Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is the best plant fiber source in the world and provides the raw material for industry. Verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb. is accepted as a major disease of cotton production. The most practical way to deal with verticillium wilt is to develop resistant/tolerant varieties after cultural practices. One of the effective selections in plant breeding is the use of marker-assisted selection (MAS) via quantitative trait loci (QTL). Therefore, in this study, we aimed to discover the genetic markers associated with the disease. Through the association mapping analysis, common single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were obtained using 4730 SNP alleles. As a result, twenty-three markers were associated with defoliating (PYDV6 isolate) pathotype, twenty-one markers with non-defoliating (Vd11 isolate) pathotype, ten QTL with Disease Severity Index (DSI) of the leaves at the 50–60% boll opening period and eight markers were associated with DSI in the stem section. Some of the markers that show significant associations are located on protein coding genes such as protein Mpv17-like, 21 kDa protein-like, transcription factor MYB113-like, protein dehydration-induced 19 homolog 3-like, F-box protein CPR30-like, extracellular ribonuclease LE-like, putative E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase LIN, pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein At3g62890-like, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, tubby-like F-box protein 8, endoglucanase 16-like, glucose-6-phosphate/phosphate translocator 2, metal tolerance protein 11-like, VAN3-binding protein-like, transformation/transcription domain-associated protein-like, pyruvate kinase isozyme A, ethylene-responsive transcription factor CRF2-like, molybdate transporter 2-like, IRK-interacting protein-like, glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor attachment 1 protein, U3 small nucleolar RNA-associated protein 4-like, microtubule-associated protein futsch-like, transport and Golgi organization 2 homolog, splicing factor 3B subunit 3-like, mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 15a-like, putative ankyrin repeat protein, and protein networked 1D-like. It has been reported in previous studies that most of these genes are associated with biotic and abiotic stress factors. As a result, once validated, it would be possible to use the markers obtained in the study in Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) breeding.

Molecular Breeding of Cotton | InTechOpen, Published on: 2016-11-09. Authors: Yuksel Bolek, Khezir Hayat, Adem Bardak, et

In recent years, oat plant especially for hay yield is on demand in Turkey. In this study, 167 oat landraces originated from Turkey were evaluated for germination and some early seedling stage traits and genotyped by 6K SNP Chip assay to detect candidate markers using association mapping analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) were also performed to determine relationships among investigated traits. The variation in local oat genotypes for germination and other investigated traits was found significant at the 5% significance level, except for germination rate (GR). The values for germination rate was found between 52-76% and 52-100% for germination ratio, while 12.33 to 45 mm for coleoptile length and 8 to 21 mm for radicle length. On the other hand, plumula length varied between 2 to 28.45 mm and 1301.33 to 5494.40 for seed vigor index. In the research, PC1 and PC2 value was found 41.5% and 21.5%, respectively, explaining the 63% of the total variation. Germination rate and germination ratio (GP) were positively and significantly correlated with the other investigated traits. According to the results of the association mapping analysis a total number of 43 candidate markers were observed, 10 candidate markers for germination rate, five candidate markers for germination ratio (GP), five markers for radicle length (RL), eight markers for coleoptile length (CL), seven markers for plumula length (PL) and eight markers for seed vigor index (SVI). These candidate markers identified in this study for germination and early seedling stage traits could be used in future studies.

Sumac (R. coriaria L.) is a subtropic and temperate climate plant with medicinal and aromatic properties which has a natural distribution in many regions of Anatolia. Sumac which is used as a food additive in the food industry due to the flavoring substances has been in high demand in recent years. Besides the beneficial secondary metabolites, it is used in the field of medicine and pharmacy. Sumac (R. coriaria) which grows spontaneously in the natural environment without any agricultural practices is collected by the local people in the region and supplied to the local market. Since this situation, the ideas of creating modern orchards for sumac have begun to emerge. For this reason, selection breeding studies have been planned in sumac (R. coriaria L.). This study was carried out at the East Mediterranean Transition Zone Agricultural Research Institute during 2019-2021 years. Approximately 300 different sumac genotypes were observed and botanically 92 genotypes were found positive in this study. It was determined that the wet weight values of the clusters in the examined sumac genotypes varied between 5.63-87.74 g as a result of the statistical analysis. The highest cluster weight varied between 87.74, 78.92, and 70.81 g in GN26, GN86, and GN90 genotypes respectively. The lowest cluster wet weight was found in GN28 (5.63 g) and GN41 (6.00 g) genotypes in the study. It was found in the study that the cluster powder efficiency values varied between 30.62% and 72.49% and the average cluster powder efficiency was 49.15%. It was determined that the results obtained from about 20 sumac genotypes were found to be positive in the statistical analyzes made on the characteristics examined in this study. It is aimed to use this sumac (R. coriaria L.) genotypes in the modern sumac cultivation planned for the future.

Pamuk dünyada ve ülkemizde önemli bir tekstil hammaddesi olmakla birlikte aynı zamanda lifi alındıktan sonra yağ ve yem sanayisi ile birlikte birçok endüstri koluna hammadde sağlamaktadır. Pamuk tohumunun yem ve yağ kaynağı olarak insan ve hayvan beslenmesinde kullanımını tohumun içerdiği gossypol maddesinden dolayı sınırlı kalmaktadır. Pamuk ıslah hedeflerinden biride tohumunda gossypol içermeyen çeşitlerin geliştirilmesidir. Böylece pamuktan elde edilen yağın kalitesi ve insan beslenmesinde kullanım yaygınlığı artabilecektir. Bu çalışma ile markör destekli seleksiyonu (MAS: Marker Asisted Selection) mümkün kılabilecek olan gossypol ile ilişkili markör geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma pamuk genetik stokumuzda bulunan ve yapılacak ıslah programlarında ebeveyn olarak kullanılabilecek 48 adet pamuk genotipi ile yürütülmüştür. İlişkilendirme haritalaması çalışmalarında fenotipik veri olarak gövde (adet/ cm²), yaprak (adet/ cm²), koza (adet/ cm²), tohum (adet/ mm²) daki gossypol beze sayıları ve tohum HPLC analizi verileri kullanılmıştır. Genotipik veri olarak genotipler 37 adet SSR markörünün taranması sonucu elde edilen, 83 adet polimorfik bant kullanılmıştır. Genel Linear Modelde (GLM); gövdedeki gossypol ile ilişkili 1 adet, kozadaki gossypol ile ilişki 4 adet, yapraktaki gossypol ile ilişkili 3 adet, tohumdaki gossypol ile ilişkili 8 adet, tohum HPLC sonuçları ile ilişkili 4 adet markör belirlenmiştir. Karışık linear modelde (MLM) ise gövdedeki gossypol ile ilişkili 1 adet, kozadaki gossypol ile ilişki 12 adet, yapraktaki gossypol ile ilişkili 3 adet, tohumdaki gossypol ile ilişkili 3 adet markör belirlenmiştir. Her iki yöntemde de belirlenen 5 adet (BNL3130, BNL3627, JESPR7, BNL3449, BNL387, JESPER178) markörler gossypol yönünden oluşturulmuş F₂ popülasyonları gibi özel popülasyonlarda doğrulaması yapılarak, markör destekli seleksiyonda kullanımları mümkün olacaktır.