1% from the initial mass of raw materials, which is 6.9% higher in comparison with the lowest yield of gelatin according to the proposed schemes. It is shown that the samples have a high protein mass fraction 91.4%, and a low fat mass fraction 0.4%, the obtained results indicate the high technological qualities of the obtained gelatin sample, this is also confirmed by high strength of gel according to Bloom scale, which value varies within the range of 290 ± 0.7 units.

The article presents the main production problems in the production of edible gelatin. ways of optimizing the technological operations of demineralization, liming, deashing of bone raw materials, concentration and drying of gelatin broths are proposed.

The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that human activity has led to an increase in the anthropogenic impact on the environment. Various pollutants from a large number of discharges of municipal, industrial and medical wastewater are ubiquitous in the natural aquatic environment. Emerging pollutants are synthetic or naturally occurring chemicals or any microorganisms that are not normally monitored in the environment. But emerging pollutants may enter the environment and cause known or suspected adverse environmental or human health effects. The complexity of using traditional methods of natural water treatment is associated with the problems of scaling up treatment systems and regenerating or disposing of by-products. Most of the research on the purification of natural water bodies in recent years has focused on the use of phase change processes, including adsorption in various solid matrices and ion exchange, the use of membrane filtration, phytotechnology, chemical and biological treatment methods, and advanced oxidation processes. High efficiency is shown by adsorption purification of water bodies using combined natural filtration systems, in which physical processes of sorption and chemical processes of biodegradation are combined. An effective ecological and engineering solution is the restoration of freshwater bodies using artificially created floating wetlands. The advantage of biological methods as the most used and successful, due to their high efficiency and environmental friendliness, is shown. A review of current technologies available to remove emerging pollutants from water ecosystems showed that different physical, chemical and biological processes are involved. The development of scientific research on the prevalence of hazardous pollutants in the environment is the result of the increased attention of scientists to environmental problems aimed at promoting a more rational use of natural resources.