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S.A.M. Mehryan
Young Researchers and Elite Club, Yasooj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yasooj 7591493686, Iran

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Journal article
Published: 14 March 2021 in Molecules
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A latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) unit can store a notable amount of heat in a compact volume. However, the charging time could be tediously long due to weak heat transfer. Thus, an improvement of heat transfer and a reduction in charging time is an essential task. The present research aims to improve the thermal charging of a conical shell-tube LHTES unit by optimizing the shell-shape and fin-inclination angle in the presence of nanoadditives. The governing equations for the natural convection heat transfer and phase change heat transfer are written as partial differential equations. The finite element method is applied to solve the equations numerically. The Taguchi optimization approach is then invoked to optimize the fin-inclination angle, shell aspect ratio, and the type and volume fraction of nanoparticles. The results showed that the shell-aspect ratio and fin inclination angle are the most important design parameters influencing the charging time. The charging time could be changed by 40% by variation of design parameters. Interestingly a conical shell with a small radius at the bottom and a large radius at the top (small aspect ratio) is the best shell design. However, a too-small aspect ratio could entrap the liquid-PCM between fins and increase the charging time. An optimum volume fraction of 4% is found for nanoparticle concentration.

ACS Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz; Hassan Shirivand; Kasra Ayoubloo; S.A.M. Mehryan; Obai Younis; Pouyan Talebizadehsardari; Wahiba Yaïci. The Thermal Charging Performance of Finned Conical Thermal Storage System Filled with Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material. Molecules 2021, 26, 1605 .

AMA Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz, Hassan Shirivand, Kasra Ayoubloo, S.A.M. Mehryan, Obai Younis, Pouyan Talebizadehsardari, Wahiba Yaïci. The Thermal Charging Performance of Finned Conical Thermal Storage System Filled with Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material. Molecules. 2021; 26 (6):1605.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz; Hassan Shirivand; Kasra Ayoubloo; S.A.M. Mehryan; Obai Younis; Pouyan Talebizadehsardari; Wahiba Yaïci. 2021. "The Thermal Charging Performance of Finned Conical Thermal Storage System Filled with Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material." Molecules 26, no. 6: 1605.

Journal article
Published: 12 March 2021 in Energies
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The melting of a coconut oil–CuO phase change material (PCM) embedded in an engineered nonuniform copper foam was theoretically analyzed to reduce the charging time of a thermal energy storage unit. A nonuniform metal foam could improve the effective thermal conductivity of a porous medium at regions with dominant conduction heat transfer by increasing local porosity. Moreover, the increase in porosity contributes to flow circulation in the natural convection-dominant regimes and adds a positive impact to the heat transfer rate, but it reduces the conduction heat transfer and overall heat transfer. The Taguchi optimization method was used to minimize the charging time of a shell-and-tube thermal energy storage (TES) unit by optimizing the porosity gradient, volume fractions of nanoparticles, average porosity, and porous pore sizes. The results showed that porosity is the most significant factor and lower porosity has a faster charging rate. A nonuniform porosity reduces the charging time of TES. The size of porous pores induces a negligible impact on the charging time. Lastly, the increase in volume fractions of nanoparticles reduces the charging time, but it has a minimal impact on the TES unit’s charging power.

ACS Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz; S.A.M. Mehryan; Hassan Shirivand; Farshid Shalbafi; Obai Younis; Kiao Inthavong; Goodarz Ahmadi; Pouyan Talebizadehsardari. Simulation of a Fast-Charging Porous Thermal Energy Storage System Saturated with a Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material. Energies 2021, 14, 1575 .

AMA Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz, S.A.M. Mehryan, Hassan Shirivand, Farshid Shalbafi, Obai Younis, Kiao Inthavong, Goodarz Ahmadi, Pouyan Talebizadehsardari. Simulation of a Fast-Charging Porous Thermal Energy Storage System Saturated with a Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material. Energies. 2021; 14 (6):1575.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz; S.A.M. Mehryan; Hassan Shirivand; Farshid Shalbafi; Obai Younis; Kiao Inthavong; Goodarz Ahmadi; Pouyan Talebizadehsardari. 2021. "Simulation of a Fast-Charging Porous Thermal Energy Storage System Saturated with a Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material." Energies 14, no. 6: 1575.

Journal article
Published: 09 March 2021 in Energies
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The melting flow and heat transfer of copper-oxide coconut oil in thermal energy storage filled with a nonlinear copper metal foam are addressed. The porosity of the copper foam changes linearly from bottom to top. The phase change material (PCM) is filled into the metal foam pores, which form a composite PCM. The natural convection effect is also taken into account. The effect of average porosity; porosity distribution; pore size density; the inclination angle of enclosure; and nanoparticles’ concentration on the isotherms, melting maps, and the melting rate are investigated. The results show that the average porosity is the most important parameter on the melting behavior. The variation in porosity from 0.825 to 0.9 changes the melting time by about 116%. The natural convection flows are weak in the metal foam, and hence, the impact of each of the other parameters on the melting time is insignificant (less than 5%).

ACS Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz; Mohammad Shahabadi; S. Mehryan; Mikhail Sheremet; Obai Younis; Pouyan Talebizadehsardari; Wabiha Yaici. Latent Heat Thermal Storage of Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material Filled by Copper Foam with Linear Porosity Variation in Vertical Direction. Energies 2021, 14, 1508 .

AMA Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz, Mohammad Shahabadi, S. Mehryan, Mikhail Sheremet, Obai Younis, Pouyan Talebizadehsardari, Wabiha Yaici. Latent Heat Thermal Storage of Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material Filled by Copper Foam with Linear Porosity Variation in Vertical Direction. Energies. 2021; 14 (5):1508.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz; Mohammad Shahabadi; S. Mehryan; Mikhail Sheremet; Obai Younis; Pouyan Talebizadehsardari; Wabiha Yaici. 2021. "Latent Heat Thermal Storage of Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material Filled by Copper Foam with Linear Porosity Variation in Vertical Direction." Energies 14, no. 5: 1508.

Journal article
Published: 09 March 2021 in Molecules
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Thermal energy storage units conventionally have the drawback of slow charging response. Thus, heat transfer enhancement techniques are required to reduce charging time. Using nanoadditives is a promising approach to enhance the heat transfer and energy storage response time of materials that store heat by undergoing a reversible phase change, so-called phase change materials. In the present study, a combination of such materials enhanced with the addition of nanometer-scale graphene oxide particles (called nano-enhanced phase change materials) and a layer of a copper foam is proposed to improve the thermal performance of a shell-and-tube latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) unit filled with capric acid. Both graphene oxide and copper nanoparticles were tested as the nanometer-scale additives. A geometrically nonuniform layer of copper foam was placed over the hot tube inside the unit. The metal foam layer can improve heat transfer with an increase of the composite thermal conductivity. However, it suppressed the natural convection flows and could reduce heat transfer in the molten regions. Thus, a metal foam layer with a nonuniform shape can maximize thermal conductivity in conduction-dominant regions and minimize its adverse impacts on natural convection flows. The heat transfer was modeled using partial differential equations for conservations of momentum and heat. The finite element method was used to solve the partial differential equations. A backward differential formula was used to control the accuracy and convergence of the solution automatically. Mesh adaptation was applied to increase the mesh resolution at the interface between phases and improve the quality and stability of the solution. The impact of the eccentricity and porosity of the metal foam layer and the volume fraction of nanoparticles on the energy storage and the thermal performance of the LHTES unit was addressed. The layer of the metal foam notably improves the response time of the LHTES unit, and a 10% eccentricity of the porous layer toward the bottom improved the response time of the LHTES unit by 50%. The presence of nanoadditives could reduce the response time (melting time) of the LHTES unit by 12%, and copper nanoparticles were slightly better than graphene oxide particles in terms of heat transfer enhancement. The design parameters of the eccentricity, porosity, and volume fraction of nanoparticles had minimal impact on the thermal energy storage capacity of the LHTES unit, while their impact on the melting time (response time) was significant. Thus, a combination of the enhancement method could practically reduce the thermal charging time of an LHTES unit without a significant increase in its size.

ACS Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz; Seyed Mehryan; Kasra Ayoubloo; Ahmad Hajjar; Mohamad El Kadri; Obai Younis; Mohsen Pour; Christopher Hulme-Smith. Thermal Energy Storage and Heat Transfer of Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material (NePCM) in a Shell and Tube Thermal Energy Storage (TES) Unit with a Partial Layer of Eccentric Copper Foam. Molecules 2021, 26, 1491 .

AMA Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz, Seyed Mehryan, Kasra Ayoubloo, Ahmad Hajjar, Mohamad El Kadri, Obai Younis, Mohsen Pour, Christopher Hulme-Smith. Thermal Energy Storage and Heat Transfer of Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material (NePCM) in a Shell and Tube Thermal Energy Storage (TES) Unit with a Partial Layer of Eccentric Copper Foam. Molecules. 2021; 26 (5):1491.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz; Seyed Mehryan; Kasra Ayoubloo; Ahmad Hajjar; Mohamad El Kadri; Obai Younis; Mohsen Pour; Christopher Hulme-Smith. 2021. "Thermal Energy Storage and Heat Transfer of Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material (NePCM) in a Shell and Tube Thermal Energy Storage (TES) Unit with a Partial Layer of Eccentric Copper Foam." Molecules 26, no. 5: 1491.

Journal article
Published: 09 March 2021 in Molecules
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A wavy shape was used to enhance the thermal heat transfer in a shell-tube latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) unit. The thermal storage unit was filled with CuO–coconut oil nano-enhanced phase change material (NePCM). The enthalpy-porosity approach was employed to model the phase change heat transfer in the presence of natural convection effects in the molten NePCM. The finite element method was applied to integrate the governing equations for fluid motion and phase change heat transfer. The impact of wave amplitude and wave number of the heated tube, as well as the volume concertation of nanoparticles on the full-charging time of the LHTES unit, was addressed. The Taguchi optimization method was used to find an optimum design of the LHTES unit. The results showed that an increase in the volume fraction of nanoparticles reduces the charging time. Moreover, the waviness of the tube resists the natural convection flow circulation in the phase change domain and could increase the charging time.

ACS Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz; S.A.M. Mehryan; Ahmad Hajjar; Mohammad Shdaifat; Obai Younis; Pouyan Talebizadehsardari; Wahiba Yaïci. Thermal Charging Optimization of a Wavy-Shaped Nano-Enhanced Thermal Storage Unit. Molecules 2021, 26, 1496 .

AMA Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz, S.A.M. Mehryan, Ahmad Hajjar, Mohammad Shdaifat, Obai Younis, Pouyan Talebizadehsardari, Wahiba Yaïci. Thermal Charging Optimization of a Wavy-Shaped Nano-Enhanced Thermal Storage Unit. Molecules. 2021; 26 (5):1496.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz; S.A.M. Mehryan; Ahmad Hajjar; Mohammad Shdaifat; Obai Younis; Pouyan Talebizadehsardari; Wahiba Yaïci. 2021. "Thermal Charging Optimization of a Wavy-Shaped Nano-Enhanced Thermal Storage Unit." Molecules 26, no. 5: 1496.

Journal article
Published: 07 March 2021 in Sustainability
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The melting heat transfer of nano-enhanced phase change materials was addressed in a thermal energy storage unit. A heated U-shape tube was placed in a cylindrical shell. The cross-section of the tube is a petal-shape, which can have different amplitudes and wave numbers. The shell is filled with capric acid with a fusion temperature of 32 °C. The copper (Cu)/graphene oxide (GO) type nanoparticles were added to capric acid to improve its heat transfer properties. The enthalpy-porosity approach was used to model the phase change heat transfer in the presence of natural convection heat transfer effects. A novel mesh adaptation method was used to track the phase change melting front and produce high-quality mesh at the phase change region. The impacts of the volume fraction of nanoparticles, the amplitude and number of petals, the distance between tubes, and the angle of tube placements were investigated on the thermal energy rate and melting-time in the thermal energy storage unit. An average charging power can be raised by up to 45% by using petal shape tubes compared to a plain tube. The nanoadditives could improve the heat transfer by 7% for Cu and 11% for GO nanoparticles compared to the pure phase change material.

ACS Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz; Seyed Mehryan; Reza Feeoj; Ahmad Hajjar; Obai Younis; Pouyan Talebizadehsardari; Wahiba Yaïci. Effect of the Quasi-Petal Heat Transfer Tube on the Melting Process of the Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Substance in a Thermal Energy Storage Unit. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2871 .

AMA Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz, Seyed Mehryan, Reza Feeoj, Ahmad Hajjar, Obai Younis, Pouyan Talebizadehsardari, Wahiba Yaïci. Effect of the Quasi-Petal Heat Transfer Tube on the Melting Process of the Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Substance in a Thermal Energy Storage Unit. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (5):2871.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz; Seyed Mehryan; Reza Feeoj; Ahmad Hajjar; Obai Younis; Pouyan Talebizadehsardari; Wahiba Yaïci. 2021. "Effect of the Quasi-Petal Heat Transfer Tube on the Melting Process of the Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Substance in a Thermal Energy Storage Unit." Sustainability 13, no. 5: 2871.

Journal article
Published: 07 March 2021 in Sustainability
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Thermal Energy Storage (TES) is a key feature in the sizing of thermal systems and energy management. The Phase Change Material (PCM) can store a huge amount of heat in the form of latent heat. However, a good design of the TES unit is required to absorb thermal energy and charge quickly. In the present study, a combination of optimum fin design and nanoadditives are used to design a shell and tube shape TES unit. The Taguchi optimization method is employed to maximize the melting rate by optimizing the arrangement shape of fins and the type and the volume fractions of nanoparticles. The results showed that long fins should be mounted at the bottom and short fins at the top, so that the PCM melts down at the bottom quickly, and consequently, a natural convection circulation occurs at the bottom and advances in the solid PCM. The short fins at the top allow a good natural convection circulation at the top. An increase in the volume fraction of nanoparticles increases the melting rate. An optimum design shows a 20% more melting rate compared to a poor design.

ACS Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz; Seyed Mehryan; Masoud Mozaffari; Obai Younis; Aritra Ghosh. The Effect of Variable-Length Fins and Different High Thermal Conductivity Nanoparticles in the Performance of the Energy Storage Unit Containing Bio-Based Phase Change Substance. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2884 .

AMA Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz, Seyed Mehryan, Masoud Mozaffari, Obai Younis, Aritra Ghosh. The Effect of Variable-Length Fins and Different High Thermal Conductivity Nanoparticles in the Performance of the Energy Storage Unit Containing Bio-Based Phase Change Substance. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (5):2884.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz; Seyed Mehryan; Masoud Mozaffari; Obai Younis; Aritra Ghosh. 2021. "The Effect of Variable-Length Fins and Different High Thermal Conductivity Nanoparticles in the Performance of the Energy Storage Unit Containing Bio-Based Phase Change Substance." Sustainability 13, no. 5: 2884.

Journal article
Published: 02 March 2021 in Sustainability
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A conical shell-tube design with non-uniform fins was addressed for phase change latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES). The shell was filled with nano-enhanced phase change material (NePCM). The cone aspect ratio of the shell and the fins aspect ratio were adopted as the geometrical design parameters. The type and volume fraction of the nanoparticles were other design parameters. The investigated nanoparticles were alumina, graphite oxide, silver, and copper. The finite element method was employed to solve the natural convection flow and phase change thermal energy equations in the LHTES unit. The Taguchi optimization method was utilized to maximize the melting rate in the unit. Two cases of ascending and descending conical shells were investigated. The outcomes showed that the shell-aspect ratio and fin aspect ratio were the most important design parameters, followed by the type and concentration of nanoparticles. Both ascending and descending designs could lead to the same melting rate at their optimum design. The optimum design of LHTES could improve the melting rate by up to 18.5%. The optimum design for ascending (descending) design was a plain tube (a cone aspect ratio of 1.17) filled by 4.5% alumina-Bio-PCM (1.5% copper-Bio-PCM).

ACS Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz; S.A.M. Mehryan; Mahboobeh Mahdavi; Obai Younis; Mohammad Alim. Evaluation of the Melting Performance in a Conical Latent Heat Thermal Unit Having Variable Length Fins. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2667 .

AMA Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz, S.A.M. Mehryan, Mahboobeh Mahdavi, Obai Younis, Mohammad Alim. Evaluation of the Melting Performance in a Conical Latent Heat Thermal Unit Having Variable Length Fins. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (5):2667.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz; S.A.M. Mehryan; Mahboobeh Mahdavi; Obai Younis; Mohammad Alim. 2021. "Evaluation of the Melting Performance in a Conical Latent Heat Thermal Unit Having Variable Length Fins." Sustainability 13, no. 5: 2667.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2021 in Sustainability
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A Nano-Encapsulated Phase-Change Material (NEPCM) suspension is made of nanoparticles containing a Phase Change Material in their core and dispersed in a fluid. These particles can contribute to thermal energy storage and heat transfer by their latent heat of phase change as moving with the host fluid. Thus, such novel nanoliquids are promising for applications in waste heat recovery and thermal energy storage systems. In the present research, the mixed convection of NEPCM suspensions was addressed in a wavy wall cavity containing a rotating solid cylinder. As the nanoparticles move with the liquid, they undergo a phase change and transfer the latent heat. The phase change of nanoparticles was considered as temperature-dependent heat capacity. The governing equations of mass, momentum, and energy conservation were presented as partial differential equations. Then, the governing equations were converted to a non-dimensional form to generalize the solution, and solved by the finite element method. The influence of control parameters such as volume concentration of nanoparticles, fusion temperature of nanoparticles, Stefan number, wall undulations number, and as well as the cylinder size, angular rotation, and thermal conductivities was addressed on the heat transfer in the enclosure. The wall undulation number induces a remarkable change in the Nusselt number. There are optimum fusion temperatures for nanoparticles, which could maximize the heat transfer rate. The increase of the latent heat of nanoparticles (a decline of Stefan number) boosts the heat transfer advantage of employing the phase change particles.

ACS Style

S. Mehryan; Kaamran Raahemifar; Leila Gargari; Ahmad Hajjar; Mohamad El Kadri; Obai Younis; Mohammad Ghalambaz. Latent Heat Phase Change Heat Transfer of a Nanoliquid with Nano–Encapsulated Phase Change Materials in a Wavy-Wall Enclosure with an Active Rotating Cylinder. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2590 .

AMA Style

S. Mehryan, Kaamran Raahemifar, Leila Gargari, Ahmad Hajjar, Mohamad El Kadri, Obai Younis, Mohammad Ghalambaz. Latent Heat Phase Change Heat Transfer of a Nanoliquid with Nano–Encapsulated Phase Change Materials in a Wavy-Wall Enclosure with an Active Rotating Cylinder. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (5):2590.

Chicago/Turabian Style

S. Mehryan; Kaamran Raahemifar; Leila Gargari; Ahmad Hajjar; Mohamad El Kadri; Obai Younis; Mohammad Ghalambaz. 2021. "Latent Heat Phase Change Heat Transfer of a Nanoliquid with Nano–Encapsulated Phase Change Materials in a Wavy-Wall Enclosure with an Active Rotating Cylinder." Sustainability 13, no. 5: 2590.

Journal article
Published: 25 February 2021 in Molecules
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Thermal energy storage is a technique that has the potential to contribute to future energy grids to reduce fluctuations in supply from renewable energy sources. The principle of energy storage is to drive an endothermic phase change when excess energy is available and to allow the phase change to reverse and release heat when energy demand exceeds supply. Unwanted charge leakage and low heat transfer rates can limit the effectiveness of the units, but both of these problems can be mitigated by incorporating a metal foam into the design of the storage unit. This study demonstrates the benefits of adding copper foam into a thermal energy storage unit based on capric acid enhanced by copper nanoparticles. The volume fraction of nanoparticles and the location and porosity of the foam were optimized using the Taguchi approach to minimize the charge leakage expected from simulations. Placing the foam layer at the bottom of the unit with the maximum possible height and minimum porosity led to the lowest charge time. The optimum concentration of nanoparticles was found to be 4 vol.%, while the maximu possible concentration was 6 vol.%. The use of an optimized design of the enclosure and the optimum fraction of nanoparticles led to a predicted charging time for the unit that was approximately 58% shorter than that of the worst design. A sensitivity analysis shows that the height of the foam layer and its porosity are the dominant variables, and the location of the porous layer and volume fraction of nanoparticles are of secondary importance. Therefore, a well-designed location and size of a metal foam layer could be used to improve the charging speed of thermal energy storage units significantly. In such designs, the porosity and the placement-location of the foam should be considered more strongly than other factors.

ACS Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz; Seyed Mehryan; Ahmad Hajjar; Obai Younis; Mikhail Sheremet; Mohsen Pour; Christopher Hulme-Smith. Phase-Transition Thermal Charging of a Channel-Shape Thermal Energy Storage Unit: Taguchi Optimization Approach and Copper Foam Inserts. Molecules 2021, 26, 1235 .

AMA Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz, Seyed Mehryan, Ahmad Hajjar, Obai Younis, Mikhail Sheremet, Mohsen Pour, Christopher Hulme-Smith. Phase-Transition Thermal Charging of a Channel-Shape Thermal Energy Storage Unit: Taguchi Optimization Approach and Copper Foam Inserts. Molecules. 2021; 26 (5):1235.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz; Seyed Mehryan; Ahmad Hajjar; Obai Younis; Mikhail Sheremet; Mohsen Pour; Christopher Hulme-Smith. 2021. "Phase-Transition Thermal Charging of a Channel-Shape Thermal Energy Storage Unit: Taguchi Optimization Approach and Copper Foam Inserts." Molecules 26, no. 5: 1235.

Journal article
Published: 23 February 2021 in Sustainability
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The melting heat transfer of CuO—coconut oil embedded in a non-uniform copper metal foam—was addressed. Copper foam is placed in a channel-shaped Thermal Energy Storage (TES) unit heated from one side. The foam is non-uniform with a linear porosity gradient in a direction perpendicular to the heated surface. The finite element method was applied to simulate natural convection flow and phase change heat transfer in the TES unit. The results showed that the porosity gradient could significantly boost the melting rate and stored energy rate in the TES unit. The best non-uniform porosity corresponds to a case in which the maximum porosity is next to a heated surface. The variation of the unit placement’s inclination angle is only important in the final stage of charging, where there is a dominant natural convection flow. The variation of porous pore size induces minimal impact on the phase change rate, except in the case of a large pore size of 30 pore density (PPI). The presence of nanoparticles could increase or decrease the charging time. However, using a 4% volume fraction of nanoparticles could mainly reduce the charging time.

ACS Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz; S. Mehryan; Ahmad Hajjar; Mehdi Fteiti; Obai Younis; Pouyan Sardari; Wahiba Yaïci. Latent Heat Thermal Storage in Non-Uniform Metal Foam Filled with Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2401 .

AMA Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz, S. Mehryan, Ahmad Hajjar, Mehdi Fteiti, Obai Younis, Pouyan Sardari, Wahiba Yaïci. Latent Heat Thermal Storage in Non-Uniform Metal Foam Filled with Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (4):2401.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz; S. Mehryan; Ahmad Hajjar; Mehdi Fteiti; Obai Younis; Pouyan Sardari; Wahiba Yaïci. 2021. "Latent Heat Thermal Storage in Non-Uniform Metal Foam Filled with Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Material." Sustainability 13, no. 4: 2401.

Journal article
Published: 08 June 2020 in International Journal of Thermal Sciences
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In the current study, free convection heat transfer of a suspension of Nano–Encapsulated Phase Change Materials (NEPCMs) is simulated and discussed in an inclined porous cavity. The phase change materials are capsulated in nano-shells layers, while the core stores/releases large amounts of energy during melting/solidification in the vicinity of the hot/cold walls. The governing equations are introduced and transformed into non–dimensional form before being solved by using the finite element method. Simulation results are validated thoroughly. Thereafter, the consequences of the fusion temperature and the Stefan number on the distributions of streamlines, isotherms, and the heat capacity ratio, as well as the heat transfer characteristics, are analyzed for different inclination angles of the cavity. Inspection of the results demonstrates that the best heat transfer performance occurs for the non–dimensional fusion temperature of 0.5 and the inclination angle of 42°. It is found that a decrease in the Stefan number improves heat transfer. The results also show that the presence of the NEPCM particles generally leads to heat transfer improvement.

ACS Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz; S.A.M. Mehryan; Iman Zahmatkesh; Ali Chamkha. Free convection heat transfer analysis of a suspension of nano–encapsulated phase change materials (NEPCMs) in an inclined porous cavity. International Journal of Thermal Sciences 2020, 157, 106503 .

AMA Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz, S.A.M. Mehryan, Iman Zahmatkesh, Ali Chamkha. Free convection heat transfer analysis of a suspension of nano–encapsulated phase change materials (NEPCMs) in an inclined porous cavity. International Journal of Thermal Sciences. 2020; 157 ():106503.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammad Ghalambaz; S.A.M. Mehryan; Iman Zahmatkesh; Ali Chamkha. 2020. "Free convection heat transfer analysis of a suspension of nano–encapsulated phase change materials (NEPCMs) in an inclined porous cavity." International Journal of Thermal Sciences 157, no. : 106503.

Journal article
Published: 27 April 2020 in International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer
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A precise understanding of the thermal behaviour and entropy generation of a suspension comprising nano-encapsulated phase change materials (NEPCM) is important for the thermal energy storage and heat transfer enhancement in various engineering applications. Studies to date, have improved the knowledge of the heat transfer of NCPCM. However, a suspension comprising NEPCM in the porous medium could enhance the overall heat transfer performance. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the thermal, hydrodynamic and entropy generation behaviour of the NEPCM-suspensions in a porous medium. Conjugate natural convection heat transfer and entropy generation in a square cavity composed of a porous matrix (glass balls), occupied by a suspension comprising nano-encapsulated phase change materials, and two solid blocks is numerically investigated. Galerkin Finite Element Method is employed to solve the nonlinear coupled equations for the porous flow and heat transfer. The phase transition and the released/absorbed latent heat of the nano-capsules are attributed in a temperature-dependent heat capacity field. The thermal conductivity ratio (1 ≤ Rk ≤ 100), the Darcy number (10−5 ≤ Da ≤ 10−1), the Stefan number (0.2 ≤ Ste ≤ 1), the porosity of porous medium (0.2 ≤ ε ≤ 0.9), the dimensionless fusion temperature (0.05 ≤ Tfu ≤ 0.95), the solid walls thickness (ds = 0.1 and 0.3), and the volume fraction of the nano-capsules (0.0 ≤ φ ≤ 5%) are considered for the numerical calculations. The numerical results illustrate that the rates of heat transfer and the average Bejan number are maximum and the generated entropy is minimum when the fusion temperature of the nano-capsules is Tfu = 0.5. Besides, adding the nano-sized particles of encapsulated phase change materials to the host fluid increases the heat transfer rate up to 45% (for the studied set of parameters) and also augments the average Bejan number. The total entropy generation elevates with the increment of the volume fraction of the nanoparticles, for low values of the Darcy number; however, a downward trend can be found for higher values of the Da. The combination of NEPCM-suspensions (with latent heat thermal energy storage) and a porous medium (with the extended surface area) provides an extensive capability for thermal enhancement and energy storage applications. In this regard, the findings of the current work demonstrate that the selection of the fusion temperature and Darcy number are two essential key parameters, which could change the trend of the results.

ACS Style

Seyed Mohsen Hashem Zadeh; S.A.M. Mehryan; Mohammad Saidul Islam; Mohammad Ghalambaz. Irreversibility analysis of thermally driven flow of a water-based suspension with dispersed nano-sized capsules of phase change material. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 2020, 155, 119796 .

AMA Style

Seyed Mohsen Hashem Zadeh, S.A.M. Mehryan, Mohammad Saidul Islam, Mohammad Ghalambaz. Irreversibility analysis of thermally driven flow of a water-based suspension with dispersed nano-sized capsules of phase change material. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. 2020; 155 ():119796.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Seyed Mohsen Hashem Zadeh; S.A.M. Mehryan; Mohammad Saidul Islam; Mohammad Ghalambaz. 2020. "Irreversibility analysis of thermally driven flow of a water-based suspension with dispersed nano-sized capsules of phase change material." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 155, no. : 119796.

Article
Published: 17 April 2020 in Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry
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In this study, the heat transfer, fluid flow and heat capacity ratio are analyzed in an annulus enclosure filled with porous and saturated by a suspension of nanoencapsulated phase change materials (NEPCMs). It consists of phase change material core and a polymer or non-polymer shell. The presence of nanoparticles in the base fluid and the phase change capability of the nanoparticle’s core improve the thermal properties of the base fluid and thermal control process. The inner cylinder wall is reserved at hot temperatures where the encapsulated particles absorb the heat, while the outer cylinder wall is reserved at cold temperatures where the encapsulated particles release the heat. A local thermal non-equilibrium model is adopted for the porous medium. The parameters studied are Rayleigh number (104 ≤ Ra ≤ 106), Stefan number (0.2 ≤ Ste ≤ ∞), melting point temperature of the core (0.05 ≤ θf ≤ 1), the concentration of the NEPCM particles (0% ≤ ϕ ≤ 5%), radius ratio (1.67 ≤ Rr ≤ 2.5), eccentricity (− 0.67 ≤ Ec ≤ 0.67), Darcy number (10−4 ≤ Da ≤ 10−1), porosity (0.3 ≤ ε ≤ 0.9) and interface heat transfer coefficient (1 ≤ H ≤ 1000). The results show that the dimensionless temperature of fusion (θf) plays the main role in the improvement in NEPCM on the heat transfer process.

ACS Style

Farooq H. Ali; Hameed K. Hamzah; Masoud Mozaffari; S. A. M. Mehryan; Mohammad Ghalambaz. Natural convection of nanoencapsulated phase change suspensions inside a local thermal non-equilibrium porous annulus. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 2020, 141, 1801 -1816.

AMA Style

Farooq H. Ali, Hameed K. Hamzah, Masoud Mozaffari, S. A. M. Mehryan, Mohammad Ghalambaz. Natural convection of nanoencapsulated phase change suspensions inside a local thermal non-equilibrium porous annulus. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 2020; 141 (5):1801-1816.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Farooq H. Ali; Hameed K. Hamzah; Masoud Mozaffari; S. A. M. Mehryan; Mohammad Ghalambaz. 2020. "Natural convection of nanoencapsulated phase change suspensions inside a local thermal non-equilibrium porous annulus." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 141, no. 5: 1801-1816.

Journal article
Published: 03 April 2020 in Powder Technology
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This paper investigates the natural convection of Ag-MgO/water nanofluids within a porous enclosure using a Local Thermal Non-Equilibrium (LTNE) model. The Darcy model is applied to simulate the flow dynamics throughout the porous medium. Using non-dimensional parameters, the dimensionless form of the prevailing equations has been derived. Finally, the Galerkin finite element method is utilized to solve governing equations using a non-uniform structured grid, numerically. The key parameters of this study are Rayleigh number (10 ≤ Ra ≤ 1000), porosity (0.1 ≤ ε ≤ 0.9), nanoparticles volume fraction (0 ≤ φ ≤ 0.02), interface convective heat transfer coefficient (1 ≤ H ≤ 1000), and the thermal conductivity ratio of two porous phases (1 ≤ γ ≤ 10). It is indicated that dispersing Ag–MgO hybrid nanoparticles in the water strongly decreases the transport of heat through two phases of the porous enclosure. For glass ball and aluminum foam, by increasing the H from 1 to 1000, Qhnf would be 1.33 and 5.85 times, respectively, at φ = 2%.

ACS Style

S.A.M. Mehryan; Mohammad Ghalambaz; Ali J. Chamkha; Mohsen Izadi. Numerical study on natural convection of Ag–MgO hybrid/water nanofluid inside a porous enclosure: A local thermal non-equilibrium model. Powder Technology 2020, 367, 443 -455.

AMA Style

S.A.M. Mehryan, Mohammad Ghalambaz, Ali J. Chamkha, Mohsen Izadi. Numerical study on natural convection of Ag–MgO hybrid/water nanofluid inside a porous enclosure: A local thermal non-equilibrium model. Powder Technology. 2020; 367 ():443-455.

Chicago/Turabian Style

S.A.M. Mehryan; Mohammad Ghalambaz; Ali J. Chamkha; Mohsen Izadi. 2020. "Numerical study on natural convection of Ag–MgO hybrid/water nanofluid inside a porous enclosure: A local thermal non-equilibrium model." Powder Technology 367, no. : 443-455.

Journal article
Published: 12 March 2020 in Chinese Journal of Physics
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Heat transfer enhancement for various engineering systems can be achieved by the inclusion of metal nanoparticles inside the heat transfer liquid. Such an effect can be improved by considering the hybrid nanofluid when nanoparticles of different materials are added to the base fluid. The present study is devoted to computational analysis of thermal gravitational convection within a porous chamber under the impact of tilted periodic magnetic force. Governing equations formulated employing the single-phase nanoliquid approach, Brinkman-extended Darcy model for transport processes within the porous layer with the local thermal non-equilibrium approach, Boussinesq approximation for the description of the buoyancy force and magnetic field, have been resolved using the Galerkin finite element method. Impacts of the Darcy number, Hartmann number, Rayleigh number, periodicity of the magnetic field, magnetic field inclination angle, thermal conductivity ratio, and medium porosity on flow and thermal patterns have been examined. It has been found that parameters of the periodic magnetic field have the non-monotonic influence of the heat transfer performance.

ACS Style

Mohsen Izadi; Mikhail A. Sheremet; S.A.M. Mehryan. Natural convection of a hybrid nanofluid affected by an inclined periodic magnetic field within a porous medium. Chinese Journal of Physics 2020, 65, 447 -458.

AMA Style

Mohsen Izadi, Mikhail A. Sheremet, S.A.M. Mehryan. Natural convection of a hybrid nanofluid affected by an inclined periodic magnetic field within a porous medium. Chinese Journal of Physics. 2020; 65 ():447-458.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohsen Izadi; Mikhail A. Sheremet; S.A.M. Mehryan. 2020. "Natural convection of a hybrid nanofluid affected by an inclined periodic magnetic field within a porous medium." Chinese Journal of Physics 65, no. : 447-458.

Journal article
Published: 11 March 2020 in International Journal of Mechanical Sciences
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The present study is devoted to the numerical analysis of entropy generation in the natural convection of water combined with nano-sized particles containing the encapsulated phase change material in a square enclosure with a solid triangular block. The finite element method is used for the current investigation. The effects of the Rayleigh (Ra), Stefan numbers (Ste), thermal conductivity ratio (Rk) and non-dimensional height (LY) of the triangular block, the volume fraction (φ), and the non-dimensional fusion temperature (θf) of the nano-encapsulated phase change materials are reported. The results show that the rate of heat transfer and the total entropy generation enhances with the increment of the thermal conductivity of the solid triangular block and also declines with augmentation of its height. Moreover, the generated entropy intensifies as the volume fraction of the nano-capsules increases. Finally, for high values of the Rayleigh number (Ra = 106), the total entropy generation declines as the non-dimensional fusion temperature (θf) approaches 0.5. In contrast, when the buoyancy force is low (Ra = 104), the total generated entropy elevates as θf → 0.5.

ACS Style

Seyed Mohsen Hashem Zadeh; S.A.M. Mehryan; Mikhail Sheremet; Maryam Ghodrat; Mohammad Ghalambaz. Thermo-hydrodynamic and entropy generation analysis of a dilute aqueous suspension enhanced with nano-encapsulated phase change material. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 2020, 178, 105609 .

AMA Style

Seyed Mohsen Hashem Zadeh, S.A.M. Mehryan, Mikhail Sheremet, Maryam Ghodrat, Mohammad Ghalambaz. Thermo-hydrodynamic and entropy generation analysis of a dilute aqueous suspension enhanced with nano-encapsulated phase change material. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences. 2020; 178 ():105609.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Seyed Mohsen Hashem Zadeh; S.A.M. Mehryan; Mikhail Sheremet; Maryam Ghodrat; Mohammad Ghalambaz. 2020. "Thermo-hydrodynamic and entropy generation analysis of a dilute aqueous suspension enhanced with nano-encapsulated phase change material." International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 178, no. : 105609.

Journal article
Published: 05 March 2020 in International Journal of Thermal Sciences
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This study aims to assess the natural convection heat transfer in a square cavity wherein the buoyancy-induced flow is generated by a thin flexible heater-plate inside the cavity. The vertical walls of the cavity are cold and the horizontal walls are adiabatic. The thin hot plate is assumed to be isothermal and fixed at an alterable point in the middle of the cavity with different inclination angles. To analysis the fluid-structure interaction (FSI), the finite element method along with the Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) technique is employed. Isotherms and streamlines, as well as the average Nusselt number, the dimensionless temperature in the cavity, and the maximum applied stress on the flexible plate, are studied. The results are presented as a function of Rayleigh number, Prandtl number, inclination angle, and different positions of the fixed point. The outcomes indicate the importance of the inclination angle and the position of the fixed point of the hot plate. The plate experiences significantly large values of stress when it is mounted horizontally. In the case of a plate fixed at its top, the highest stress occurs with an inclination angle of 40°. In contrast, the lowest stress is associated with the plate when it is positioned vertically.

ACS Style

S.A.M. Mehryan; Ammar Alsabery; Alireza Modir; Ehsan Izadpanahi; Mohammad Ghalambaz. Fluid-structure interaction of a hot flexible thin plate inside an enclosure. International Journal of Thermal Sciences 2020, 153, 106340 .

AMA Style

S.A.M. Mehryan, Ammar Alsabery, Alireza Modir, Ehsan Izadpanahi, Mohammad Ghalambaz. Fluid-structure interaction of a hot flexible thin plate inside an enclosure. International Journal of Thermal Sciences. 2020; 153 ():106340.

Chicago/Turabian Style

S.A.M. Mehryan; Ammar Alsabery; Alireza Modir; Ehsan Izadpanahi; Mohammad Ghalambaz. 2020. "Fluid-structure interaction of a hot flexible thin plate inside an enclosure." International Journal of Thermal Sciences 153, no. : 106340.

Journal article
Published: 15 October 2019 in International Journal of Mechanical Sciences
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The natural convection of a Nano Encapsulated Phase Change Materials (NEPCMs) suspension in a cavity with a hot wall having a time-periodic temperature is investigated. The top and bottom walls of the enclosure are insulated, the right side wall is kept at a constant temperature of Tc while the left side wall is considered as hot wall and is subjected to a time-periodic temperature. The NEPCM consist of capsules with phase change material PCM in their core. The phase change core of the capsules is covered by a shell. During the fusion or the solidification of the core, the phase change will absorb or release heat in the surrounding, when the temperature is close to the PCM fusion temperature. The partial differential equations governing the flow and heat transfer in the enclosure are formulated in the dimensionless form, and affective key dimensionless numbers and parameters are introduced. The finite element method is used to solve the governing equations. The accuracy of the results is verified by comparison to the benchmark solutions available in the literature. The average Nusselt number in the enclosure, as an indicator of the heat transfer performance, is analyzed. It is shown that the average Nusselt number in the enclosure follows a periodic variation with the same frequency of the temperature of the hot wall and with an amplitude that varies correspondingly with the temperature amplitude. The heat transfer in the cavity is enhanced when a higher fraction ϕ of the NEPCM is used, and a fraction of 5% provides the highest heat transfer. Increasing the volume fraction of nanoparticles from 2.5% to 5% enhanced the average Nusselt number by 21% and the maximum value of Nusselt number by 18.5%. The fusion temperature of nanocapsules is an important parameter affecting the thermal performance of the enclosure, mainly, when the fusion temperature is notably different from cold or hot-wall temperatures.

ACS Style

Ahmad Hajjar; S.A.M. Mehryan; Mohammad Ghalambaz. Time periodic natural convection heat transfer in a nano-encapsulated phase-change suspension. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 2019, 166, 105243 .

AMA Style

Ahmad Hajjar, S.A.M. Mehryan, Mohammad Ghalambaz. Time periodic natural convection heat transfer in a nano-encapsulated phase-change suspension. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences. 2019; 166 ():105243.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmad Hajjar; S.A.M. Mehryan; Mohammad Ghalambaz. 2019. "Time periodic natural convection heat transfer in a nano-encapsulated phase-change suspension." International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 166, no. : 105243.

Journal article
Published: 05 July 2019 in International Journal of Thermal Sciences
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Fluid-solid interaction study is conducted to investigate the effects of the flexibility of thin plate on the natural convection inside an enclosure. The plate is assumed to be at a higher temperature while the side walls are at a colder temperature and the top and bottom walls are insulated. The inclination angle of the plate is considered constant; however, other parameters such as the height and length of the plate, the elasticity modulus, Rayleigh number, and Prandtl number are varied, and their effects are studied. The grid independence study is presented, and the results are verified against available data in the literature. The effects of the plate flexibility on the flow and heat transfer are addressed. It is found that the Nusselt number and the strength of the flow decrease as the plate become more flexible. Additionally, as the plate moves toward the bottom of the cavity, the Nusselt number increase but the strength of the vortices decreases. Finally, the effects of flexibility is found to be considerable and it completely depends on the flow regime and other parameters.

ACS Style

Seyed Mohsen Hashem Zadeh; S.A.M. Mehryan; E. Izadpanahi; Mohammad Ghalambaz. Impacts of the flexibility of a thin heater plate on the natural convection heat transfer. International Journal of Thermal Sciences 2019, 145, 106001 .

AMA Style

Seyed Mohsen Hashem Zadeh, S.A.M. Mehryan, E. Izadpanahi, Mohammad Ghalambaz. Impacts of the flexibility of a thin heater plate on the natural convection heat transfer. International Journal of Thermal Sciences. 2019; 145 ():106001.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Seyed Mohsen Hashem Zadeh; S.A.M. Mehryan; E. Izadpanahi; Mohammad Ghalambaz. 2019. "Impacts of the flexibility of a thin heater plate on the natural convection heat transfer." International Journal of Thermal Sciences 145, no. : 106001.