The contamination of the surface water of lagoons is a common problem in developing countries, and can affect fishing activities. A case study was conducted on water quality and microbiological contamination of the fishing marketing chain in the Peruvian Amazon (Laguna de Yarinacocha). The microbiological, physical–chemical and parasitological parameters of the surface water were evaluated in three points of the lagoon near the landing stage; and microbiological parameters of facilities, handlers and three species of fish (Prochilodus nigricans, Mylossoma duriventre and Siluriforme spp.). In the water, there were coliform counts ≥ 23 (Most probable number—MPN)/100 mL, Escherichia coli ≥ 3.6 MPN/100 mL, and Pseudomona spp. up to 2.2 MPN/100 mL; high turbidity and variable amounts of parasites. In facilities and handlers, high levels of coliforms, mainly Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, were found in M. duriventre meat. A poor quality of the surface water of the lagoon is concluded that compromises part of the fishing marketing chain, mainly facilities and manipulators. Furthermore, the levels of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in fish meat show poor handling practices and possible risk of contamination by water sources.

Identificación morfológica de Culicoides spp descritos como transmisores de Orbivirus, capturados en granjas de ovinos en Pucallpa, Perú

This study evaluates the effects of dietary lipid levels on growth performance, hematological health, and muscle composition of juvenile Arapaima gigas. We tested five isonitrogenous diets (451.7 g kg⁻¹ of crude protein) with increasing lipid levels (6%, 10%, 14%, 18%, and 22%). A total of 600 juvenile A. gigas (80.0 ± 10.5 g; 21.8 ± 1.0 cm) were distributed into 20 tanks (500 L; n = 4; 30 fish per tank) in an indoor open system. The fish were fed to apparent satiety four times daily for 60 days. As dietary lipid levels increased, all growth parameters and lipid content in both the whole body and muscle declined. The diet containing 6% lipids resulted in the maximum final weight, weight gain, feed intake, and the lowest feed conversion rate. However, a maximum lipid level of up to 10.26%, with a gross energy-to-protein ratio of 10.15 kcal g⁻¹ in the diet, as determined through polynomial regression analysis, can be used for juvenile A. gigas without significantly affecting weight gain. Diets with high lipid content (18% and 22% lipids) resulted in the lowest survival rates, highest feed conversion rates, lowest condition factor, visible skeletal protrusions, scale depigmentation, and impaired blood biochemistry. The content of eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, n-3, and the n-3:n-6 ratio increased in the muscle lipid fraction (mg g⁻¹ of total lipids) in response to higher dietary lipid levels; however, this does not represent an overall improvement in the meat quality, since the total lipid content in the muscle (g of lipid per 100 g of muscle) was reduced due to impaired growth in fish fed high-lipid diets. Notably, the experimental diets also differed in fatty acid composition, which may have influenced some of the physiological and compositional responses observed. Diets with 6% lipids are recommended to provide optimal growth performance, and a maximum dietary lipid level of up to 10.26% is advised to ensure successful A. gigas farming without impairing weight gain.

The aim of this study was to determine the evolution of infestation by monogeneans of the Dactylogiridae family in gills of tambaqui fry (Colossoma macropomum) raised in cages in an artificial and semi-natural aquatic environment. In total, 120 45-day-old fingerlings were evaluated with an average weight of 3.05 + 0.58 g, and an average total length of 5.23 + 0.51 cm. The fish were distributed in two floating cages (60 fingerlings per cage), the first located in an earthen pond in a semi-intensive breeding farm (artificial environment), and the second in a reservoir (semi-natural environment). Both groups received a similar diet. The qualitative degrees of infestation considered were mild, moderate and severe, according to the number of monogeneans parasites found in the gill sections evaluated by direct microscopy. The fingerlings were free of the parasitic infestation at the beginning of the experiment, later 12 specimens were evaluated per group at 15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 days. At day 15, the infestation increased to a mild degree in the semi-natural environment and continued as negative in the artificial environment; later on they became mild in both media, until the end of the experiment, with no significant difference between degrees of infestation in both groups. It is concluded that both aquatic environments do not represent a risk for the development of moderate or severe infestations by monogeneans in gills that affect populations of tambaqui fry.

El objetivo del estudio fue caracterizar las medidas de bioseguridad de las granjas avícolas ubicadas en la provincia de Coronel Portillo, Ucayali - Perú. Se evaluaron 53 granjas distribuidas en los distritos de Campo Verde, Yarinacocha, Manantay, Callería y Nueva Requena mediante una encuesta al encargado del establecimiento. Los datos recolectados fueron verificados visualmente y a través de registros. Las medidas de bioseguridad se evaluaron de acuerdo con el cumplimiento, siendo 1 = cumplió y 0 = no cumplió. Veintinueve granjas se encontraban en vacío sanitario, por lo cual no se obtuvieron los datos de uniformidad de los lotes y del manejo de alimento. Dentro de las siete medidas de bioseguridad obligatorias, todas las granjas contaban con un programa de desinfección y el 98.1% con un sistema de disposición de aves muertas; sin embargo, ninguna granja cumplió con las siete medidas, siendo el mayor problema la falta de capacitación del personal, donde solo el 15.1% de granjas lo cumplía. Las medidas de bioseguridad complementarias fueron cumplidas en forma variable entre las granjas y entre los distritos.