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This study aims to investigate the effect of two different groups of phenolic compounds (the alkylphenols nonylphenol (NP) and octylphenol (OP), and the chlorophenol pentachlorophenol (PCP)) on constructed wetlands (CWs) performance, including on organic matter, nutrients and contaminants removal efficiency, and on microbial community structure in the plant bed substrate. CWs were assembled at lab scale simulating a vertical flow configuration and irrigated along eight weeks with Ribeira de Joane (an urban stream) water not doped (control) or doped with a mixture of NP and OP or with PCP (at a 100 μg·L−1 concentration each). The presence of the phenolic contaminants did not interfere in the removal of organic matter or nutrients in CWs in the long term. Removals of NP and OP were >99%, whereas PCP removals varied between 87% and 98%, mainly due to biodegradation. Microbial richness, diversity and dominance in CWs substrate were generally not affected by phenolic compounds, with only PCP decreasing diversity. Microbial community structure, however, showed that there was an adaptation of the microbial community to the presence of each contaminant, with several specialist genera being enriched following exposure. The three more abundant specialist genera were Methylotenera and Methylophilus (methylophilaceae family) and Hyphomicrobium (hyphomicrobiaceae family) when the systems were exposed to a mixture of NP and OP. When exposed to PCP, the three more abundant genera were Denitromonas (Rhodocyclaceae family), Xenococcus_PCC_7305 (Xenococcaceae family) and Rhodocyclaceae_uncultured (Rhodocyclaceae family). To increase CWs efficiency in the elimination of phenolic compounds, namely PCP which was not totally removed, strategies to stimulate (namely biostimulation) or increase (namely bioaugmentation) the presence of these bacteria should be explore. This study clearly shows the potential of vertical flow CWs for the removal of phenolic compounds, a still little explored subject, contributing to promote the use of CWs as nature-based solutions to remediate water contaminated with different families of persistent and/or emergent contaminants.
Inês Montenegro; Ana Mucha; Maria Tomasino; Carlos Gomes; Cristina Almeida. Alkylphenols and Chlorophenols Remediation in Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands: Removal Efficiency and Microbial Community Response. Water 2021, 13, 715 .
AMA StyleInês Montenegro, Ana Mucha, Maria Tomasino, Carlos Gomes, Cristina Almeida. Alkylphenols and Chlorophenols Remediation in Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands: Removal Efficiency and Microbial Community Response. Water. 2021; 13 (5):715.
Chicago/Turabian StyleInês Montenegro; Ana Mucha; Maria Tomasino; Carlos Gomes; Cristina Almeida. 2021. "Alkylphenols and Chlorophenols Remediation in Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands: Removal Efficiency and Microbial Community Response." Water 13, no. 5: 715.
The bioremediation potential of microorganisms from a saltmarsh plant rhizosphere and application of bioaugmentation in estuarine sediment co-contaminated were investigated. Rhizosediment (sediment in contact with plant roots) of Juncus maritimus was contaminated with copper and/or petroleum, inoculated with different autochthonous microbial consortia (resistant to copper and/or with petroleum degraders) and put in vessels to which plants were transplanted. Vessels were irrigated through a system that simulated estuarine tides. After 5 months, vessels were dismantled and copper and petroleum content in rhizosediments were determined. Copper’s presence reduced the potential of the microorganisms associated to J. maritimus rhizosphere for bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons in co-contaminated sediment. Indeed, hydrocarbons removal decreased from 39 to 25% when copper was present. In addition, bioaugmentation was not effective to overcome metal negative effects on petroleum hydrocarbons degradation, and the same removal rate was being observed (ca. 25%). Different methodologies for the formulation of consortia must be tested in this situation of co-contamination. Obtained results should be taken in consideration when planning the recovery of moderately impacted estuaries, aiming an effective protection and management of these areas, in the case of co-contamination.
Inês Paes De Faria Monteiro Montenegro; Ana Paula Mucha; I. Reis; P. Rodrigues; C. M. R. Almeida. Copper effect in petroleum hydrocarbons biodegradation by microorganisms associated to Juncus maritimus: role of autochthonous bioaugmentation. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 2016, 14, 943 -955.
AMA StyleInês Paes De Faria Monteiro Montenegro, Ana Paula Mucha, I. Reis, P. Rodrigues, C. M. R. Almeida. Copper effect in petroleum hydrocarbons biodegradation by microorganisms associated to Juncus maritimus: role of autochthonous bioaugmentation. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 2016; 14 (5):943-955.
Chicago/Turabian StyleInês Paes De Faria Monteiro Montenegro; Ana Paula Mucha; I. Reis; P. Rodrigues; C. M. R. Almeida. 2016. "Copper effect in petroleum hydrocarbons biodegradation by microorganisms associated to Juncus maritimus: role of autochthonous bioaugmentation." International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 14, no. 5: 943-955.
This work aimed to investigate, under controlled but environmental relevant conditions, the effects of the presence of both inorganic and organic contaminants (copper and petroleum hydrocarbons) on phytoremediation potential of the salt marsh plant Juncus maritimus. Moreover, bioaugmentation, with an autochthonous microbial consortium (AMC) resistant to Cu, was tested, aiming an increase in the remediation potential of this plant in the presence of a co-contamination. Salt marsh plants with sediment attached to their roots were collected, placed in vessels, and kept in greenhouses, under tidal simulation. Sediments were contaminated with Cu and petroleum, and the AMC was added to half of the vessels. After 5 months, plants accumulated significant amounts of Cu but only in belowground structures. The amount of Cu was even higher in the presence of petroleum. AMC addition increased Cu accumulation in belowground tissues, despite decreasing Cu bioavailability, promoting J. maritimus phytostabilization potential. Therefore, J. maritimus has potential to phytoremediate co-contaminated sediments, and autochthonous bioaugmentation can be a valuable strategy for the recovery and management of moderately impacted estuaries. This approach can contribute for a sustainable use of the environmental resources.
I. P. F. M. Montenegro; A. P. Mucha; I. Reis; P. Rodrigues; C. Marisa Almeida. Effect of petroleum hydrocarbons in copper phytoremediation by a salt marsh plant (Juncus maritimus) and the role of autochthonous bioaugmentation. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2016, 23, 19471 -19480.
AMA StyleI. P. F. M. Montenegro, A. P. Mucha, I. Reis, P. Rodrigues, C. Marisa Almeida. Effect of petroleum hydrocarbons in copper phytoremediation by a salt marsh plant (Juncus maritimus) and the role of autochthonous bioaugmentation. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2016; 23 (19):19471-19480.
Chicago/Turabian StyleI. P. F. M. Montenegro; A. P. Mucha; I. Reis; P. Rodrigues; C. Marisa Almeida. 2016. "Effect of petroleum hydrocarbons in copper phytoremediation by a salt marsh plant (Juncus maritimus) and the role of autochthonous bioaugmentation." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 23, no. 19: 19471-19480.