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The purpose of the study was to describe the differences between the dominant and non-dominant leg regarding contractility response and quadriceps strength and the morphology and stiffness of the patellar tendon (PT) in a group of physically active men and women. Fifty physically active subjects (36 men and 14 women) were evaluated for morphology and stiffness of the PT, contractility response of the rectus femoris of the quadriceps, isometric strength of the quadriceps and hamstrings, and isokinetic strength (concentric and eccentric) at 60°/s of the knee extensors. The measurements were made on the subject’s dominant and non-dominant leg. The men showed a greater thickness of the PT in both legs compared to the women. Regarding the contractility response, the women recorded a 10.1 ± 16.2% (p = 0.038) greater contraction time (ct) in the dominant versus the non-dominant leg and the men recorded 11.9% (p = 0.040) higher values in the dominant leg compared to the women. In all the absolute strength measurements the men recorded higher values (p< 0.05) than the women, however, when the values were normalised with respect to the muscle mass of the leg these differences disappeared. The dominant leg showed values of isometric strength and eccentric strength at 60°/s (p< 0.05) greater than the non-dominant leg. The reference values provided in this study of the knee extensors and PT may be useful for detecting possible muscular or tendinous anomalies.
Pablo Abián; Fernando Martínez; Fernando Jiménez; Javier Abián-Vicén. Morphology of the Patellar Tendon and the Contractility Response of the Quadriceps: Symmetry and Gender Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 5309 .
AMA StylePablo Abián, Fernando Martínez, Fernando Jiménez, Javier Abián-Vicén. Morphology of the Patellar Tendon and the Contractility Response of the Quadriceps: Symmetry and Gender Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (10):5309.
Chicago/Turabian StylePablo Abián; Fernando Martínez; Fernando Jiménez; Javier Abián-Vicén. 2021. "Morphology of the Patellar Tendon and the Contractility Response of the Quadriceps: Symmetry and Gender Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 10: 5309.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the reliability of four methods of assessing vastus lateralis (VL) stiffness, and to describe the influence of structural characteristics on them. The stiffness of the dominant lower-limb’s VL was evaluated in 53 healthy participants (28.4 ± 9.1 years) with shear wave elastography (SWE), strain elastography (SE), myotonometry and tensiomyography (TMG). The SWE, SE and myotonometry were performed at 50%, and TMG was assessed at 30%, of the length from the upper pole of the patella to the greater trochanter. The thickness of the VL, adipose tissue and superficial connective tissue was also measured with ultrasound. Three repeated measurements were acquired to assess reliability, using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the relationships between methodologic assessments and between structural characteristics and stiffness assessments of the VL. Myotonometry (ICC = 0.93; 95%-CI = 0.89,0.96) and TMG (ICC = 0.89; 95%-CI = 0.82,0.94) showed excellent inter-day reliability whereas with SWE (ICC = 0.62; 95%-CI = 0.41,0.77) and SE (ICC = 0.71; 95%-CI = 0.57,0.81) reliability was moderate. Significant correlations were found between myotonometry and VL thickness (r = 0.361; p = 0.008), adipose tissue thickness (r = −0.459; p = 0.001) and superficial connective tissue thickness (r = 0.340; p = 0.013). Myotonometry and TMG showed the best reliability values, although myotonometry stiffness values were influenced by the structural variables of the supra-adjacent tissue.
Alfredo Bravo-Sánchez; Pablo Abián; Jorge Sánchez-Infante; Paula Esteban-Gacía; Fernando Jiménez; Javier Abián-Vicén. Objective Assessment of Regional Stiffness in Vastus Lateralis with Different Measurement Methods: A Reliability Study. Sensors 2021, 21, 3213 .
AMA StyleAlfredo Bravo-Sánchez, Pablo Abián, Jorge Sánchez-Infante, Paula Esteban-Gacía, Fernando Jiménez, Javier Abián-Vicén. Objective Assessment of Regional Stiffness in Vastus Lateralis with Different Measurement Methods: A Reliability Study. Sensors. 2021; 21 (9):3213.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlfredo Bravo-Sánchez; Pablo Abián; Jorge Sánchez-Infante; Paula Esteban-Gacía; Fernando Jiménez; Javier Abián-Vicén. 2021. "Objective Assessment of Regional Stiffness in Vastus Lateralis with Different Measurement Methods: A Reliability Study." Sensors 21, no. 9: 3213.
The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of dry needling (DN) in upper trapezius latent trigger points (LTrPs) on muscle stiffness. A total of 51 recreational physically active subjects with LTrPs in the upper trapezius volunteered to participate and were randomly divided into a DN-group (n = 27) and a sham-DN group (n = 24). Volunteers received 1-session of DN or placebo treatment. Muscle stiffness, measured with strain and shear-wave elastography, pressure pain threshold (PPT), post-needling soreness, and muscle thickness were evaluated before treatment, and at 30-min, 24-hours, and 72-hours follow-up after treatment. The DN-group showed lower values from baseline for muscle stiffness measured with shear-wave elastrography at 24-hours (from 44.44 ± 15.97 to 35.78 ± 11.65 kpa; P < .01) and at 72-hours (35.04 ± 12.61 kpa; P < .01) and with strain elastography at 72-hours (from 1.75 ± 0.50 to 1.36 ± 0.40 AU; P < .01). The DN-group showed higher values of PPT than the sham-DN group at 72-hours (4.23 ± 0.75 vs. 5.19 ± 1.16 kg/cm2; P < .05). There was a progressive decrease in post-needling soreness compared to pain during needling of 33.13 ± 21.31% at 30-min, 80.92 ± 10.06% at 24-hours, and a total decrease in post-needling soreness in all participants at 72-hours. DN therapy is effective in reducing short-term muscle stiffness and increasing the PPT in volunteers with LTrPs in the upper trapezius after a treatment session. Perspective This study found that one session of DN intervention in latent trigger points of the upper trapezius muscle reduced muscle stiffness and the pressure pain threshold for the dry needling group compared to the sham dry needling group.
Jorge Sánchez-Infante; Alfredo Bravo-Sánchez; Fernando Jiménez; Javier Abián-Vicén. Effects of Dry Needling on Muscle Stiffness in Latent Myofascial Trigger Points: A Randomized Controlled Trial. The Journal of Pain 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleJorge Sánchez-Infante, Alfredo Bravo-Sánchez, Fernando Jiménez, Javier Abián-Vicén. Effects of Dry Needling on Muscle Stiffness in Latent Myofascial Trigger Points: A Randomized Controlled Trial. The Journal of Pain. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJorge Sánchez-Infante; Alfredo Bravo-Sánchez; Fernando Jiménez; Javier Abián-Vicén. 2021. "Effects of Dry Needling on Muscle Stiffness in Latent Myofascial Trigger Points: A Randomized Controlled Trial." The Journal of Pain , no. : 1.
The purpose was to examine the effect of 6-week eccentric single-leg decline squat (SLDSe) training with two technical execution times (3 s or 6 s) on changes related to the structural properties of the vastus lateralis (VL) and patellar tendon (PT). Thirty-six physical active volunteers were randomly divided into three groups: control group (CG, n = 13, age = 20.8 ± 1.9 years, no intervention program), experimental group 1 (EG1, n = 11, age = 21.6 ± 2.5 years, execution time = 6 s) and experimental group 2 (EG2, n = 12, 21.1 ± 1.2 years, execution time = 3 s). Participants completed a 6-week SLDSe training program (80% of 1-RM) three days a week. The structural characteristics of the VL and the PT were measured with ultrasonography before and after 6-week SLDSe training and after 6 weeks of de-training. Our results indicate that EG1 increased ≈21.8% the thickness of the PT and EG2 increased ≈15.7% the thickness of the VL after the 6-week intervention program. EG1 and EG2 showed greater values (p < 0.05) of lean mass and lower values (p < 0.05) of fat percentage on the thigh after the intervention program. In conclusion, the SLDSe training carried out with the execution time of 6 s had greater effects on the structural and elastic properties of the PT, and the exercise with the execution time of 3 s caused greater structural adaptations in the VL musculature.
Pablo Abián; Fernando Martínez; Fernando Jiménez; Javier Abián-Vicén. Effects of Eccentric Single-Leg Decline Squat Exercise on the Morphological and Structural Properties of the Vastus Lateralis and Patellar Tendon. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 9410 .
AMA StylePablo Abián, Fernando Martínez, Fernando Jiménez, Javier Abián-Vicén. Effects of Eccentric Single-Leg Decline Squat Exercise on the Morphological and Structural Properties of the Vastus Lateralis and Patellar Tendon. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (24):9410.
Chicago/Turabian StylePablo Abián; Fernando Martínez; Fernando Jiménez; Javier Abián-Vicén. 2020. "Effects of Eccentric Single-Leg Decline Squat Exercise on the Morphological and Structural Properties of the Vastus Lateralis and Patellar Tendon." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 24: 9410.
Volleyball players and gymnasts need strength training to achieve their optimum sport performance. The aims of this study were to describe body composition, strength, performance, and characteristics of trunk muscle activation in volleyball players and gymnasts, and to analyze the differences between the sports. The sample consisted of 40 female athletes: rhythmic gymnasts (n = 24; age 13.95 ± 2.77 years) and volleyball players (n = 16; age 19.81 ± 5.55 years). Body composition, maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) of isometric tests in an isokinetic dynamometer, McGill core endurance test, and surface electromyography (EMGrms) of the trunk muscle during the McGill test and isometric tests were recorded. Rhythmic gymnasts presented lower body composition values than volleyball players (p < 0.05). The volleyball players presented higher isometric strength than rhythmic gymnasts in terms of MVC in trunk flexion (p < 0.05, d = 1.3) and trunk extension (p < 0.001, d = 1.3). EMGrms from the rhythmic gymnasts were greater for trunk flexor muscles (p < 0.01, d = 0.7) and trunk extensor muscles (p < 0.001, d = 1.3) during McGill endurance tests compared to the volleyball players. In the isometric test, EMGrms from the rhythmic gymnasts were greater for trunk flexor muscles in flexion (p < 0.01, d = 0.9) and extension tests (p < 0.05, d = 0.7). In conclusion, the volleyball players exhibited higher peak strength, despite the fact that the gymnasts showed greater muscle activity during the maximum voluntary contraction.
Paula Esteban-García; Jacobo Rubio-Arias; Javier Abián-Vicen; Jorge Sánchez-Infante; José Jiménez-Díaz. Core Stability and Electromyographic Activity of the Trunk Musculature in Different Woman’s Sports. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9880 .
AMA StylePaula Esteban-García, Jacobo Rubio-Arias, Javier Abián-Vicen, Jorge Sánchez-Infante, José Jiménez-Díaz. Core Stability and Electromyographic Activity of the Trunk Musculature in Different Woman’s Sports. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (23):9880.
Chicago/Turabian StylePaula Esteban-García; Jacobo Rubio-Arias; Javier Abián-Vicen; Jorge Sánchez-Infante; José Jiménez-Díaz. 2020. "Core Stability and Electromyographic Activity of the Trunk Musculature in Different Woman’s Sports." Sustainability 12, no. 23: 9880.
Resumen Los deportistas incorporan como complemento a su entrenamiento convencional, programas de entrenamiento en altitud para incrementar el rendimiento. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar los efectos sobre el umbral anaeróbico (Uan) producidos por un programa de entrenamiento en hipoxia intermitente (IHT) en triatletas. Participaron 18 triatletas divididos en un grupo de entrenamiento en hipoxia (GIHT: n=9; Edad: 26 ± 6.73 años; Talla 173.33 ± 5.94 cm; Peso: 66.38 ± 5.91 kg) y un grupo control (GC: n=9; Edad: 29.27 ± 6.84 años; Talla 174.89 ± 4.59 cm; Peso: 71.59 ± 6.81 Kg). Se aplicó un programa de IHT, complementario al entrenamiento habitual de 7 semanas al 15-14.5% de FiO2, 2 sesiones semanales de 60 minutos en cicloergómetro a la intensidad del Uan. Se llevó a cabo un test de umbrales lácticos previo y otro posterior al programa. El tratamiento propuesto produce un incremento en la potencia y el esfuerzo percibido en el Uan y disminuye la frecuencia cardiaca en el umbral aeróbico (Uae) y el Uan.PALABRAS CLAVE: Entrenamiento en Hipoxia Intermitente, altitud simulada, Umbral anaeróbico, Triatlón ABSTRACT Athletes include altitude training as a complement to their conventional training to improve performance. The aim of the study was to analyze the effects on anaerobic threshold (AT) produced by an IHT program in triathletes. 18 male trained triathletes were divided into intermittent hypoxic training group (GIHT: n=9; age: 26±6.73 years, height 173.33±5.94 cm, weight: 66.38±5.91 kg) and control group (GC: n=9; age: 29.27±6.84 years, height 174.89±4.59 cm, weight: 71.59±6.81 kg). The IHT program consisted of two 60-min sessions per week at intensities over the AT and atmospheric conditions between 14.5 and 15% FiO2. Before and after the program, cycling performance in a lactate thresholds test was determined. The treatment caused an improvement in the power output and perceived exertion in AT and enhanced cardiac performance in the aerobic threshold and AT.KEYWORDS: Intermittent Hypoxia Training, Simulated Altitude, Anaerobic Threshold, Triathlon.
Domingo Jesús Ramos-Campo; F. Martinez; P. Esteban; Jacobo Á. Rubio-Arias; J.F. Jiménez. Entrenamiento en hipoxia intermitente y rendimiento ciclista en triatletas / Intermittent hypoxic training and cycling performance in triathletes. Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte 2016, 61, 1 .
AMA StyleDomingo Jesús Ramos-Campo, F. Martinez, P. Esteban, Jacobo Á. Rubio-Arias, J.F. Jiménez. Entrenamiento en hipoxia intermitente y rendimiento ciclista en triatletas / Intermittent hypoxic training and cycling performance in triathletes. Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte. 2016; 61 (2016):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDomingo Jesús Ramos-Campo; F. Martinez; P. Esteban; Jacobo Á. Rubio-Arias; J.F. Jiménez. 2016. "Entrenamiento en hipoxia intermitente y rendimiento ciclista en triatletas / Intermittent hypoxic training and cycling performance in triathletes." Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte 61, no. 2016: 1.