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Dr. Jara Laso
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Energineering, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain

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0 Eco-efficiency
0 Sustainability
0 LCA
0 circular economy
0 Energy-water-food nexus

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Journal article
Published: 06 July 2021 in Sustainability
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The availability of freshwater is one of the biggest limitations and challenges of food production, as freshwater is an increasingly scarce and overexploited resource in many parts of the world. Therefore, the concept of water footprint (WF) has gained increasing interest, in the same way that the generation of food loss and waste (FLW) in food production and consumption has become a social and political concern. Along this line, the number of studies on the WF of the food production sector is currently increasing all over the world, analyzing water scarcity and water degradation as a single WF indicator or as a so-called WF profile. In Spain, there is no study assessing the influence of FLW generation along the whole food supply chain nor is there a study assessing the different FLW management options regarding the food supply chain’s WF. This study aimed to assess the spatially differentiated WF profile for 17 Spanish regions over time, analyzing the potential linkages of FLW management and water scarcity and water degradation. The assessment considered compliance and non-compliance with the Paris Agreement targets and was based on the life cycle assessment approach. Results are highlighted in a compliance framework; the scenarios found that anaerobic digestion and aerobic composting (to a lesser extent) had the lowest burdens, while scenarios with thermal treatment had the highest impact. Additionally, the regions in the north of Spain and the islands were less influenced by the type of FLW management and by compliance with the Paris Agreement targets.

ACS Style

Daniel Hoehn; María Margallo; Jara Laso; Israel Ruiz-Salmón; Ana Fernández-Ríos; Cristina Campos; Ian Vázquez-Rowe; Rubén Aldaco; Paula Quinteiro. Water Footprint Assessment of Food Loss and Waste Management Strategies in Spanish Regions. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7538 .

AMA Style

Daniel Hoehn, María Margallo, Jara Laso, Israel Ruiz-Salmón, Ana Fernández-Ríos, Cristina Campos, Ian Vázquez-Rowe, Rubén Aldaco, Paula Quinteiro. Water Footprint Assessment of Food Loss and Waste Management Strategies in Spanish Regions. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (14):7538.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniel Hoehn; María Margallo; Jara Laso; Israel Ruiz-Salmón; Ana Fernández-Ríos; Cristina Campos; Ian Vázquez-Rowe; Rubén Aldaco; Paula Quinteiro. 2021. "Water Footprint Assessment of Food Loss and Waste Management Strategies in Spanish Regions." Sustainability 13, no. 14: 7538.

Journal article
Published: 18 March 2021 in Sustainability
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There is a growing debate surrounding the contradiction between an unremitting increase in the use of resources and the search for environmental sustainability. Therefore, the concept of sustainable degrowth is emerging aiming to introduce in our societies new social values and new policies, capable of satisfying human requirements whilst reducing environmental impacts and consumption of resources. In this framework, circular economy strategies for food production and food loss and waste management systems, following the Sustainable Development Goals agenda, are being developed based on a search for circularity, but without setting limits to the continual increase in environmental impacts and resource use. This work presents a methodology for determining the percentage of degrowth needed in any food supply chain, by analyzing four scenarios in a life cycle assessment approach over time between 2020 and 2040. Results for the Spanish case study suggested a degrowth need of 26.8% in 2015 and 58.9% in 2040 in order to achieve compliance with the Paris Agreement targets, highlighting the reduction of meat and fish and seafood consumption as the most useful path.

ACS Style

Daniel Hoehn; Jara Laso; María Margallo; Israel Ruiz-Salmón; Francisco Amo-Setién; Rebeca Abajas-Bustillo; Carmen Sarabia; Ainoa Quiñones; Ian Vázquez-Rowe; Alba Bala; Laura Batlle-Bayer; Pere Fullana-I-Palmer; Rubén Aldaco. Introducing a Degrowth Approach to the Circular Economy Policies of Food Production, and Food Loss and Waste Management: Towards a Circular Bioeconomy. Sustainability 2021, 13, 3379 .

AMA Style

Daniel Hoehn, Jara Laso, María Margallo, Israel Ruiz-Salmón, Francisco Amo-Setién, Rebeca Abajas-Bustillo, Carmen Sarabia, Ainoa Quiñones, Ian Vázquez-Rowe, Alba Bala, Laura Batlle-Bayer, Pere Fullana-I-Palmer, Rubén Aldaco. Introducing a Degrowth Approach to the Circular Economy Policies of Food Production, and Food Loss and Waste Management: Towards a Circular Bioeconomy. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (6):3379.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniel Hoehn; Jara Laso; María Margallo; Israel Ruiz-Salmón; Francisco Amo-Setién; Rebeca Abajas-Bustillo; Carmen Sarabia; Ainoa Quiñones; Ian Vázquez-Rowe; Alba Bala; Laura Batlle-Bayer; Pere Fullana-I-Palmer; Rubén Aldaco. 2021. "Introducing a Degrowth Approach to the Circular Economy Policies of Food Production, and Food Loss and Waste Management: Towards a Circular Bioeconomy." Sustainability 13, no. 6: 3379.

Journal article
Published: 05 March 2021 in Sustainability
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The United Nations has adopted 17 sustainable development goals for 2030 with environmental sustainability being one of the main pillars. A key point to address this pillar is the proper management of waste generation. Within the broad spectrum of waste types, food loss and waste is produced worldwide in large quantities. In this framework, the development of composite indexes is recommended to measure the level of compliance of any context with Sustainable Development Goals. This work presents a novel composite index for food loss and waste generation and management systems, the so-called sustainable development goals-food (SDG-Food) index, aiming to determine the level of compliance of any concrete national, regional, or local context regarding five different sustainable development goals with a water-climate-food nexus thinking. The pilot case study of Spain is presented by analyzing the environmental performance between 2015 and 2040 in a context of (i) compliance and (ii) non-compliance with the Paris Agreement targets. Additionally, four different diets are assessed. Results suggested a numerical index score of 13.79, highlighting the categories of eggs, cereals, meat, and vegetables, and the stages of agricultural production and consumption, as the furthers ones for compliance with the five SDG assessed. Moreover, the scenario of compliance with the Paris agreement targets presented better values for all stages, and a vegan diet was highlighted as the one with the best index score.

ACS Style

Daniel Hoehn; María Margallo; Jara Laso; Israel Ruiz-Salmón; Laura Batlle-Bayer; Alba Bala; Pere Fullana-I-Palmer; Rubén Aldaco. A Novel Composite Index for the Development of Decentralized Food Production, Food Loss, and Waste Management Policies: A Water-Climate-Food Nexus Approach. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2839 .

AMA Style

Daniel Hoehn, María Margallo, Jara Laso, Israel Ruiz-Salmón, Laura Batlle-Bayer, Alba Bala, Pere Fullana-I-Palmer, Rubén Aldaco. A Novel Composite Index for the Development of Decentralized Food Production, Food Loss, and Waste Management Policies: A Water-Climate-Food Nexus Approach. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (5):2839.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniel Hoehn; María Margallo; Jara Laso; Israel Ruiz-Salmón; Laura Batlle-Bayer; Alba Bala; Pere Fullana-I-Palmer; Rubén Aldaco. 2021. "A Novel Composite Index for the Development of Decentralized Food Production, Food Loss, and Waste Management Policies: A Water-Climate-Food Nexus Approach." Sustainability 13, no. 5: 2839.

Journal article
Published: 24 December 2020 in Sustainability
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The generation of food loss and waste (FLW) is a global problem for worldwide politics. About one-third of the food produced ends up in the rubbish before it is consumed. For this reason, it is essential to design and implement new strategies along the food supply chain (FSC) with the aim of reducing this FLW at each stage. However, not only mass quantification should be considered, but also economic and nutritional performance. The novelty of this study is the definition of a methodology based on the “distance to target” approach by means of multi-objective optimization to evaluate the economic and nutritional cost produced by this FLW. This methodology was applied to the Spanish food basket in 2015. The results revealed that 80% of the total FLW generated in economic and nutritional terms is concentrated in the agricultural production (53.3%) and consumption (26.3%) stages. In the first stages of the FSC, fruits (Dn eq.= 0.7), cereals (Dn eq.= 0.61), and vegetables (Dn eq.= 0.57) were the furthest from the distance target due to the great amount of FLW generated. Moreover, according to the normalized weighted distances obtained from the minimization of economic and nutritional cost, pulses (Dn eq. = 0.05–0.03) and eggs (Dn eq. = 0.02) were the more efficient food categories. The methodology described in this study proposes a single index to quantify the economic and nutritional cost of different food categories to facilitate the decision-making process. This index makes possible the definition of reduction strategies focused on specific food categories and depending on the FSC stage.

ACS Style

Jara Laso; Cristina Campos; Ana Fernández-Ríos; Daniel Hoehn; Andrea del Río; Israel Ruiz-Salmón; Jorge Cristobal; Ainoa Quiñones; Francisco Amo-Setién; María Ortego; Sergio Tezanos; Rebeca Abajas; Alba Bala; Pere Fullana-I-Palmer; Rita Puig; María Margallo; Rubén Aldaco; Ricardo Abejón. Looking for Answers to Food Loss and Waste Management in Spain from a Holistic Nutritional and Economic Approach. Sustainability 2020, 13, 125 .

AMA Style

Jara Laso, Cristina Campos, Ana Fernández-Ríos, Daniel Hoehn, Andrea del Río, Israel Ruiz-Salmón, Jorge Cristobal, Ainoa Quiñones, Francisco Amo-Setién, María Ortego, Sergio Tezanos, Rebeca Abajas, Alba Bala, Pere Fullana-I-Palmer, Rita Puig, María Margallo, Rubén Aldaco, Ricardo Abejón. Looking for Answers to Food Loss and Waste Management in Spain from a Holistic Nutritional and Economic Approach. Sustainability. 2020; 13 (1):125.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jara Laso; Cristina Campos; Ana Fernández-Ríos; Daniel Hoehn; Andrea del Río; Israel Ruiz-Salmón; Jorge Cristobal; Ainoa Quiñones; Francisco Amo-Setién; María Ortego; Sergio Tezanos; Rebeca Abajas; Alba Bala; Pere Fullana-I-Palmer; Rita Puig; María Margallo; Rubén Aldaco; Ricardo Abejón. 2020. "Looking for Answers to Food Loss and Waste Management in Spain from a Holistic Nutritional and Economic Approach." Sustainability 13, no. 1: 125.

Journal article
Published: 28 November 2020 in Foods
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Food loss and waste (FLW) has become a central concern in the social and political debate. Simultaneously, using FLW as a bioenergy source could significantly contribute to closing the carbon cycle by reintroducing energy into the food supply chain. This study aims to identify best strategies for FLW management in each of the 17 regions in Spain, through the application of a Life Cycle Assessment. To this end, an evaluation of the environmental performance over time between 2015 and 2040 of five different FLW management scenarios implemented in a framework of (i) compliance and (ii) non-compliance with the targets of the Paris Agreement was performed. Results revealed savings in the consumption of abiotic resources in those regions in which thermal treatment has a strong presence, although their greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in a scenario of compliance with climate change targets are higher. In contrast, scenarios that include anaerobic digestion and, to a lesser extent those applying aerobic composting, present lower impacts, including climate change, suggesting improvements of 20–60% in non-compliance and 20–80% in compliance with Paris Agreement targets, compared to the current scenarios.

ACS Style

Daniel Hoehn; Jara Laso; Jorge Cristóbal; Israel Ruiz-Salmón; Isabela Butnar; Aiduan Borrion; Alba Bala; Pere Fullana-I-Palmer; Ian Vázquez-Rowe; Rubén Aldaco; María Margallo. Regionalized Strategies for Food Loss and Waste Management in Spain under a Life Cycle Thinking Approach. Foods 2020, 9, 1765 .

AMA Style

Daniel Hoehn, Jara Laso, Jorge Cristóbal, Israel Ruiz-Salmón, Isabela Butnar, Aiduan Borrion, Alba Bala, Pere Fullana-I-Palmer, Ian Vázquez-Rowe, Rubén Aldaco, María Margallo. Regionalized Strategies for Food Loss and Waste Management in Spain under a Life Cycle Thinking Approach. Foods. 2020; 9 (12):1765.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniel Hoehn; Jara Laso; Jorge Cristóbal; Israel Ruiz-Salmón; Isabela Butnar; Aiduan Borrion; Alba Bala; Pere Fullana-I-Palmer; Ian Vázquez-Rowe; Rubén Aldaco; María Margallo. 2020. "Regionalized Strategies for Food Loss and Waste Management in Spain under a Life Cycle Thinking Approach." Foods 9, no. 12: 1765.

Journal article
Published: 16 November 2020 in Foods
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Current food consumption patterns must be revised in order to improve their sustainability. The nutritional, environmental, and economic consequences of these dietary patterns must be taken into consideration when diet guidelines are proposed. This study applied a systematic optimization methodology to define sustainable dietary patterns complying with nutritional, environmental, and economic issues. The methodology was based on a multi-objective optimization model that considered a distance-to-target approach. Although the three simultaneous objectives (maximal nutritional contribution, minimal greenhouse gas emissions, and minimal costs) could be divergent, the proposed model identified the optimal intake of each food product to achieve the maximal level of nutritional, environmental, and economic diets. This model was applied to six different eating patterns within the Spanish context: one based on current food consumption and five alternative diets. The results revealed that dietary patterns with improved nutritional profiles and reduced environmental impacts could be defined without additional costs just by increasing the consumption of vegetables, fruits, and legumes, while reducing the intake of meat and fish.

ACS Style

Ricardo Abejón; Laura Batlle-Bayer; Jara Laso; Alba Bala; Ian Vazquez-Rowe; Gustavo Larrea-Gallegos; María Margallo; Israel Ruiz-Salmón; Jorge Cristobal; Rita Puig; Pere Fullana-I-Palmer; Rubén Aldaco. Multi-Objective Optimization of Nutritional, Environmental and Economic Aspects of Diets Applied to the Spanish Context. Foods 2020, 9, 1677 .

AMA Style

Ricardo Abejón, Laura Batlle-Bayer, Jara Laso, Alba Bala, Ian Vazquez-Rowe, Gustavo Larrea-Gallegos, María Margallo, Israel Ruiz-Salmón, Jorge Cristobal, Rita Puig, Pere Fullana-I-Palmer, Rubén Aldaco. Multi-Objective Optimization of Nutritional, Environmental and Economic Aspects of Diets Applied to the Spanish Context. Foods. 2020; 9 (11):1677.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ricardo Abejón; Laura Batlle-Bayer; Jara Laso; Alba Bala; Ian Vazquez-Rowe; Gustavo Larrea-Gallegos; María Margallo; Israel Ruiz-Salmón; Jorge Cristobal; Rita Puig; Pere Fullana-I-Palmer; Rubén Aldaco. 2020. "Multi-Objective Optimization of Nutritional, Environmental and Economic Aspects of Diets Applied to the Spanish Context." Foods 9, no. 11: 1677.

Journal article
Published: 13 October 2020 in Applied Sciences
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Recent studies have identified that buildings all over the world are great contributors to energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. The relationship between the building industry and environmental pollution is continuously discussed. The building industry includes many phases: extraction of raw materials, manufacturing, construction, use, and demolition. Each phase consumes a large amount of energy, and subsequent emissions are released. The life cycle energy assessment (LCEA) is a simplified version of the life cycle assessment (LCA) that focuses only on the evaluation of energy inputs for different phases of the life cycle. Operational energy is the energy required for day-to-day operation processes of buildings, such as heating, cooling and ventilation systems, lighting, as well as appliances. This use phase accounts for the largest portion of energy consumption of the life cycle of conventional buildings. In addition, energy performance certification of buildings is an obligation under current European legislation, which promotes efficient energy use, so it is necessary to ensure that the energy performance of the building is upgraded to meet minimum requirements. For this purpose, this work proposes the consideration of the energy impacts and material resources used in the operation phase of a building to calculate the contribution of these energy impacts as new variables for the energy performance certification. The application of this new approach to the evaluation of university buildings has been selected as a case study. From a methodological point of view, the approach relied on the energy consumption records obtained from energy and materials audit exercises with the aid of LCA databases. Taking into practice the proposed methodology, the primary energy impact and the related emissions were assessed to simplify the decision-making process for the energy certification of buildings. From the results obtained, it was concluded that the consumption of water and other consumable items (paper) are important from energy and environmental perspectives.

ACS Style

Ricardo Abejón; Jara Laso; Marta Rodrigo; Israel Ruiz-Salmón; Mario Mañana; María Margallo; Rubén Aldaco. Toward Energy Savings in Campus Buildings under a Life Cycle Thinking Approach. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 7123 .

AMA Style

Ricardo Abejón, Jara Laso, Marta Rodrigo, Israel Ruiz-Salmón, Mario Mañana, María Margallo, Rubén Aldaco. Toward Energy Savings in Campus Buildings under a Life Cycle Thinking Approach. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (20):7123.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ricardo Abejón; Jara Laso; Marta Rodrigo; Israel Ruiz-Salmón; Mario Mañana; María Margallo; Rubén Aldaco. 2020. "Toward Energy Savings in Campus Buildings under a Life Cycle Thinking Approach." Applied Sciences 10, no. 20: 7123.

Journal article
Published: 11 April 2019 in Energies
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Municipal solid waste (MSW) collection is an important issue in the development and management of smart cities, having a significant influence on environmental sustainability. Door-to-door and pneumatic collection are two systems that represent a way of arranging waste collection in city´s historic areas in Spain where conventional street-side container collection is not feasible. Since door-to-door collection generates significant direct greenhouse gas emissions from trucks, pneumatic collection emerges as an alternative to the trucking system. While this technology apparently reduces local direct air emissions, it suffers from a large energy demand derived from vacuum production for waste suction. The introduction of new normative frameworks regarding the selective collection of the biodegradable fraction makes necessary a comprehensive analysis to assess the influence of this fraction collection and its subsequent recycling by anaerobic digestion. As a novelty, this work compares both conventional door-to-door and pneumatic collection systems from a life cycle approach focusing on the biodegradable waste. Results indicate that, in spite of the fact electricity production and consumption have a significant influence on the results, the energy savings from the recycling of the organic fraction are higher than the energy requirements. Therefore, the pneumatic collection could be an environmentally-friendly option for MSW management under a circular economy approach in Spanish city´s historic areas, since wastes could be a material or energy source opportunity.

ACS Style

Jara Laso; Isabel García-Herrero; María Margallo; Alba Bala; Pere Fullana-I-Palmer; Angel Irabien; Rubén Aldaco. LCA-based Comparison of Two Organic Fraction Municipal Solid Waste Collection Systems in Historical Centres in Spain. Energies 2019, 12, 1407 .

AMA Style

Jara Laso, Isabel García-Herrero, María Margallo, Alba Bala, Pere Fullana-I-Palmer, Angel Irabien, Rubén Aldaco. LCA-based Comparison of Two Organic Fraction Municipal Solid Waste Collection Systems in Historical Centres in Spain. Energies. 2019; 12 (7):1407.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jara Laso; Isabel García-Herrero; María Margallo; Alba Bala; Pere Fullana-I-Palmer; Angel Irabien; Rubén Aldaco. 2019. "LCA-based Comparison of Two Organic Fraction Municipal Solid Waste Collection Systems in Historical Centres in Spain." Energies 12, no. 7: 1407.

Journal article
Published: 25 February 2019 in Energies
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Recently, important efforts have been made to define food loss management strategies. Most strategies have mainly been focused on mass and energy recovery through mixed food loss in centralised recovery models. This work aims to highlight the need to address a decentralised food loss management, in order to manage the different fractions and on each of the different stages of the food supply chain. For this purpose, an energy flow analysis is made, through the calculation of the primary energy demand of four stages and 11 food categories of the Spanish food supply chain in 2015. The energy efficiency assessment is conducted under a resource use perspective, using the energy return on investment (EROI) ratio, and a circular economy perspective, developing an Energy return on investment – Circular economy index (EROIce), based on a food waste-to-energy-to-food approach. Results suggest that the embodied energy loss consist of 17% of the total primary energy demand, and related to the food categories, the vegetarian diet appears to be the most efficient, followed by the pescetarian diet. Comparing food energy loss values with the estimated energy provided for one consumer, it is highlighted the fact that the food energy loss generated by two to three persons amounts to one person's total daily intake. Moreover, cereals is the category responsible for the highest percentage on the total food energy loss (44%); following by meat, fish and seafood and vegetables. When the results of food energy loss and embodied energy loss are related, it is observed that categories such as meat and fish and seafood have a very high primary energy demand to produce less food, besides that the parts of the food supply chain with more energy recovery potential are the beginning and the end. Finally, the EROIce analysis shows that in the categories of meat, fish and seafood and cereals, anaerobic digestion and composting is the best option for energy recovery. From the results, it is discussed the possibility to developed local digesters at the beginning and end of the food supply chain, as well as to developed double digesters installations for hydrogen recovery from cereals loss, and methane recovery from mixed food loss.

ACS Style

Daniel Hoehn; María Margallo; Jara Laso; Isabel García-Herrero; Alba Bala; Pere Fullana-I-Palmer; Angel Irabien; Rubén Aldaco. Energy Embedded in Food Loss Management and in the Production of Uneaten Food: Seeking a Sustainable Pathway. Energies 2019, 12, 767 .

AMA Style

Daniel Hoehn, María Margallo, Jara Laso, Isabel García-Herrero, Alba Bala, Pere Fullana-I-Palmer, Angel Irabien, Rubén Aldaco. Energy Embedded in Food Loss Management and in the Production of Uneaten Food: Seeking a Sustainable Pathway. Energies. 2019; 12 (4):767.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniel Hoehn; María Margallo; Jara Laso; Isabel García-Herrero; Alba Bala; Pere Fullana-I-Palmer; Angel Irabien; Rubén Aldaco. 2019. "Energy Embedded in Food Loss Management and in the Production of Uneaten Food: Seeking a Sustainable Pathway." Energies 12, no. 4: 767.

Journal article
Published: 04 December 2018 in Energies
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Feeding the world’s population sustainably is a major challenge of our society, and was stated as one of the key priorities for development cooperation by the European Union (EU) policy framework on food security. However, with the current trend of natural resource exploitation, food systems consume around 30% of final energy use, generating up to 30% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Given the expected increase of global population (nine billion people by 2050) and the amount of food losses and waste generated (one-third of global food production), improving the efficiency of food systems along the supply chain is essential to ensure food security. This study combines life-cycle assessment (LCA) and data envelopment analysis (DEA) to assess the efficiency of Spanish agri-food system and to propose improvement actions in order to reduce energy usage and GHG emissions. An average energy saving of approximately 70% is estimated for the Spanish agri-food system in order to be efficient. This study highlights the importance of the DEA method as a tool for energy optimization, identifying efficient and inefficient food systems. This approach could be adopted by administrations, policy-makers, and producers as a helpful instrument to support decision-making and improve the sustainability of agri-food systems.

ACS Style

Jara Laso; Daniel Hoehn; María Margallo; Isabel García-Herrero; Laura Batlle-Bayer; Alba Bala; Pere Fullana-I-Palmer; Ian Vázquez-Rowe; Angel Irabien; Rubén Aldaco. Assessing Energy and Environmental Efficiency of the Spanish Agri-Food System Using the LCA/DEA Methodology. Energies 2018, 11, 3395 .

AMA Style

Jara Laso, Daniel Hoehn, María Margallo, Isabel García-Herrero, Laura Batlle-Bayer, Alba Bala, Pere Fullana-I-Palmer, Ian Vázquez-Rowe, Angel Irabien, Rubén Aldaco. Assessing Energy and Environmental Efficiency of the Spanish Agri-Food System Using the LCA/DEA Methodology. Energies. 2018; 11 (12):3395.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jara Laso; Daniel Hoehn; María Margallo; Isabel García-Herrero; Laura Batlle-Bayer; Alba Bala; Pere Fullana-I-Palmer; Ian Vázquez-Rowe; Angel Irabien; Rubén Aldaco. 2018. "Assessing Energy and Environmental Efficiency of the Spanish Agri-Food System Using the LCA/DEA Methodology." Energies 11, no. 12: 3395.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2018 in Marine Policy
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Life Cycle Assessment and Data Envelopment Analysis have been repeatedly combined in the literature as LCA+DEA method with the aim of enhancing the utility of life-cycle based methods in order to account for eco-efficiency verification and environmental impact minimization. Despite its evolution through time, it lacks specific standards that norm the combination of the two methods. In this sense, this study noted that its development has evolved in the frame of mainstream cultural perspectives to measure environmental impacts (i.e., hierarchist approaches). Therefore, the main objective of the study is to compare the benchmarking results obtained through DEA computation using different Cultural Theory approaches to calculate environmental impacts. For this, a case study for the Cantabrian purse seining fishing fleet was chosen. Hence, three different DEA matrices were constructed attending to the three main human visions on environmental issues: hierarchist, individualist and egalitarian. All three matrices represented the same set of inputs to be optimized, but differed in the nature of the output flow, representing landed fish, energy content or biomass removal. Results suggest that optimization of environmental impacts is strongly influenced by the cultural perspective selected. In the particular case of fishing fleets, benchmarking environmental impacts based on anthropocentric views may be ignoring the health of fishing stocks and the trophic complexity of the ecosystems. Methodological conclusions are directed towards the need to define more flexible and holistic frameworks in LCA+DEA modelling with the aim of enrichening the set of predetermined assumptions, including the Cultural Theory, to avoid biased interpretations.

ACS Style

Jara Laso; Ian Vázquez-Rowe; María Margallo; Ángel Irabien; Rubén Aldaco. Revisiting the LCA+DEA method in fishing fleets. How should we be measuring efficiency? Marine Policy 2018, 91, 34 -40.

AMA Style

Jara Laso, Ian Vázquez-Rowe, María Margallo, Ángel Irabien, Rubén Aldaco. Revisiting the LCA+DEA method in fishing fleets. How should we be measuring efficiency? Marine Policy. 2018; 91 ():34-40.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jara Laso; Ian Vázquez-Rowe; María Margallo; Ángel Irabien; Rubén Aldaco. 2018. "Revisiting the LCA+DEA method in fishing fleets. How should we be measuring efficiency?" Marine Policy 91, no. : 34-40.

Journal article
Published: 22 November 2017 in Science of The Total Environment
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In a global framework of growing concern for food security and environmental protection, the selection of food products with higher protein content and lower environmental impact is a challenge. To assess the reliability of different strategies along the food supply chain, a measure of food cost through the environmental impact-protein content binomial is necessary. This study proposes a standardized method to calculate the Green Protein Footprint (GPF) index, a method that assesses both the environmental impact of a food product and its protein content provided to consumers. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was used to calculate the environmental impact of the selected food products, and a Life Cycle Protein Assessment (LCPA) was performed by accounting for the protein content along the supply chain. Although the GPF can be applied to all food chain products, this paper is focused on European anchovy-based products for indirect human consumption (fishmeal) and for direct human consumption (fresh, salted and canned anchovies). Moreover, the circular economy concept was applied considering the valorization of the anchovy residues generated during the canning process. These residues were used to produce fishmeal, which was employed in bass aquaculture. Hence, humans are finally consuming fish protein from the residues, closing the loop of the original product life cycle. More elaborated, multi-ingredient food products (salted and canned anchovy products), presented higher GPF values due to higher environmental impacts. Furthermore, the increase of food loss throughout their life cycle caused a decrease in the protein content. Regarding salted and canned products, the packaging was the main hotspot. The influence of the packaging was evaluated using the GPF, reaffirming that plastic was the best alternative. These results highlighted the importance of improving packaging materials in food products.

ACS Style

Jara Laso; María Margallo; María Serrano; Ian Vázquez-Rowe; Angel Avadí; Pere Fullana; Alba Bala; Cristina Gazulla; Ángel Irabien; Rubén Aldaco. Introducing the Green Protein Footprint method as an understandable measure of the environmental cost of anchovy consumption. Science of The Total Environment 2017, 621, 40 -53.

AMA Style

Jara Laso, María Margallo, María Serrano, Ian Vázquez-Rowe, Angel Avadí, Pere Fullana, Alba Bala, Cristina Gazulla, Ángel Irabien, Rubén Aldaco. Introducing the Green Protein Footprint method as an understandable measure of the environmental cost of anchovy consumption. Science of The Total Environment. 2017; 621 ():40-53.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jara Laso; María Margallo; María Serrano; Ian Vázquez-Rowe; Angel Avadí; Pere Fullana; Alba Bala; Cristina Gazulla; Ángel Irabien; Rubén Aldaco. 2017. "Introducing the Green Protein Footprint method as an understandable measure of the environmental cost of anchovy consumption." Science of The Total Environment 621, no. : 40-53.

Journal article
Published: 17 May 2017 in Sustainability
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The EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS), which is a cornerstone of the EU’s policy to combat climate change, has been criticised by its effects on the competitiveness of intensive energy demanding industries, and in particular, of the chlor-alkali sector. The main chlorine application in Europe is the production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) from ethylene dichloride (EDC) as intermediate. Since chlorine is mainly traded in terms of derivatives, the aim of this work is to assess the vulnerability of the European chlor-alkali industry to chlorine replacement by imported EDC. An Energetic, Economic and Environmental Sustainability Assessment (EEESA) methodology is proposed based on the main variables affecting EDC production. Moreover, the influence of the EU ETS compensation measures and the emission allowance price in the current (mercury, diaphragm and membrane) and emergent (oxygen-depolarized cathodes (ODC)) technologies is studied. The most vulnerable scenarios become mercury and diaphragm technologies due to energy consumption. However, the salt price dependency on the quality requirements substantially influences the EEESA results. This analysis also shows the importance of hydrogen valorisation, whose major impact is observed in ODC scenario.

ACS Style

Isabel Garcia-Herrero; Maria Margallo; Jara Laso; Raquel Onandía; Angel Irabien; Ruben Aldaco. Measuring the Vulnerability of an Energy Intensive Sector to the EU ETS under a Life Cycle Approach: The Case of the Chlor-Alkali Industry. Sustainability 2017, 9, 837 .

AMA Style

Isabel Garcia-Herrero, Maria Margallo, Jara Laso, Raquel Onandía, Angel Irabien, Ruben Aldaco. Measuring the Vulnerability of an Energy Intensive Sector to the EU ETS under a Life Cycle Approach: The Case of the Chlor-Alkali Industry. Sustainability. 2017; 9 (5):837.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Isabel Garcia-Herrero; Maria Margallo; Jara Laso; Raquel Onandía; Angel Irabien; Ruben Aldaco. 2017. "Measuring the Vulnerability of an Energy Intensive Sector to the EU ETS under a Life Cycle Approach: The Case of the Chlor-Alkali Industry." Sustainability 9, no. 5: 837.

Journal article
Published: 13 April 2017 in The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment
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The main purpose of this article is to assess the environmental impacts associated with the fishing operations related to European anchovy fishing in Cantabria (northern Spain) under a life cycle approach. The life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology was applied for this case study including construction, maintenance, use, and end of life of the vessels. The functional unit used was 1 kg of landed round anchovy at port. Inventory data were collected for the main inputs and outputs of 32 vessels, representing a majority of vessels in the fleet. Results indicated, in a similar line to what is reported in the literature, that the production, transportation, and use of diesel were the main environmental hot spots in conventional impact categories. Moreover, in this case, the production and transportation of seine nets was also relevant. Impacts linked to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions suggest that emissions were in the upper range for fishing species captured with seine nets and the value of global warming potential (GWP) was 1.44 kg CO2 eq per functional unit. The ecotoxicity impacts were mainly due to the emissions of antifouling substances to the ocean. Regarding fishery-specific categories, many were discarded given the lack of detailed stock assessments for this fishery. Hence, only the biotic resource use category was computed, demonstrating that the ecosystems’ effort to sustain the fishery is relatively low. The use of the LCA methodology allowed identifying the main environmental hot spots of the purse seining fleet targeting European anchovy in Cantabria. Individualized results per port or per vessel suggested that there are significant differences in GHG emissions between groups. In addition, fuel use is high when compared to similar fisheries. Therefore, research needs to be undertaken to identify why fuel use is so high, particularly if it is related to biomass and fisheries management or if skipper decisions could play a role.

ACS Style

Jara Laso; Ian Vázquez-Rowe; María Margallo; Rosa M. Crujeiras; A Irabien; Rubén Aldaco. Life cycle assessment of European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) landed by purse seine vessels in northern Spain. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 2017, 23, 1107 -1125.

AMA Style

Jara Laso, Ian Vázquez-Rowe, María Margallo, Rosa M. Crujeiras, A Irabien, Rubén Aldaco. Life cycle assessment of European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) landed by purse seine vessels in northern Spain. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment. 2017; 23 (5):1107-1125.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jara Laso; Ian Vázquez-Rowe; María Margallo; Rosa M. Crujeiras; A Irabien; Rubén Aldaco. 2017. "Life cycle assessment of European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) landed by purse seine vessels in northern Spain." The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 23, no. 5: 1107-1125.

Book chapter
Published: 01 January 2017 in Computer Aided Chemical Engineering
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ACS Style

Isabel Garcia-Herrero; Jara Laso; Maria Margallo; Kefah Hjaila; Alba Bala; Cristina Gazulla; Pere Fullana; Ian Vazquez-Rowe; Angel Irabien; Ruben Aldaco. Addressing decision-making in the process industry using life cycle approach coupled to Linear Programming: A case study on anchovy canning industry in Cantabria Region (Northern Spain). Computer Aided Chemical Engineering 2017, 40, 2023 -2028.

AMA Style

Isabel Garcia-Herrero, Jara Laso, Maria Margallo, Kefah Hjaila, Alba Bala, Cristina Gazulla, Pere Fullana, Ian Vazquez-Rowe, Angel Irabien, Ruben Aldaco. Addressing decision-making in the process industry using life cycle approach coupled to Linear Programming: A case study on anchovy canning industry in Cantabria Region (Northern Spain). Computer Aided Chemical Engineering. 2017; 40 ():2023-2028.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Isabel Garcia-Herrero; Jara Laso; Maria Margallo; Kefah Hjaila; Alba Bala; Cristina Gazulla; Pere Fullana; Ian Vazquez-Rowe; Angel Irabien; Ruben Aldaco. 2017. "Addressing decision-making in the process industry using life cycle approach coupled to Linear Programming: A case study on anchovy canning industry in Cantabria Region (Northern Spain)." Computer Aided Chemical Engineering 40, no. : 2023-2028.