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The treatment and hydrometallurgical recovery of Pb from zinc leaching residue (ZLR), a waste stream generated by the zinc refining process, is proposed in this work. Leaching achieved complete extraction of Pb (140 mg g–1) within 24 h contact time using a 0.8 M sodium citrate solution. The batch leaching process that operates at ambient temperature results in a pregnant leachate solution of dissolved lead citrate. Pb is recovered from the dissolved organometal complex as a precipitate of PbSO4 after chemical reaction in acidic conditions that are maintained through continuous membrane electrolysis. In addition, an alkaline buffer is generated at the cell cathode to regenerate the leachate, so that the recycled lixiviant can be used in consequent leaching steps. Characterization of the final product by XRD, ICP-AES, and Raman spectroscopy identified an amorphous PbSO4 phase with traces of lead citrate. The overall purity of Pb is 46 ± 4%, representing a 3.3 fold concentration of ZLR. The integrated process is capable to treat ZLR sustainably. It can resolve the need for landfilling the mineral tailing and treat historic dump sites, respecting the zero-waste rationale, while also recovering raw material from a secondary source.
Karel Folens; Adam J. Williamson; Kylian Van Damme; Pieter Ostermeyer; Cristina García Timermans; Gijs Du Laing; Nico Boon; Tom Hennebel. Citrate-Mediated Hydrometallurgical Lead Extraction and Integrated Electrochemical Recovery from Zinc Leaching Residue. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 2021, 9, 9282 -9288.
AMA StyleKarel Folens, Adam J. Williamson, Kylian Van Damme, Pieter Ostermeyer, Cristina García Timermans, Gijs Du Laing, Nico Boon, Tom Hennebel. Citrate-Mediated Hydrometallurgical Lead Extraction and Integrated Electrochemical Recovery from Zinc Leaching Residue. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. 2021; 9 (28):9282-9288.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarel Folens; Adam J. Williamson; Kylian Van Damme; Pieter Ostermeyer; Cristina García Timermans; Gijs Du Laing; Nico Boon; Tom Hennebel. 2021. "Citrate-Mediated Hydrometallurgical Lead Extraction and Integrated Electrochemical Recovery from Zinc Leaching Residue." ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 9, no. 28: 9282-9288.
Multicoloured luminescence and long-lived blue-shifted afterglow have been obtained in a europium-doped hydrogen-bonded organic framework (HOF). The material displays multi-stimuli responsive emission with anticounterfeiting application potential.
Chaoqing Yang; Flavia Artizzu; Karel Folens; Gijs Du Laing; Rik Van Deun. Excitation dependent multicolour luminescence and colour blue-shifted afterglow at room-temperature of europium incorporated hydrogen-bonded multicomponent frameworks. Journal of Materials Chemistry C 2021, 9, 7154 -7162.
AMA StyleChaoqing Yang, Flavia Artizzu, Karel Folens, Gijs Du Laing, Rik Van Deun. Excitation dependent multicolour luminescence and colour blue-shifted afterglow at room-temperature of europium incorporated hydrogen-bonded multicomponent frameworks. Journal of Materials Chemistry C. 2021; 9 (22):7154-7162.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChaoqing Yang; Flavia Artizzu; Karel Folens; Gijs Du Laing; Rik Van Deun. 2021. "Excitation dependent multicolour luminescence and colour blue-shifted afterglow at room-temperature of europium incorporated hydrogen-bonded multicomponent frameworks." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 9, no. 22: 7154-7162.
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for humans and animals with a narrow window between deficiency and toxicity levels. Application of conventional chemical Se fertilizers to increase the Se content of crops in Se deficient areas could result in environmental contamination due to the fast leaching of inorganic Se. Slow-release Se-enriched biofertilizers produced from wastewater treatment may therefore be beneficial. In this study, the potential of Se-enriched biomaterials (sludge and duckweed) as slow-release Se biofertilizers was evaluated through pot experiments with and without planted green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). The Se concentration in the bean tissues was 1.1–3.1 times higher when soils were amended with Se-enriched sludge as compared to Se-enriched duckweed. The results proved that the Se released from Se-enriched biomaterials was efficiently transformed to health-beneficial selenoamino acids (e.g., Se-methionine, 76–89%) after being taken up by beans. The Se-enriched sludge, containing mainly elemental Se, is considered as the preferred slow-release Se biofertilizer and an effective Se source to produce Se-enriched crops for Se-deficient populations, as shown by the higher Se bioavailability and lower organic carbon content. This study could offer a theoretical reference to choose an environmental-friendly and sustainable alternative to conventional mineral Se fertilizers for biofortification, avoiding the problem of Se losses by leaching from chemical Se fertilizers while recovering resources from wastewater. This could contribute to the driver for a future circular economy.
Jun Li; Lila Otero-Gonzalez; Amelia Parao; Pieter Tack; Karel Folens; Ivet Ferrer; Piet N.L. Lens; Gijs Du Laing. Valorization of selenium-enriched sludge and duckweed generated from wastewater as micronutrient biofertilizer. Chemosphere 2021, 281, 130767 .
AMA StyleJun Li, Lila Otero-Gonzalez, Amelia Parao, Pieter Tack, Karel Folens, Ivet Ferrer, Piet N.L. Lens, Gijs Du Laing. Valorization of selenium-enriched sludge and duckweed generated from wastewater as micronutrient biofertilizer. Chemosphere. 2021; 281 ():130767.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJun Li; Lila Otero-Gonzalez; Amelia Parao; Pieter Tack; Karel Folens; Ivet Ferrer; Piet N.L. Lens; Gijs Du Laing. 2021. "Valorization of selenium-enriched sludge and duckweed generated from wastewater as micronutrient biofertilizer." Chemosphere 281, no. : 130767.
Three nano-sized Periodic Mesoporous Organosilicas (PMOs) were synthesized and post-modification was employed to two PMOs to introduce Ln3+ coordination sites. Two PMOs (DPA-PMO and ePMO) showed characteristic NIR (Nd3+, Yb3+) emission.
Wanlu Liu; Anna M. Kaczmarek; Karel Folens; Gijs Du Laing; Pascal Van Der Voort; Rik Van Deun. Rational design of lanthanide nano periodic mesoporous organosilicas (Ln-nano-PMOs) for near-infrared emission. Dalton Transactions 2021, 50, 2774 -2781.
AMA StyleWanlu Liu, Anna M. Kaczmarek, Karel Folens, Gijs Du Laing, Pascal Van Der Voort, Rik Van Deun. Rational design of lanthanide nano periodic mesoporous organosilicas (Ln-nano-PMOs) for near-infrared emission. Dalton Transactions. 2021; 50 (8):2774-2781.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWanlu Liu; Anna M. Kaczmarek; Karel Folens; Gijs Du Laing; Pascal Van Der Voort; Rik Van Deun. 2021. "Rational design of lanthanide nano periodic mesoporous organosilicas (Ln-nano-PMOs) for near-infrared emission." Dalton Transactions 50, no. 8: 2774-2781.
Two of the most persistent challenges for the high‐end application of luminescent lanthanide (Ln) compounds are a low quantum yield and luminescence quenching caused by a liquid medium. In this work, a type of polymeric hydrogen‐bonded heptazine framework is developed incorporating trivalent europium ions (P‐HHF‐Eu) via a low‐cost and facile low‐temperature thermal condensation reaction. Structural characterization clearly reveals that the solid‐phase pyrolyzation reaction results in the formation of P‐HHF‐Eu. Using time‐resolved and steady state photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopies, the photophysics and photochemistry of P‐HHF‐Eu at different hydration degrees are investigated and the role of hydrogen bonding in the significant enhancement of the emission properties is demonstrated. Furthermore, the P‐HHF‐Eu particles suspended in polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel exhibit excellent luminescence stability with a high PL quantum yield of up to ≈46% and wavelength responsive color‐tunable emission, which holds potential for security applications.
Chaoqing Yang; Karel Folens; Gijs Du Laing; Flavia Artizzu; Rik Van Deun. Improved Quantum Yield and Excellent Luminescence Stability of Europium‐Incorporated Polymeric Hydrogen‐Bonded Heptazine Frameworks Due to an Efficient Hydrogen‐Bonding Effect. Advanced Functional Materials 2020, 30, 1 .
AMA StyleChaoqing Yang, Karel Folens, Gijs Du Laing, Flavia Artizzu, Rik Van Deun. Improved Quantum Yield and Excellent Luminescence Stability of Europium‐Incorporated Polymeric Hydrogen‐Bonded Heptazine Frameworks Due to an Efficient Hydrogen‐Bonding Effect. Advanced Functional Materials. 2020; 30 (39):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChaoqing Yang; Karel Folens; Gijs Du Laing; Flavia Artizzu; Rik Van Deun. 2020. "Improved Quantum Yield and Excellent Luminescence Stability of Europium‐Incorporated Polymeric Hydrogen‐Bonded Heptazine Frameworks Due to an Efficient Hydrogen‐Bonding Effect." Advanced Functional Materials 30, no. 39: 1.
Many metal refining processes generate low-grade mineral residues that are typically stored on landfills and responsible for inefficient land-use. While being of environmental concern, residual metals contained in these wastes can become an interesting secondary resource. A novel bio-hydrometallurgical route for recovery of Zn from such waste residues to a highly pure resource is proposed. The use of microbiologically produced citric acid for extraction of Zn was optimized by varying the lixiviant pH and contact time so to achieve maximal Zn recovery against minimal co-extraction of Fe. Bioleaching with 0.2 M citric acid at pH 2.9 can extract 12.5 mg g−1 Zn from the iron oxide residue. Compared to inorganic acids commonly used in extraction and non-microbially produced citric acid, almost no iron was dissolved by the biogenic extractant. Hence, optimal selectivity in favor of Zn was achieved, especially at short contact times. Integration of bioleaching in a continuous percolating column to a coupled electrodialysis system could subsequently separate Zn from the leachate solution to a purity of 76 m%.
Adam J. Williamson; Karel Folens; Kylian Van Damme; Oludotun Olaoye; Thomas Abo Atia; Bernd Mees; Nina Ricci Nicomel; Florian Verbruggen; Jeroen Spooren; Nico Boon; Tom Hennebel; Gijs Du Laing. Conjoint bioleaching and zinc recovery from an iron oxide mineral residue by a continuous electrodialysis system. Hydrometallurgy 2020, 195, 105409 .
AMA StyleAdam J. Williamson, Karel Folens, Kylian Van Damme, Oludotun Olaoye, Thomas Abo Atia, Bernd Mees, Nina Ricci Nicomel, Florian Verbruggen, Jeroen Spooren, Nico Boon, Tom Hennebel, Gijs Du Laing. Conjoint bioleaching and zinc recovery from an iron oxide mineral residue by a continuous electrodialysis system. Hydrometallurgy. 2020; 195 ():105409.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAdam J. Williamson; Karel Folens; Kylian Van Damme; Oludotun Olaoye; Thomas Abo Atia; Bernd Mees; Nina Ricci Nicomel; Florian Verbruggen; Jeroen Spooren; Nico Boon; Tom Hennebel; Gijs Du Laing. 2020. "Conjoint bioleaching and zinc recovery from an iron oxide mineral residue by a continuous electrodialysis system." Hydrometallurgy 195, no. : 105409.
With an increasing number of low-grade primary ores starting to be cost-effectively mined, we are at the verge of mining a myriad of low-grade primary and secondary mineral materials. At the same time, mining practices and mineral waste recycling are both evolving towards sustainable near-zero-waste processing of low-grade resources within a circular economy that requires a shift in business models, policies and improvements in process technologies. This review discusses the evolution towards low-grade primary ore and secondary raw material mining that will allow for sufficient supply of critical raw materials as well as base metals. Seven low-grade ores, including primary (Greek and Polish laterites) and secondary (fayalitic slags, jarosite and goethite sludges, zinc-rich waste treatment sludge and chromium-rich neutralisation sludge) raw materials are discussed as typical examples for Europe. In order to treat diverse and complex low-grade ores efficiently, the use of a new metallurgical systems toolbox is proposed, which is populated with existing and innovative unit operations: (i) mineral processing, (ii) metal extraction, (iii) metal recovery and (iv) matrix valorisation. Several promising novel techniques are under development for these four unit-operations. From an economical and environmental point of view, such processes must be fitted into new (circular) business models, whereby impacts and costs are divided over the entire value chain. Currently, low-grade secondary raw material processing is only economic and environmentally beneficial when the mineral residues can be valorised and landfill costs are avoided and/or incentives for waste processing can be taken into account.
Jeroen Spooren; Koen Binnemans; Johanna Björkmalm; Koen Breemersch; Yoko Dams; Karel Folens; María González-Moya; Liesbeth Horckmans; Konstantinos Komnitsas; Witold Kurylak; Maria Lopez; Jarno Mäkinen; Silviana Onisei; Koen Oorts; Arne Peys; Grzegorz Pietek; Yiannis Pontikes; Ruben Snellings; María Tripiana; Jeet Varia; Karin Willquist; Lourdes Yurramendi; Päivi Kinnunen. Near-zero-waste processing of low-grade, complex primary ores and secondary raw materials in Europe: technology development trends. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 2020, 160, 104919 .
AMA StyleJeroen Spooren, Koen Binnemans, Johanna Björkmalm, Koen Breemersch, Yoko Dams, Karel Folens, María González-Moya, Liesbeth Horckmans, Konstantinos Komnitsas, Witold Kurylak, Maria Lopez, Jarno Mäkinen, Silviana Onisei, Koen Oorts, Arne Peys, Grzegorz Pietek, Yiannis Pontikes, Ruben Snellings, María Tripiana, Jeet Varia, Karin Willquist, Lourdes Yurramendi, Päivi Kinnunen. Near-zero-waste processing of low-grade, complex primary ores and secondary raw materials in Europe: technology development trends. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 2020; 160 ():104919.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJeroen Spooren; Koen Binnemans; Johanna Björkmalm; Koen Breemersch; Yoko Dams; Karel Folens; María González-Moya; Liesbeth Horckmans; Konstantinos Komnitsas; Witold Kurylak; Maria Lopez; Jarno Mäkinen; Silviana Onisei; Koen Oorts; Arne Peys; Grzegorz Pietek; Yiannis Pontikes; Ruben Snellings; María Tripiana; Jeet Varia; Karin Willquist; Lourdes Yurramendi; Päivi Kinnunen. 2020. "Near-zero-waste processing of low-grade, complex primary ores and secondary raw materials in Europe: technology development trends." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 160, no. : 104919.
Chitosan biosorbents for the recovery of palladium and platinum from aqueous waste streams.
Stein Mincke; Tsegaye Grima Asere; Ivar Verheye; Karel Folens; Flore Vanden Bussche; Linsey Lapeire; Kim Verbeken; Pascal Van Der Voort; Dejene A. Tessema; Fekadu Fufa; Gijs Du Laing; Christian V. Stevens. Functionalized chitosan adsorbents allow recovery of palladium and platinum from acidic aqueous solutions. Green Chemistry 2019, 21, 2295 -2306.
AMA StyleStein Mincke, Tsegaye Grima Asere, Ivar Verheye, Karel Folens, Flore Vanden Bussche, Linsey Lapeire, Kim Verbeken, Pascal Van Der Voort, Dejene A. Tessema, Fekadu Fufa, Gijs Du Laing, Christian V. Stevens. Functionalized chitosan adsorbents allow recovery of palladium and platinum from acidic aqueous solutions. Green Chemistry. 2019; 21 (9):2295-2306.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStein Mincke; Tsegaye Grima Asere; Ivar Verheye; Karel Folens; Flore Vanden Bussche; Linsey Lapeire; Kim Verbeken; Pascal Van Der Voort; Dejene A. Tessema; Fekadu Fufa; Gijs Du Laing; Christian V. Stevens. 2019. "Functionalized chitosan adsorbents allow recovery of palladium and platinum from acidic aqueous solutions." Green Chemistry 21, no. 9: 2295-2306.
A novel type of Tb3+/Eu3+ grafted melamine cyanurate hydrogen-bonded triazine framework phosphor (MCA:Ln) has been successfully obtained through an improved co-precipitation route.
Chaoqing Yang; Anna M. Kaczmarek; Karel Folens; Gijs Du Laing; Henk Vrielinck; Samira Khelifi; Kai Li; Rik Van Deun. Lanthanide-centered luminescence evolution and potential anti-counterfeiting application of Tb3+/Eu3+ grafted melamine cyanurate hydrogen-bonded triazine frameworks. Materials Chemistry Frontiers 2018, 3, 579 -586.
AMA StyleChaoqing Yang, Anna M. Kaczmarek, Karel Folens, Gijs Du Laing, Henk Vrielinck, Samira Khelifi, Kai Li, Rik Van Deun. Lanthanide-centered luminescence evolution and potential anti-counterfeiting application of Tb3+/Eu3+ grafted melamine cyanurate hydrogen-bonded triazine frameworks. Materials Chemistry Frontiers. 2018; 3 (4):579-586.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChaoqing Yang; Anna M. Kaczmarek; Karel Folens; Gijs Du Laing; Henk Vrielinck; Samira Khelifi; Kai Li; Rik Van Deun. 2018. "Lanthanide-centered luminescence evolution and potential anti-counterfeiting application of Tb3+/Eu3+ grafted melamine cyanurate hydrogen-bonded triazine frameworks." Materials Chemistry Frontiers 3, no. 4: 579-586.
Critical and precious metals are essential in many modern applications. While their natural sources are depleting, one must adapt to guarantee a reliable supply by developing new and optimizing existing techniques to recover the elements from unexplored material flows. The aquatic phase is of great meaning to this issue, as migration from solid to liquid streams is ubiquitous during industrial manipulation of the raw materials. The resulting (waste) waters are characterized by low concentrations and varying chemical composition. Hence, hydrometallurgical technologies should cope with such specific system conditions and physico-chemical properties of critical and precious metals when elaborating a recovery strategy. This review provides an overview of the present status and outlook on technologies used to recover critical metals from solution, including cementation, precipitation, reduction, ion exchange, solvent extraction, electrochemical methods and adsorption onto novel, sustainable materials. Special attention is given to adsorption technology, which is considered as one of the most promising metal recovery options owing to its facile implementation, low cost, high availability and high removal efficiencies even at low target metal concentrations. Key directions are suggested to tackle existing challenges in the field of resource recovery and improve the sustainability of future material cycling.
Jeffrey Paulo H. Perez; Karel Folens; Karen Leus; Frank Vanhaecke; Pascal Van Der Voort; Gijs Du Laing. Progress in hydrometallurgical technologies to recover critical raw materials and precious metals from low-concentrated streams. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 2018, 142, 177 -188.
AMA StyleJeffrey Paulo H. Perez, Karel Folens, Karen Leus, Frank Vanhaecke, Pascal Van Der Voort, Gijs Du Laing. Progress in hydrometallurgical technologies to recover critical raw materials and precious metals from low-concentrated streams. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 2018; 142 ():177-188.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJeffrey Paulo H. Perez; Karel Folens; Karen Leus; Frank Vanhaecke; Pascal Van Der Voort; Gijs Du Laing. 2018. "Progress in hydrometallurgical technologies to recover critical raw materials and precious metals from low-concentrated streams." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 142, no. : 177-188.
This study examined the solid-liquid distribution of 14.8-nm Ag and 6.2-nm CeO2 nanoparticles in soil suspensions and compared it to that of Ag+ and Ce3+ ions, to better understand their environmental behaviour and fate. After 24 h incubation, more than 51% or 29% of the spiked amounts of Ag or CeO2 nanoparticles, respectively, can be retrieved in the liquid phase of (re)suspended soils. The Ag or Ce concentration remaining in solution depends on the incubation time and was influenced by soil properties. Significant correlations are obtained between, on the one hand, the relative amounts of Ag or CeO2 nanoparticles in suspension and the soil-pH, CEC, texture, suspended matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, TOC and main and trace elements content on the other hand. The presence of dissolved natural organic matter stabilizes CeO2 nanoparticles in the aqueous phase. In soil suspensions, Ag+ and Ce3+ ions seemingly interact more strongly with soil constituents compared to their nanoparticle counterparts, rendering the Ag and CeO2 nanoparticles to be more stable and potentially bioavailable.
Frederik Van Koetsem; Gebeyehu Sebsibie Woldetsadik; Karel Folens; Jörg Rinklebe; Gijs Du Laing. Partitioning of Ag and CeO2 nanoparticles versus Ag and Ce ions in soil suspensions and effect of natural organic matter on CeO2 nanoparticles stability. Chemosphere 2018, 200, 471 -480.
AMA StyleFrederik Van Koetsem, Gebeyehu Sebsibie Woldetsadik, Karel Folens, Jörg Rinklebe, Gijs Du Laing. Partitioning of Ag and CeO2 nanoparticles versus Ag and Ce ions in soil suspensions and effect of natural organic matter on CeO2 nanoparticles stability. Chemosphere. 2018; 200 ():471-480.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrederik Van Koetsem; Gebeyehu Sebsibie Woldetsadik; Karel Folens; Jörg Rinklebe; Gijs Du Laing. 2018. "Partitioning of Ag and CeO2 nanoparticles versus Ag and Ce ions in soil suspensions and effect of natural organic matter on CeO2 nanoparticles stability." Chemosphere 200, no. : 471-480.
Elevated platinum (Pt) concentrations are found in road dust as a result of emissions from catalytic converters in vehicles. This study investigates the occurrence of Pt in road dust collected in Ghent (Belgium) and Gothenburg (Sweden). Total Pt contents, determined by tandem ICP-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS/MS), were in the range of 5 to 79ngg, comparable to the Pt content in road dust of other medium-sized cities. Further sample characterization was performed by single particle (sp) ICP-MS following an ultrasonic extraction procedure using stormwater runoff for leaching. The method was found to be suitable for the characterization of Pt nanoparticles in road dust leachates. The extraction was optimized using road dust reference material BCR-723, for which an extraction efficiency of 2.7% was obtained by applying 144kJ of ultrasonic energy. Using this method, between 0.2% and 18% of the Pt present was extracted from road dust samples. spICP-MS analysis revealed that Pt in the leachate is entirely present as nanoparticles of sizes between 9 and 21nm. Although representing only a minor fraction of the total content in road dust, the nanoparticulate Pt leachate is most susceptible to biological uptake and hence most relevant in terms of bioavailability.
Karel Folens; Thibaut Van Acker; Eduardo Bolea Fernandez; Geert Cornelis; Frank Vanhaecke; Gijs Du Laing; Sebastien Rauch. Identification of platinum nanoparticles in road dust leachate by single particle inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Science of The Total Environment 2018, 615, 849 -856.
AMA StyleKarel Folens, Thibaut Van Acker, Eduardo Bolea Fernandez, Geert Cornelis, Frank Vanhaecke, Gijs Du Laing, Sebastien Rauch. Identification of platinum nanoparticles in road dust leachate by single particle inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Science of The Total Environment. 2018; 615 ():849-856.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarel Folens; Thibaut Van Acker; Eduardo Bolea Fernandez; Geert Cornelis; Frank Vanhaecke; Gijs Du Laing; Sebastien Rauch. 2018. "Identification of platinum nanoparticles in road dust leachate by single particle inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry." Science of The Total Environment 615, no. : 849-856.
Environmental contextPlatinum complexes are widely used to treat cancer; however, these compounds are also rapidly excreted in the urine of patients and can therefore enter waterways, presenting a toxic hazard to the environment. The biopolymer chitosan was found to be an effective and fast adsorbent for capturing multiple platinum complexes currently applied in medicine. This new approach using biomaterials is proposed to treat such drug residues while at the same time recovering the valuable metal from urine. AbstractThe majority of platinum used in antineoplastic drugs is rapidly excreted through the urine. These residual platinum compounds are highly toxic, and may eventually reach the aquatic environment if not remediated. Furthermore, platinum is a precious metal that is also relatively scarce, and it is therefore also economically worthwhile to capture and recycle it. We propose that biomass-derived adsorbents would be effective for recovering platinum from diluted streams, including synthetic human urine. Compared with ultrapure water, the salts and small biomolecules present in urine pose additional competition for active binding on the biosorbents’ surface. Chitosan, biochar, wood ash and granular activated carbon were found to effectively adsorb between 0.23 and 0.97mgg−1 inorganic PtIV when a minimal adsorbent dose of 10gL−1 was applied. The fastest adsorption rate was observed using chitosan (k2=728gmg−1min−1), followed by wood ash (k2=49.4gmg−1min−1) and biochar (k2=6.18gmg−1min−1). Substantial differences in platinum recovery were observed among inorganic PtIV, cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin, which indicates that the adsorbate speciation is highly important for establishing a hydrometallurgical purification technique.
Karel Folens; Alebel Abebe; Jingyue Tang; Frederik Ronsse; Gijs Du Laing. Biosorption of residual cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin antineoplastic drugs in urine after chemotherapy treatment. Environmental Chemistry 2018, 15, 506 .
AMA StyleKarel Folens, Alebel Abebe, Jingyue Tang, Frederik Ronsse, Gijs Du Laing. Biosorption of residual cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin antineoplastic drugs in urine after chemotherapy treatment. Environmental Chemistry. 2018; 15 (8):506.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarel Folens; Alebel Abebe; Jingyue Tang; Frederik Ronsse; Gijs Du Laing. 2018. "Biosorption of residual cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin antineoplastic drugs in urine after chemotherapy treatment." Environmental Chemistry 15, no. 8: 506.
Urban horticulture is gaining more and more attention in the context of sustainable food supply. Yet, cities are exposed to (former) industrial activities and traffic, responsible for emission of contaminants. Trace elements were monitored in soils located in the urban environment of Ghent (Belgium) and 84 samples of Lactuca satica L. lettuce grown on it. The effects of cultivation in soil versus trays, neighbouring traffic and washing of the lettuce before consumption were studied. The 0–30 cm top layer of soils appeared heterogenic in composition and enriched in Co, Cd, Ni and Pb within 10 m from the nearest road. Yet, no similar elevated concentrations could be found in the crops, except for As. Besides uptake from the roots, the presence of trace elements in the plants is also caused by the atmospheric deposition of airborne particulate matter on the leaf surface. Correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that this latter transport pathway might particularly be the case for Pt, Pd and Rh. Concentrations of Cd did not exceed the 0.2 mg kg−1 (fresh weight) threshold for Cd in leafy vegetables set by the European Commission. Measurements to reduce the health risks include the washing of lettuce, which effectively reduced the number of samples trespassing the maximum Pb level of 0.3 mg kg−1 (fresh weight). Also, cultivation in trays resulted in a lower As content in the plants. Taking into account a vigilance on crop selection, cultivation substrate and proper washing before consumption are considered essential steps for safe domestic horticulture in urban environments.
Karel Folens; Marie-Christine Van Labeke; Gijs Du Laing. Impact of an Urban Environment on Trace Element Concentrations in Domestically Produced Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 2017, 228, 457 .
AMA StyleKarel Folens, Marie-Christine Van Labeke, Gijs Du Laing. Impact of an Urban Environment on Trace Element Concentrations in Domestically Produced Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Water, Air, & Soil Pollution. 2017; 228 (12):457.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarel Folens; Marie-Christine Van Labeke; Gijs Du Laing. 2017. "Impact of an Urban Environment on Trace Element Concentrations in Domestically Produced Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)." Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 228, no. 12: 457.
Certain specialty elements are indispensable in modern technologies for their particular properties. Yet, potential risks associated to the release of these elements at any stage, remains unknown. Therefore, the dispersion of indium (In), thallium (Tl), tantalum (Ta) and niobium (Nb) in the aquatic environment of the Scheldt estuary (Flanders, Belgium) was studied. Maximum concentrations in intertidal sediments of 101 ± 15 μg kg−1 for In, 481 ± 37 μg kg−1 for Tl, 88 ± 19 μg kg−1 for Ta and 1162 ± 4 μg kg−1 for Nb appeared on the sampling location closest to the river mouth, i.e. 57.5 km upstream. Their distribution in the intertidal sediments depends on the physicochemical sediment characteristics along the flow of the river Scheldt. The same was the case for most other metals and aluminum as their occurrence also correlated (p < 0.05) with the occurrence of In, Tl and Nb. While in general, studied elements correlate to the OM content and sulfur and phosphorus herein included, a relative enrichment of In, Tl and Nb was seen at Rupelmonde (92.0 km from the river mouth). Mainly the intertidal sediment silt fraction is capable of retaining the elements by exchanging with other ions in the mineral interlayer. Increasing salinity towards the river mouth can furthermore induce the formation of insoluble chloride species. Overall, the solubility of In, Tl, Ta and Nb appeared extremely low upon extraction of pore water from intertidal sediments saturated to 100% field capacity.
Karel Folens; Gijs Du Laing. Dispersion and solubility of In, Tl, Ta and Nb in the aquatic environment and intertidal sediments of the Scheldt estuary (Flanders, Belgium). Chemosphere 2017, 183, 401 -409.
AMA StyleKarel Folens, Gijs Du Laing. Dispersion and solubility of In, Tl, Ta and Nb in the aquatic environment and intertidal sediments of the Scheldt estuary (Flanders, Belgium). Chemosphere. 2017; 183 ():401-409.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarel Folens; Gijs Du Laing. 2017. "Dispersion and solubility of In, Tl, Ta and Nb in the aquatic environment and intertidal sediments of the Scheldt estuary (Flanders, Belgium)." Chemosphere 183, no. : 401-409.
Mesoporous MIL-101(Cr) is used as host for a ship-in-a-bottle type adsorbent for selective U(VI) recovery from aqueous environments. The acid-resistant cage-type MOF is built in-situ around N,N-Diisobutyl-2-(octylphenylphosphoryl)acetamide (CMPO), a sterically demanding ligand with high U(VI) affinity. This one-step procedure yields an adsorbent which is an ideal compromise between homogeneous and heterogeneous systems, where the ligand can act freely within the pores of MIL-101, without leaching, while the adsorbent is easy separable and reusable. The adsorbent was characterized by XRD, FTIR spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption, XRF, ADF-STEM and EDX, to confirm and quantify the successful encapsulation of the CMPO in MIL-101, and the preservation of the host. Adsorption experiments with a central focus on U(VI) recovery were performed. Very high selectivity for U(VI) was observed, while competitive metal adsorption (rare earths, transition metals...) was almost negligible. The adsorption capacity was calculated at 5.32mg U/g (pH 3) and 27.99mg U/g (pH 4), by fitting equilibrium data to the Langmuir model. Adsorption kinetics correlated to the pseudo-second-order model, where more than 95% of maximum uptake is achieved within 375min. The adsorbed U(VI) is easily recovered by desorption in 0.1M HNO. Three adsorption/desorption cycles were performed.
Jeroen De Decker; Karel Folens; Jeriffa De Clercq; Maria Meledina; Gustaaf Van Tendeloo; Gijs Du Laing; Pascal Van Der Voort. Ship-in-a-bottle CMPO in MIL-101(Cr) for selective uranium recovery from aqueous streams through adsorption. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2017, 335, 1 -9.
AMA StyleJeroen De Decker, Karel Folens, Jeriffa De Clercq, Maria Meledina, Gustaaf Van Tendeloo, Gijs Du Laing, Pascal Van Der Voort. Ship-in-a-bottle CMPO in MIL-101(Cr) for selective uranium recovery from aqueous streams through adsorption. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2017; 335 ():1-9.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJeroen De Decker; Karel Folens; Jeriffa De Clercq; Maria Meledina; Gustaaf Van Tendeloo; Gijs Du Laing; Pascal Van Der Voort. 2017. "Ship-in-a-bottle CMPO in MIL-101(Cr) for selective uranium recovery from aqueous streams through adsorption." Journal of Hazardous Materials 335, no. : 1-9.
The dithiol functionalized UiO-66-(SH)2 is developed as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of mercury in aqueous media. Important parameters for the application of MOFs in real-life circumstances include: stability and recyclability of the adsorbents, selectivity for the targeted Hg species in the presence of much higher concentrations of interfering species, and ability to purify wastewater below international environmental limits within a short time. We show that UiO-66-(SH)2 meets all these criteria.
Karen Leus; Jeffrey Paulo H. Perez; Karel Folens; Maria Meledina; Gustaaf Van Tendeloo; Gijs Du Laing; Pascal Van Der Voort. UiO-66-(SH)2 as stable, selective and regenerable adsorbent for the removal of mercury from water under environmentally-relevant conditions. Faraday Discussions 2017, 201, 145 -161.
AMA StyleKaren Leus, Jeffrey Paulo H. Perez, Karel Folens, Maria Meledina, Gustaaf Van Tendeloo, Gijs Du Laing, Pascal Van Der Voort. UiO-66-(SH)2 as stable, selective and regenerable adsorbent for the removal of mercury from water under environmentally-relevant conditions. Faraday Discussions. 2017; 201 ():145-161.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKaren Leus; Jeffrey Paulo H. Perez; Karel Folens; Maria Meledina; Gustaaf Van Tendeloo; Gijs Du Laing; Pascal Van Der Voort. 2017. "UiO-66-(SH)2 as stable, selective and regenerable adsorbent for the removal of mercury from water under environmentally-relevant conditions." Faraday Discussions 201, no. : 145-161.
Karel Folens; Steve Huysman; Stijn Van Hulle; Gijs Du Laing. Chemical and economic optimization of the coagulation-flocculation process for silver removal and recovery from industrial wastewater. Separation and Purification Technology 2017, 179, 145 -151.
AMA StyleKarel Folens, Steve Huysman, Stijn Van Hulle, Gijs Du Laing. Chemical and economic optimization of the coagulation-flocculation process for silver removal and recovery from industrial wastewater. Separation and Purification Technology. 2017; 179 ():145-151.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarel Folens; Steve Huysman; Stijn Van Hulle; Gijs Du Laing. 2017. "Chemical and economic optimization of the coagulation-flocculation process for silver removal and recovery from industrial wastewater." Separation and Purification Technology 179, no. : 145-151.
Karel Folens; Séverine Thérèse F.C. Mortier; Janis Baeten; Karen Couvreur; Robin Michelet; Krist V. Gernaey; Thomas De Beer; Gijs Du Laing; Ingmar Nopens. Modelling and sensitivity analysis of urinary platinum excretion in anticancer chemotherapy for the recovery of platinum. Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy 2016, 4, 46 -56.
AMA StyleKarel Folens, Séverine Thérèse F.C. Mortier, Janis Baeten, Karen Couvreur, Robin Michelet, Krist V. Gernaey, Thomas De Beer, Gijs Du Laing, Ingmar Nopens. Modelling and sensitivity analysis of urinary platinum excretion in anticancer chemotherapy for the recovery of platinum. Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy. 2016; 4 ():46-56.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarel Folens; Séverine Thérèse F.C. Mortier; Janis Baeten; Karen Couvreur; Robin Michelet; Krist V. Gernaey; Thomas De Beer; Gijs Du Laing; Ingmar Nopens. 2016. "Modelling and sensitivity analysis of urinary platinum excretion in anticancer chemotherapy for the recovery of platinum." Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy 4, no. : 46-56.
The chromium-based metal–organic framework MIL-101(Cr) served as a host for the in situ synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. This hybrid nanomaterial was tested as an adsorbent for arsenite and arsenate species in groundwater and surface water and showed excellent affinity towards AsIII and AsV species. The adsorption capacities of 121.5 and 80.0 mg g–1 for arsenite and arsenate species, respectively, are unprecedented. The presence of Ca2+, Mg2+, and phosphate ions and natural organic matter does not affect the removal efficiency or the selectivity. The structural integrity of the hybrid nanomaterial was maintained during the adsorption process and even after desorption through phosphate elution. Additionally, no significant leaching of Cr or Fe species was observed.
Karel Folens; Karen Leus; Nina Ricci Nicomel; Maria Meledina; Stuart Turner; Gustaaf Van Tendeloo; Gijs Du Laing; Pascal Van Der Voort. [email protected] - A Selective and Regenerable Adsorbent for the Removal of As Species from Water. European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry 2016, 2016, 4395 -4401.
AMA StyleKarel Folens, Karen Leus, Nina Ricci Nicomel, Maria Meledina, Stuart Turner, Gustaaf Van Tendeloo, Gijs Du Laing, Pascal Van Der Voort. [email protected] - A Selective and Regenerable Adsorbent for the Removal of As Species from Water. European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry. 2016; 2016 (27):4395-4401.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarel Folens; Karen Leus; Nina Ricci Nicomel; Maria Meledina; Stuart Turner; Gustaaf Van Tendeloo; Gijs Du Laing; Pascal Van Der Voort. 2016. "[email protected] - A Selective and Regenerable Adsorbent for the Removal of As Species from Water." European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry 2016, no. 27: 4395-4401.