Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are key components in the emergent cyber physical systems (CPSs). They may include hundreds of spatially distributed sensors which interact to solve complex tasks going beyond their individual capabilities. Due to the limited capabilities of sensors, sensor actions cannot meet CPS requirements while controlling and coordinating the operations of physical and engineered systems. To overcome these constraints, we explore the ecosystem metaphor for WSNs with the aim of taking advantage of the efficient adaptation behavior and communication mechanisms of living organisms. By mapping these organisms onto sensors and ecosystems onto WSNs, we highlight shortcomings that prevent WSNs from delivering the capabilities of ecosystems at several levels, including structure, topology, goals, communications, and functions. We then propose an agent-based architecture that migrates complex processing tasks outside the physical sensor network while incorporating missing characteristics of autonomy, intelligence, and context awareness to the WSN. Unlike existing works, we use software agents to map WSNs to natural ecosystems and enhance WSN capabilities to take advantage of bioinspired algorithms. We extend our architecture and propose a new intelligent CPS framework where several control levels are embedded in the physical system, thereby allowing agents to support WSNs technologies in enabling CPSs. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are key components in the emergent cyber physical systems (CPSs). They may include hundreds of spatially distributed sensors which interact to solve complex tasks going beyond their individual capabilities. Due to the limited capabilities of sensors, sensor actions cannot meet CPS requirements while controlling and coordinating the operations of physical and engineered systems. To overcome these constraints, we explore the ecosystem metaphor for WSNs with the aim of taking advantage of the efficient adaptation behavior and communication mechanisms of living organisms. By mapping these organisms onto sensors and ecosystems onto WSNs, we highlight shortcomings that prevent WSNs from delivering the capabilities of ecosystems at several levels, including structure, topology, goals, communications, and functions. We then propose an agent-based architecture that migrates complex processing tasks outside the physical sensor network while incorporating missing characteristics of autonomy, intelligence, and context awareness to the WSN. Unlike existing works, we use software agents to map WSNs to natural ecosystems and enhance WSN capabilities to take advantage of bioinspired algorithms. We extend our architecture and propose a new intelligent CPS framework where several control levels are embedded in the physical system, thereby allowing agents to support WSNs technologies in enabling CPSs.

Most of the research in sensor networks has focused on the energy problem at the expense of other aspects such as reliability, security, or semantics. The increasing number of applications has introduced new challenges and new requirements which require evolving from single purpose deployments to multiple goals. In this paper we do not propose a new multi-criteria protocol, but rather a generic routing framework which is flexible and easy to implement over multiple existing routing protocols. The chosen criteria are tightly coupled to the WSN requirements.

Web services have become a significant part of embedded systems as SCADA and internet applications embedded in RTU, because (WS) was XML/SOAP support, independent to platform and very simple to use, these advantages make (WS) vulnerable to many new and old security attacks. Now, it becomes easier to attack (WS) because their semantic data is publicly accessible in UDDI registry and (WS) use http protocol and the 80 TCP port as an open tunneling as a very big vulnerability. In this article we proposes new security solution for SCADA system, a new implementation of security protocols (SSL/TLS, IPSEC, HTTPS) and the WS-Security framework. In our solution implemented WS-Security framework optimized for SCADA in ten (10) steps, we use mixed coordinates ECC cryptography, we propose in this article our (Mixed-Coordinates-ECC) algorithm for optimizing the semantic security solution based on WS-Security framework and to adapt it to embedded complex systems as SCADA RTU using semantic distributed bloc (I/F/AV) and security ontology's.