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Digital elevation models (DEMs) are the cornerstone for hydrological and geomorphological modeling. Herein, two Nile-tributary catchments (Wadi Al Rishrash and Wadi Atfeh) in Egypt are selected to examine the contribution of different DEMs to the accuracy of hydrological and geomorphological analyses in the hyper-arid Sahara. DEMs sources include: Advanced Land Observing Satellite-1 (ALOS) Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR) (12.5 m resolution), ALOS World 3D with 30 m resolution (AW3D30), Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER DEM with 30 m resolution) and the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM with 30 and 90 m resolution), in addition to topographic map-derived DEM (90 m resolution). Using a hypothetical uniformly-distributed 10 mm rainfall event, the estimated parameters, including: flow duration, time to peak and peak discharge rates, are almost similar for the different DEMs and thus technical aspects related to sources and resolutions of the datasets impose insignificant control on quantitative flash-flood analyses. Conversely, variations in geological and geomorphological characteristics of the catchments show more significant control on the hydrograph magnitudes as indicated by the different parameters of the two catchments. These findings indicate that understanding the geological and hydrological evolution of the catchment is essential for integrated management strategies of floods especially in the Saharan–Arabian deserts and in similar conditions of hyper-aridity and scarce in situ data worldwide.
Mohammed El Bastawesy; Omnia El Saadawy; Abotalib Z. Abotalib; Abdullah Othman; Maysa Taha; Ahmed Gaber. Examining the Impact of Different DEM Sources and Geomorphology on Flash Flood Analysis in Hyper-Arid Deserts. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 2021, 10, 431 .
AMA StyleMohammed El Bastawesy, Omnia El Saadawy, Abotalib Z. Abotalib, Abdullah Othman, Maysa Taha, Ahmed Gaber. Examining the Impact of Different DEM Sources and Geomorphology on Flash Flood Analysis in Hyper-Arid Deserts. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 2021; 10 (7):431.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammed El Bastawesy; Omnia El Saadawy; Abotalib Z. Abotalib; Abdullah Othman; Maysa Taha; Ahmed Gaber. 2021. "Examining the Impact of Different DEM Sources and Geomorphology on Flash Flood Analysis in Hyper-Arid Deserts." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 7: 431.
Contemporary cities continue to face significant geoenvironmental challenges due to constant rapid urbanization. Furthermore, the governments of cities worldwide are considering the green cities approach to convert their cities’ weaknesses into opportunities. The 2030 Saudi vision supports smart growth concepts, with a vision of speeding up economic growth while ensuring that natural assets strengthen the country’s foundations. The urban heat island (UHI) effect is a threatening phenomenon that increases the required cooling loads and negatively affects urban communities and the quality of life, especially in arid environments. This study integrates remote sensing and spatial network analysis to investigate the UHI using the distribution of land surface temperatures (LST) extracted from satellite data during both winter and summer seasons in Makkah city. We investigated and compared the UHIs in two districts, Al-Sharashef and AlEskan, representing the organic and deformed iron-grid with fragmented paralleled street networks, respectively. The spatial analysis of different LST maps, which were derived from Landsat-8 images revealed significant differences between the two case studies. The mean temperature for the AlEskan district was 1–1.5 °C higher than that of the Al-Sharshaf district. This difference can be attributed to the different urban fabrics between the two districts. Moreover, the zones that are currently under construction show relatively higher LST compared to residential zones. The research revealed that the organic/compact urban fabric is better than the deformed iron-grid urban fabric in mitigating the UHI. However, these results are specific to the test site; however, they emphasize the role of integration of remote sensing and spatial network analysis in urban planning. In light of these findings, we recommend integrating remote sensing-based LST analysis with spatial analysis of urban fabrics to better understand the causal effects of UHI, especially in cities located in desert environments. This can help mitigate the impact of projected global warming and contribute to improving the quality of urban life.
Mady Mohamed; Abdullah Othman; Abotalib Abotalib; Abdulrahman Majrashi. Urban Heat Island Effects on Megacities in Desert Environments Using Spatial Network Analysis and Remote Sensing Data: A Case Study from Western Saudi Arabia. Remote Sensing 2021, 13, 1941 .
AMA StyleMady Mohamed, Abdullah Othman, Abotalib Abotalib, Abdulrahman Majrashi. Urban Heat Island Effects on Megacities in Desert Environments Using Spatial Network Analysis and Remote Sensing Data: A Case Study from Western Saudi Arabia. Remote Sensing. 2021; 13 (10):1941.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMady Mohamed; Abdullah Othman; Abotalib Abotalib; Abdulrahman Majrashi. 2021. "Urban Heat Island Effects on Megacities in Desert Environments Using Spatial Network Analysis and Remote Sensing Data: A Case Study from Western Saudi Arabia." Remote Sensing 13, no. 10: 1941.
This study evaluates the geo-environmental impacts of ongoing rock-cutting activities on the environment and the health of the residents in Makkah city, Saudi Arabia. The total quantity of rock-cuttings from one site was estimated using satellite data, a special algorithm, and mathematical models as 280,000 m3, which represents a large amount of rock debris from one excavation site. These debris were ultimately dumped into arid valleys. Rock-cutting processes also release a high percentage of silica dust particles (crystalline silica) and, in some cases, radon and some radioactive elements that cause alarming air pollution. Air pollutants percentage (PM2.5) reached 624 ppm and noise levels were estimated as 81 dB, which is above the acceptable limits. The total radiation intensity in the rock-cutting process areas showed normal levels, in the range of 34 milli-Roentgen/h. Conversely, inhaled dust in Mina area ranged between 35 and 190 μg/m3. The results showed also that the silica concentrations in Mina area ranged between 0.8 and 14 μg/m3, with an average concentration of 7.8 μg/m3. Medical geological and geo-biological simulations of the air pollutant hazards on human enzymes showed a notable 3B75 co-crystal form, which was characterized as glycated human hemoglobin. The ground-penetrating radar (GPR) surveys at the rock-cutting sites showed cracks and joints in the subterranean layering near the excavated areas, which were most likely caused by rock-cutting processes.
Fathy Shaaban; Abdullah Othman; Turki Habeebullah; Mohamed Metwaly. Geo-environmental impact assessment of rock-cutting activities on the mountainous urban areas, western Saudi Arabia. Arabian Journal of Geosciences 2021, 14, 1 -13.
AMA StyleFathy Shaaban, Abdullah Othman, Turki Habeebullah, Mohamed Metwaly. Geo-environmental impact assessment of rock-cutting activities on the mountainous urban areas, western Saudi Arabia. Arabian Journal of Geosciences. 2021; 14 (8):1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFathy Shaaban; Abdullah Othman; Turki Habeebullah; Mohamed Metwaly. 2021. "Geo-environmental impact assessment of rock-cutting activities on the mountainous urban areas, western Saudi Arabia." Arabian Journal of Geosciences 14, no. 8: 1-13.
Sustainable water resources management in desert environment has yet to be reached due to the limited hydrological datasets under such extreme arid conditions. In the Eastern Sahara, the tectonic activity associated with the opening of the Red Sea adds more complexity to developing sustainable water management by creating multiple aquifers within subsided half-grabens along the Red Sea extension. To overcome these difficulties, a two-fold approach is adopted including integrated remote sensing and geoelectrical methods using Wadi Al-Ambagi watershed in the Eastern Desert of Egypt as a test site. First, the total discharge is estimated as 15.7 × 106 m3 following the application of a uniform storm of 10 mm effective precipitation, which exceeds the storage capacity of existing mitigation measures (5.5 × 106 m3), and thus additional dams are required. Second, the subsurface geometry of alluvium and sedimentary aquifers, within subsided blocks in the Arabian–Nubian shield (ANS), is delineated using 1D direct current and 2D electrical-resistivity tomography (ERT). Findings indicate that significant thicknesses of more than 80 m of permeable sedimentary units occur within the subsided blocks. Therefore, the scarce water resources can be managed by controlling the flash floods and suggesting proper dam sites at the location of thick alluvium and sedimentary rocks, where aquifers can be recharged representing a sustainable source for freshwater. The proposed approach is transferable and can be applied in similar arid rift-related watersheds in Saudi Arabia and worldwide.
Mohamed Attwa; Mohammed El Bastawesy; Dina Ragab; Abdullah Othman; Hamza M. Assaggaf; Abotalib Z. Abotalib. Toward an Integrated and Sustainable Water Resources Management in Structurally-Controlled Watersheds in Desert Environments Using Geophysical and Remote Sensing Methods. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4004 .
AMA StyleMohamed Attwa, Mohammed El Bastawesy, Dina Ragab, Abdullah Othman, Hamza M. Assaggaf, Abotalib Z. Abotalib. Toward an Integrated and Sustainable Water Resources Management in Structurally-Controlled Watersheds in Desert Environments Using Geophysical and Remote Sensing Methods. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (7):4004.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohamed Attwa; Mohammed El Bastawesy; Dina Ragab; Abdullah Othman; Hamza M. Assaggaf; Abotalib Z. Abotalib. 2021. "Toward an Integrated and Sustainable Water Resources Management in Structurally-Controlled Watersheds in Desert Environments Using Geophysical and Remote Sensing Methods." Sustainability 13, no. 7: 4004.
Many countries are concerned about how concentrations of outdoor air pollutants have decreased due to control measures aftermath of the COVID-19 outbreak. In Saudi Arabia, the measures started with suspending entry to Saudi Arabia on February 27, 2020, and ended with full prevention of Saudis for outdoor movement on April 2, 2020, until the back return to normal life by the start of September 2020. These measures are expected to impact air quality levels during this period by decreasing the concentrations of air pollutants. This paper investigates the major trends of ambient air pollution (SO2, NO2, CO, O3, and PM10), and maps the spatiotemporal variability of air pollutants in Makkah city, using a continuous air quality monitoring network (6 sites) during the pre-pandemic period. Findings indicate the presence of a significant decrease of concentration rates during the lockdown period, compared with the pre-pandemic period, by 26.34% for SO2, 28.99% for NO2, 26.24% for CO, 11.62% for O3, and 30.03% for PM10. Therefore, the vehicular traffic activities represent 25–30% of the total air pollution load in Makkah city. The COVID-19 lockdown conditions in Makkah provide a unique opportunity to evaluate the impact of the reduction of vehicular traffic activities on the air quality levels of Makkah city and similar mega-cities and introduce credible solutions to improve the conditions of the ambient environment and air quality in such settings.
Essam Morsy; Turki M. Habeebullah; Abdullah Othman. Assessing the air quality of megacities during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown: a case study from Makkah City, Saudi Arabia. Arabian Journal of Geosciences 2021, 14, 1 -12.
AMA StyleEssam Morsy, Turki M. Habeebullah, Abdullah Othman. Assessing the air quality of megacities during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown: a case study from Makkah City, Saudi Arabia. Arabian Journal of Geosciences. 2021; 14 (7):1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEssam Morsy; Turki M. Habeebullah; Abdullah Othman. 2021. "Assessing the air quality of megacities during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown: a case study from Makkah City, Saudi Arabia." Arabian Journal of Geosciences 14, no. 7: 1-12.
Makkah city is considered as a geologically transitional region that combines topographic and terrain features of the Sarawat Mountains to the east and the coastal plain of the Red Sea to the west and it is consisted of a semi-circular plateau cut by several structural valleys that were defined by faults and cracks. The surface runoff resulting from the rainstorms over the mountainous areas lead to the occurrence of flashfloods that debouch into the tributaries of valleys towards estuaries that encompass residential areas and municipal infrastructures. The present study assesses the negative impacts of flash floods on under-construction high-voltage towers in the valleys surrounding Makkah city using topographic analysis, Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) surveys and field checks. Topographic modeling was implemented to delineate risky zones that are vulnerable to flash floods at the intersections between major valleys in Wadi Numan and Wadi Al Sharaya Basins and high voltage power lines. The GPR results showed the presence of three geological layers of sedimentary rocks: the first surface layer (A) is composed of alluvial sediments of fine to coarse sand with a thickness of 2 m. Followed by the second layer (B) of sand and gravel, which attains 3 m thickness. The third layer (C) consists of alluvial sediments mixed with rock fragments (diorite and quartzite diorite) and extend to a depth of more than 10 m. The GPR sections indicated that the concrete tower bases are different in thickness and depth from site to other. Different protection measures for the tower bases were suggested to avoid the adverse impacts of the flash flood. The measures varied from site to site and included the establishment of soil barriers, implementation of rocky hills, the defensive collision nets system and the concrete walls system.
Fathy Shaaban; Abdullah Othman; Turki M. Habeebullah; Waleed A. El-Saoud. An integrated GPR and geoinformatics approach for assessing potential risks of flash floods on high-voltage towers, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Environmental Earth Sciences 2021, 80, 1 -15.
AMA StyleFathy Shaaban, Abdullah Othman, Turki M. Habeebullah, Waleed A. El-Saoud. An integrated GPR and geoinformatics approach for assessing potential risks of flash floods on high-voltage towers, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Environmental Earth Sciences. 2021; 80 (5):1-15.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFathy Shaaban; Abdullah Othman; Turki M. Habeebullah; Waleed A. El-Saoud. 2021. "An integrated GPR and geoinformatics approach for assessing potential risks of flash floods on high-voltage towers, Makkah, Saudi Arabia." Environmental Earth Sciences 80, no. 5: 1-15.
Silica nanotubes (SNTs) were utilized as a scaffold for designing a novel solid chemical sensor. The optical nanosensor was designed by direct immobilization of novel azo-chromophore with two carboxylic acid groups called (Z)-2-((2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl)terephthalic acid (azo-HNTA) onto the SNTs. Beer's law was obeyed in the ranges of 5–240 and 5–150 ppb for Pd2+ and Co2+ ions, with linear correlation coefficients of 0.999 and 0.971, respectively. The novel nanosensor presented high sensitivity for very low concentrations up to 1.10 × 10−7 mol L−1 (11.7 ppb for Pd2+). The proficiency of this chemosensor for utilizing as an adsorber was tested. The (azo-HNTA) sensor presented a very quick adsorption property for the elimination of Pd2+ and Co2+ ions without preconcentration. The capacities of adsorption were 69.83 and 161.03 mg/g for Pd2+ and Co2+ ions, respectively. Additionally, this nanosensor has efficient recognition and selective recovery of Pd2+ and Co2+ ions in E-wastes.
Khlood S. Abou-Melha; Gamil A.A. Al-Hazmi; Turki M. Habeebullah; Ismail Althagafi; Abdullah Othman; Nashwa M. El-Metwaly; Fathy Shaaban; Ahmed Shahat. Functionalized silica nanotubes with azo-chromophore for enhanced Pd2+ and Co2+ ions monitoring in E-wastes. Journal of Molecular Liquids 2021, 329, 115585 .
AMA StyleKhlood S. Abou-Melha, Gamil A.A. Al-Hazmi, Turki M. Habeebullah, Ismail Althagafi, Abdullah Othman, Nashwa M. El-Metwaly, Fathy Shaaban, Ahmed Shahat. Functionalized silica nanotubes with azo-chromophore for enhanced Pd2+ and Co2+ ions monitoring in E-wastes. Journal of Molecular Liquids. 2021; 329 ():115585.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKhlood S. Abou-Melha; Gamil A.A. Al-Hazmi; Turki M. Habeebullah; Ismail Althagafi; Abdullah Othman; Nashwa M. El-Metwaly; Fathy Shaaban; Ahmed Shahat. 2021. "Functionalized silica nanotubes with azo-chromophore for enhanced Pd2+ and Co2+ ions monitoring in E-wastes." Journal of Molecular Liquids 329, no. : 115585.
Flash flood hazard assessments, mitigation measures, and water harvesting efforts in desert environments are often challenged by data scarcity on the basin scale. The present study, using the Wadi Atfeh catchment as a test site, integrates remote sensing datasets with field and geoelectrical measurements to assess flash flood hazards, suggest mitigation measures, and to examine the recharge to the alluvium aquifer. The estimated peak discharge of the 13 March 2020 flood event was 97 m3/h, which exceeded the capacity of the culverts beneath the Eastern Military Highway (64 m3/h), and a new dam was suggested, where 75% of the catchment could be controlled. The monitoring of water infiltration into the alluvium aquifer using time-lapse electrical resistivity measurements along a fixed profile showed a limited connection between the wetted surficial sediments and the water table. Throughflow is probably the main source of recharge to the aquifer rather than vertical infiltration at the basin outlet. The findings suggest further measures to avoid the negative impacts of flash floods at the Wadi Atfeh catchment and similar basins in the Eastern Desert of Egypt. Furthermore, future hydrological studies in desert environments should take into consideration the major role of the throughflow in alluvium aquifer recharge.
Omnia El-Saadawy; Ahmed Gaber; Abdullah Othman; Abotalib Z. Abotalib; Mohammed El Bastawesy; Mohamed Attwa. Modeling Flash Floods and Induced Recharge into Alluvial Aquifers Using Multi-Temporal Remote Sensing and Electrical Resistivity Imaging. Sustainability 2020, 12, 10204 .
AMA StyleOmnia El-Saadawy, Ahmed Gaber, Abdullah Othman, Abotalib Z. Abotalib, Mohammed El Bastawesy, Mohamed Attwa. Modeling Flash Floods and Induced Recharge into Alluvial Aquifers Using Multi-Temporal Remote Sensing and Electrical Resistivity Imaging. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (23):10204.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOmnia El-Saadawy; Ahmed Gaber; Abdullah Othman; Abotalib Z. Abotalib; Mohammed El Bastawesy; Mohamed Attwa. 2020. "Modeling Flash Floods and Induced Recharge into Alluvial Aquifers Using Multi-Temporal Remote Sensing and Electrical Resistivity Imaging." Sustainability 12, no. 23: 10204.
Global warming and anticipated increase in rainfall frequency and magnitude are linked to enhanced rockfall activity worldwide. Arid environments, which currently receive limited amount of annual rainfall, will be particularly subject to frequent and unpredictable rockfall activity that can substantially jeopardize human lives and infrastructures. The main scope of this study is to assess the rockfall hazards in Thawr Mountain and Al-Azyziah district, western Saudi Arabia, using integrated field, geological, climatological and remote sensing datasets and modeling. Our findings indicated that: (1) there are general increasing trends of average annual precipitation and temperature for the period between 2009 and 2019, (2) inspection of multi-temporal satellite images between 2003 and 2017 showed rapid urban expansion, mainly through modification of hillslopes for urban development, which is expected to pose critical consequences on slope instability, (3) field investigations attributed rockfall activity to weathered exfoliated granodiorite hillslopes with abundant tension cracks and steep slopes, (4) slope degrees reached 79° with a general slope direction toward the urbanized areas, and (5) the rockfall motion was simulated along six profiles with dynamic urban areas along the termination of each profile, which showed that several blocks along the six profiles can reach the profile termination with medium intensity rockfall activity and kinetic energy ranges between 50 and 80 kj. The reported rockfall motion can threaten lives, houses and infrastructures. Therefore, protective precautions were suggested to prevent and mitigate the impact of rockfall activity along the studied profiles and similar areas in the mountainous western Arabian Peninsula.
Abdullah Othman; Fathy Shaaban; Abotalib Z. Abotalib; Waleed A. El-Saoud; Safwat S. Gabr; Turki Habeebullah; Doaa Hegazy. Hazard Assessment of Rockfalls in Mountainous Urban Areas, Western Saudi Arabia. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 2020, 46, 5717 -5731.
AMA StyleAbdullah Othman, Fathy Shaaban, Abotalib Z. Abotalib, Waleed A. El-Saoud, Safwat S. Gabr, Turki Habeebullah, Doaa Hegazy. Hazard Assessment of Rockfalls in Mountainous Urban Areas, Western Saudi Arabia. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering. 2020; 46 (6):5717-5731.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdullah Othman; Fathy Shaaban; Abotalib Z. Abotalib; Waleed A. El-Saoud; Safwat S. Gabr; Turki Habeebullah; Doaa Hegazy. 2020. "Hazard Assessment of Rockfalls in Mountainous Urban Areas, Western Saudi Arabia." Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 46, no. 6: 5717-5731.
Issaran oil field is a major heavy oil field in the Western shoreline of the Gulf of Suez, Egypt, which is facing challenges in field development and operations. Therefore, it is under development for many years to identify the required parameters to improve the quality of the produced oil. Identifying the source of groundwater mixing with heavy oil during the production process is a prerequisite. Geoelectric resistivity survey is suggested to identify aquifer characteristics, as well as the distribution of structural elements affecting the groundwater aquifer in Issaran oil field. A total of 94 Vertical Electrical Resistivity Soundings (VESs) were conducted to evaluate the groundwater aquifer. The recorded VESs were corrected and modeled to create two-dimensional profiles (2D) and areal contour maps throughout the studied site. Geoelectric modeling revealed five distinct resistivity subsurface layers. The top three layers are corresponding to dry friable gravelly sand and alluvial sediments of a total thickness of about 15–70 m and resistivity values ranging from 15 to 200 Ω m. The fourth layer represents the groundwater bearing horizon and is characterized by high degree of saline water saturation, where resistivity ranged from 0.5 to 15 Ω m. Finally, the lower stratigraphic layer is characterized by its relatively high resistivity (greater than 70 Ω m), and it is not observed through all the conducted VESs. The findings shows that the groundwater bearing horizon is structurally controlled and is mainly affected by the Red Sea structural regime, which could act as seawater passages to the oil field area.
Essam A. Morsy; Abdullah Othman. Assessing the impact of groundwater mixing and sea water intrusion on oil production in coastal oil fields using resistivity sounding methods. Arabian Journal of Geosciences 2020, 13, 1 -11.
AMA StyleEssam A. Morsy, Abdullah Othman. Assessing the impact of groundwater mixing and sea water intrusion on oil production in coastal oil fields using resistivity sounding methods. Arabian Journal of Geosciences. 2020; 13 (12):1-11.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEssam A. Morsy; Abdullah Othman. 2020. "Assessing the impact of groundwater mixing and sea water intrusion on oil production in coastal oil fields using resistivity sounding methods." Arabian Journal of Geosciences 13, no. 12: 1-11.
An integrated approach was developed to assess the sustainability, origin, age, evolution, and groundwater potential of large fossil aquifers using the Mega Aquifer System (MAS) (area: 2 × 106 km2) in the Arabian Peninsula as a test site. A two-step exercise was adopted, the sustainability of the MAS was first investigated through the analysis of GRACE data and land surface model (LSM) outputs. Then, integrated geochemical, remote sensing, and field studies were conducted to address the age, origin, hydrogeological setting, and evolution of the southern sections of the MAS (Rub Al Khali Aquifer System (RAKAS)), the area identified from the analysis of GRACE and LSMs as being the most suited for sustainable development. Analysis of GRACE and LSMs revealed: (1) the MAS central and northern sections are experiencing high groundwater extraction (6.6 km3/yr) and depletion rates (−2.8±0.8 km3 /yr) with minimum balancing potential through aquifer capture processes, yet sustainability could be achieved by reducing annual extraction by 2.8 km3, and (2) the MAS southern sections (Rub Al Khali Aquifer System (RAKAS)) are experiencing low groundwater depletion rates (eastern RAKAS: −1.8 ± 1.4 mm/yr) to steady-state conditions (western RAKAS: −0.73 ± 1.4 mm/yr). Geochemical, remote sensing, and field investigations over the RAKAS revealed: (1) the presence of west to east trending drainage networks and large-scale groundwater flow systems consistent with a meteoric source (precipitation over Red Sea Hills); (2) increasing 36Cl model ages along groundwater flow directions (up to 970,000 years), indicating aquifer recharge in wet Pleistocene periods; (3) progressive depletion in the O and H stable isotopic compositions of aquifers with increasing distance from the Red Sea Hills basement outcrops, indicating modest recharge during prevailing dry conditions; and (4) the presence of relatively fresh (TDS: 800 to 2,800 mg/L) and non-radioactive (226Ra + 228Ra < 0.185 Bq/kg) water in western RAKAS. Findings suggest that sustainable agricultural development is achievable at current extraction rates in western RAKAS and provide a replicable and cost-effective model.
Mohamed Sultan; Neil C. Sturchio; Saleh Alsefry; Mustafa K. Emil; Mohamed Ahmed; Karem Abdelmohsen; Mazen M. AbuAbdullah; Eugene Yan; Himanshu Save; Talal Alharbi; Abdullah Othman; Kyle Chouinard. Assessment of age, origin, and sustainability of fossil aquifers: A geochemical and remote sensing-based approach. Journal of Hydrology 2019, 576, 325 -341.
AMA StyleMohamed Sultan, Neil C. Sturchio, Saleh Alsefry, Mustafa K. Emil, Mohamed Ahmed, Karem Abdelmohsen, Mazen M. AbuAbdullah, Eugene Yan, Himanshu Save, Talal Alharbi, Abdullah Othman, Kyle Chouinard. Assessment of age, origin, and sustainability of fossil aquifers: A geochemical and remote sensing-based approach. Journal of Hydrology. 2019; 576 ():325-341.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohamed Sultan; Neil C. Sturchio; Saleh Alsefry; Mustafa K. Emil; Mohamed Ahmed; Karem Abdelmohsen; Mazen M. AbuAbdullah; Eugene Yan; Himanshu Save; Talal Alharbi; Abdullah Othman; Kyle Chouinard. 2019. "Assessment of age, origin, and sustainability of fossil aquifers: A geochemical and remote sensing-based approach." Journal of Hydrology 576, no. : 325-341.
Natural and human-induced groundwater dynamics in hyper-arid aquifers play a crucial role in the evolution of the landscape. The area overlying the Saq Aquifer, in particular the Al-Qassim area within the central part of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, has witnessed numerous land deformation (land subsidence and fissures) events throughout the last two decades. An integrated remote sensing and hydrogeologic approach is adapted to identify areas affected by the land deformation and also to better understand the role of human-induced groundwater dynamics in the formation of these deformation features. A fourfold approach was implemented including: (1) conducting field surveys to collect observations and validate the reported deformation features, (2) applying a spatial correlation in a GIS environment for the reported damaged locations together with surface and subsurface geological features and groundwater extraction. (3) extracting the subsidence rates using SBAS radar interferometric technique using ENVISAT data sets, and (4) correlating these subsidence rates spatially and temporally with GRACE mass variations data. The results show that high subsidence rates of − 5 to − 12 mm/year along a northwest–southeast direction coincident with areas witnessing a significant drawdown in the fossil groundwater levels (up to 150 m) and a depletion (−10.1 ± 1.2 mm/year) in GRACE-derived terrestrial water storage. Findings from the present study draw attention to the quick responses of landscapes to human-induced groundwater dynamics under hyper-arid conditions.
Abdullah Othman; Abotalib Z. Abotalib. Land subsidence triggered by groundwater withdrawal under hyper-arid conditions: case study from Central Saudi Arabia. Environmental Geology 2019, 78, 243 .
AMA StyleAbdullah Othman, Abotalib Z. Abotalib. Land subsidence triggered by groundwater withdrawal under hyper-arid conditions: case study from Central Saudi Arabia. Environmental Geology. 2019; 78 (7):243.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdullah Othman; Abotalib Z. Abotalib. 2019. "Land subsidence triggered by groundwater withdrawal under hyper-arid conditions: case study from Central Saudi Arabia." Environmental Geology 78, no. 7: 243.
Numerous land deformations (land subsidence and fissures) events have been reported from the Central part (Al Qassim) of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. An integrated approach (geo-informatics, geologic, and hydrogeology) is adapted to identify areas threatened and affected by land deformations, and also to evaluate the causes of these phenomena. A fourfold approach is applied in this research including; (1) Conducting field visits to collect observations, (2) Constructing spatial correlations in a GIS for the damaged locations which related to the registered spatial datasets (surface and subsurface geology) and temporal datasets (e.g., land use, groundwater extraction, distribution, depth and magnitude of earthquakes), (3) Extracting deformation rates (subsidence) using SBAS radar inter-ferometric technique using ENVISAT data sets, and (4) Correlating the extracted subsidence rates spatially and temporally with GRACE mass variations data. The SBAS investigation revealed high subsidence rates (−5 to −12 mm/yr) along a NW-SE direction, with some subsidence (−2 to −4) in the southwestern part of the study area. This subsidence is correlated with areas witnessing a huge drawdown in the fossil groundwater levels and a depletion in GRACE-derived TWS. Most earth fissures are located around the margins of the subsiding areas and are caused by bending beam activities surrounding the subsiding lands.
Abdullah Othman. Measuring and Monitoring Land Subsidence and Earth Fissures in Al-Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia: Inferences from InSAR. Plant-Microbes-Engineered Nano-particles (PM-ENPs) Nexus in Agro-Ecosystems 2018, 287 -291.
AMA StyleAbdullah Othman. Measuring and Monitoring Land Subsidence and Earth Fissures in Al-Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia: Inferences from InSAR. Plant-Microbes-Engineered Nano-particles (PM-ENPs) Nexus in Agro-Ecosystems. 2018; ():287-291.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdullah Othman. 2018. "Measuring and Monitoring Land Subsidence and Earth Fissures in Al-Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia: Inferences from InSAR." Plant-Microbes-Engineered Nano-particles (PM-ENPs) Nexus in Agro-Ecosystems , no. : 287-291.