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To identify the associations of temperature with non-COVID-19 mortality and all-cause mortality in the pandemic 2020 in comparison with the non-COVID-19 period in Italy. The data on 3,189,790 all-cause deaths (including 3,134,137 non-COVID-19 deaths) and meteorological conditions in 107 Italian provinces between February 1st and November 30th in each year of 2015–2020 were collected. We employed a time-stratified case-crossover study design combined with the distributed lag non-linear model to investigate the relationships of temperature with all-cause and non-COVID-19 mortality in the pandemic and non-pandemic periods. Cold temperature exposure contributed higher risks for both all-cause and non-COVID-19 mortality in the pandemic period in 2020 than in 2015–2019. However, no different change was found for the impacts of heat. The relative risk (RR) of non-COVID-19 deaths and all-cause mortality at extremely cold (2 °C) in comparison with the estimated minimum mortality temperature (19 °C) in 2020 were 1.63 (95% CI: 1.55–1.72) and 1.45 (95%CI: 1.31–1.61) respectively, which were higher than all-cause mortality risk in 2015–2019 with RR of 1.19 (95%CI: 1.17–1.21). Cold exposure indicated stronger impacts than high temperatures on all-cause and non-COVID-19 mortality in the pandemic year 2020 compared to its counterpart period in 2015–2019 in Italy.
Wenhua Yu; Rongbin Xu; Tingting Ye; Chunlei Han; Zhuying Chen; Jiangning Song; Shanshan Li; Yuming Guo. Temperature-mortality association during and before the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy: A nationwide time-stratified case-crossover study. Urban Climate 2021, 39, 100948 .
AMA StyleWenhua Yu, Rongbin Xu, Tingting Ye, Chunlei Han, Zhuying Chen, Jiangning Song, Shanshan Li, Yuming Guo. Temperature-mortality association during and before the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy: A nationwide time-stratified case-crossover study. Urban Climate. 2021; 39 ():100948.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWenhua Yu; Rongbin Xu; Tingting Ye; Chunlei Han; Zhuying Chen; Jiangning Song; Shanshan Li; Yuming Guo. 2021. "Temperature-mortality association during and before the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy: A nationwide time-stratified case-crossover study." Urban Climate 39, no. : 100948.
Summary Background Exposure to cold or hot temperatures is associated with premature deaths. We aimed to evaluate the global, regional, and national mortality burden associated with non-optimal ambient temperatures. Methods In this modelling study, we collected time-series data on mortality and ambient temperatures from 750 locations in 43 countries and five meta-predictors at a grid size of 0·5° × 0·5° across the globe. A three-stage analysis strategy was used. First, the temperature–mortality association was fitted for each location by use of a time-series regression. Second, a multivariate meta-regression model was built between location-specific estimates and meta-predictors. Finally, the grid-specific temperature–mortality association between 2000 and 2019 was predicted by use of the fitted meta-regression and the grid-specific meta-predictors. Excess deaths due to non-optimal temperatures, the ratio between annual excess deaths and all deaths of a year (the excess death ratio), and the death rate per 100 000 residents were then calculated for each grid across the world. Grids were divided according to regional groupings of the UN Statistics Division. Findings Globally, 5 083 173 deaths (95% empirical CI [eCI] 4 087 967–5 965 520) were associated with non-optimal temperatures per year, accounting for 9·43% (95% eCI 7·58–11·07) of all deaths (8·52% [6·19–10·47] were cold-related and 0·91% [0·56–1·36] were heat-related). There were 74 temperature-related excess deaths per 100 000 residents (95% eCI 60–87). The mortality burden varied geographically. Of all excess deaths, 2 617 322 (51·49%) occurred in Asia. Eastern Europe had the highest heat-related excess death rate and Sub-Saharan Africa had the highest cold-related excess death rate. From 2000–03 to 2016–19, the global cold-related excess death ratio changed by −0·51 percentage points (95% eCI −0·61 to −0·42) and the global heat-related excess death ratio increased by 0·21 percentage points (0·13–0·31), leading to a net reduction in the overall ratio. The largest decline in overall excess death ratio occurred in South-eastern Asia, whereas excess death ratio fluctuated in Southern Asia and Europe. Interpretation Non-optimal temperatures are associated with a substantial mortality burden, which varies spatiotemporally. Our findings will benefit international, national, and local communities in developing preparedness and prevention strategies to reduce weather-related impacts immediately and under climate change scenarios. Funding Australian Research Council and the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council.
Qi Zhao; Yuming Guo; Tingting Ye; Antonio Gasparrini; Shilu Tong; Ala Overcenco; Aleš Urban; Alexandra Schneider; Alireza Entezari; Ana Maria Vicedo-Cabrera; Antonella Zanobetti; Antonis Analitis; Ariana Zeka; Aurelio Tobias; Baltazar Nunes; Barrak Alahmad; Ben Armstrong; Bertil Forsberg; Shih-Chun Pan; Carmen Íñiguez; Caroline Ameling; César De La Cruz Valencia; Christofer Åström; Danny Houthuijs; Do Van Dung; Dominic Royé; Ene Indermitte; Eric Lavigne; Fatemeh Mayvaneh; Fiorella Acquaotta; Francesca De'Donato; Francesco Di Ruscio; Francesco Sera; Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar; Haidong Kan; Hans Orru; Ho Kim; Iulian-Horia Holobaca; Jan Kyselý; Joana Madureira; Joel Schwartz; Jouni J K Jaakkola; Klea Katsouyanni; Magali Hurtado Diaz; Martina S Ragettli; Masahiro Hashizume; Mathilde Pascal; Micheline De Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coélho; Nicolás Valdés Ortega; Niilo Ryti; Noah Scovronick; Paola Michelozzi; Patricia Matus Correa; Patrick Goodman; Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva; Rosana Abrutzky; Samuel Osorio; Shilpa Rao; Simona Fratianni; Tran Ngoc Dang; Valentina Colistro; Veronika Huber; Whanhee Lee; Xerxes Seposo; Yasushi Honda; Yue Leon Guo; Michelle L Bell; Shanshan Li. Global, regional, and national burden of mortality associated with non-optimal ambient temperatures from 2000 to 2019: a three-stage modelling study. The Lancet Planetary Health 2021, 5, e415 -e425.
AMA StyleQi Zhao, Yuming Guo, Tingting Ye, Antonio Gasparrini, Shilu Tong, Ala Overcenco, Aleš Urban, Alexandra Schneider, Alireza Entezari, Ana Maria Vicedo-Cabrera, Antonella Zanobetti, Antonis Analitis, Ariana Zeka, Aurelio Tobias, Baltazar Nunes, Barrak Alahmad, Ben Armstrong, Bertil Forsberg, Shih-Chun Pan, Carmen Íñiguez, Caroline Ameling, César De La Cruz Valencia, Christofer Åström, Danny Houthuijs, Do Van Dung, Dominic Royé, Ene Indermitte, Eric Lavigne, Fatemeh Mayvaneh, Fiorella Acquaotta, Francesca De'Donato, Francesco Di Ruscio, Francesco Sera, Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar, Haidong Kan, Hans Orru, Ho Kim, Iulian-Horia Holobaca, Jan Kyselý, Joana Madureira, Joel Schwartz, Jouni J K Jaakkola, Klea Katsouyanni, Magali Hurtado Diaz, Martina S Ragettli, Masahiro Hashizume, Mathilde Pascal, Micheline De Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coélho, Nicolás Valdés Ortega, Niilo Ryti, Noah Scovronick, Paola Michelozzi, Patricia Matus Correa, Patrick Goodman, Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva, Rosana Abrutzky, Samuel Osorio, Shilpa Rao, Simona Fratianni, Tran Ngoc Dang, Valentina Colistro, Veronika Huber, Whanhee Lee, Xerxes Seposo, Yasushi Honda, Yue Leon Guo, Michelle L Bell, Shanshan Li. Global, regional, and national burden of mortality associated with non-optimal ambient temperatures from 2000 to 2019: a three-stage modelling study. The Lancet Planetary Health. 2021; 5 (7):e415-e425.
Chicago/Turabian StyleQi Zhao; Yuming Guo; Tingting Ye; Antonio Gasparrini; Shilu Tong; Ala Overcenco; Aleš Urban; Alexandra Schneider; Alireza Entezari; Ana Maria Vicedo-Cabrera; Antonella Zanobetti; Antonis Analitis; Ariana Zeka; Aurelio Tobias; Baltazar Nunes; Barrak Alahmad; Ben Armstrong; Bertil Forsberg; Shih-Chun Pan; Carmen Íñiguez; Caroline Ameling; César De La Cruz Valencia; Christofer Åström; Danny Houthuijs; Do Van Dung; Dominic Royé; Ene Indermitte; Eric Lavigne; Fatemeh Mayvaneh; Fiorella Acquaotta; Francesca De'Donato; Francesco Di Ruscio; Francesco Sera; Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar; Haidong Kan; Hans Orru; Ho Kim; Iulian-Horia Holobaca; Jan Kyselý; Joana Madureira; Joel Schwartz; Jouni J K Jaakkola; Klea Katsouyanni; Magali Hurtado Diaz; Martina S Ragettli; Masahiro Hashizume; Mathilde Pascal; Micheline De Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coélho; Nicolás Valdés Ortega; Niilo Ryti; Noah Scovronick; Paola Michelozzi; Patricia Matus Correa; Patrick Goodman; Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva; Rosana Abrutzky; Samuel Osorio; Shilpa Rao; Simona Fratianni; Tran Ngoc Dang; Valentina Colistro; Veronika Huber; Whanhee Lee; Xerxes Seposo; Yasushi Honda; Yue Leon Guo; Michelle L Bell; Shanshan Li. 2021. "Global, regional, and national burden of mortality associated with non-optimal ambient temperatures from 2000 to 2019: a three-stage modelling study." The Lancet Planetary Health 5, no. 7: e415-e425.
Due to the COVID-19 outbreak, the Chinese government implemented nationwide traffic restrictions and self-quarantine measures from January 23 to April 8 (in Wuhan), 2020. We estimated how these measures impacted ambient air pollution and the subsequent consequences on health and the health-related economy in 367 Chinese cities. A random forests modeling was used to predict the business-as-usual air pollution concentrations in 2020, after adjusting for the impact of long-term trend and weather conditions. We calculated changes in mortality attributable to reductions in air pollution in early 2020 and health-related economic benefits based on the value of statistical life (VSL). Compared with the business-as-usual scenario, we estimated 1239 (95% CI: 844–1578) PM2.5-related deaths were avoided, as were 2777 (95% CI: 1565–3995) PM10-related deaths, 1587 (95% CI: 98–3104) CO-related deaths, 4711 (95% CI: 3649–5781) NO2-related deaths, 215 (95% CI: 116–314) O3-related deaths, and 1088 (95% CI: 774–1421) SO2-related deaths. Based on the reduction in deaths, economic benefits for in PM2.5, PM10, CO, NO2, O3, and SO2 were 1.22, 2.60, 1.36, 4.05, 0.20, and 0.95 billion USD, respectively. Our findings demonstrate the substantial benefits in human health and health-related costs due to improved urban air quality during the COVID lockdown period in China in early 2020.
Tingting Ye; Suying Guo; Yang Xie; Zhaoyue Chen; Michael J. Abramson; Jane Heyworth; Simon Hales; Alistair Woodward; Michelle Bell; Yuming Guo; Shanshan Li. Health and related economic benefits associated with reduction in air pollution during COVID-19 outbreak in 367 cities in China. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2021, 222, 112481 -112481.
AMA StyleTingting Ye, Suying Guo, Yang Xie, Zhaoyue Chen, Michael J. Abramson, Jane Heyworth, Simon Hales, Alistair Woodward, Michelle Bell, Yuming Guo, Shanshan Li. Health and related economic benefits associated with reduction in air pollution during COVID-19 outbreak in 367 cities in China. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2021; 222 ():112481-112481.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTingting Ye; Suying Guo; Yang Xie; Zhaoyue Chen; Michael J. Abramson; Jane Heyworth; Simon Hales; Alistair Woodward; Michelle Bell; Yuming Guo; Shanshan Li. 2021. "Health and related economic benefits associated with reduction in air pollution during COVID-19 outbreak in 367 cities in China." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 222, no. : 112481-112481.
Air pollution is a potential environmental risk for sleep disturbance. However, the evidence is very limited in China. On the other hand, physical activity (PA) is a preventive behavior that can improve insomnia, but whether PA mitigates the negative impact of air pollution on insomnia is unknown. We obtained data from the baseline of China Multi-Ethnic Cohort (CMEC) survey, and examined the association between air pollution and insomnia, as well as PA’s modification effect of on this association. We included 70668 respondents and assessed insomnia by self-reported symptoms collected using electronic questionnaires. Using satellite data, we estimated the residence-specified, three-year average PM1, PM2.5, PM10 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters of ≤1 μm, ≤2.5 μm and 10 μm, respectively), O3 (ozone), and NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) concentrations. We established the associations between air pollutants and insomnia through logistic regression. We evaluated the modification impact of total and domain-specific PA (leisure, occupation, housework, transportation) by introducing an interaction term. Positive associations were observed between long-term exposure to PM1, PM2.5, PM10, and O3 and insomnia symptoms, with ORs (95% CI) of 1.09 (1.03-1.16), 1.11 (1.07-1.15), 1.07 (1.05-1.10) and 1.15 (1.11-1.20), respectively. As total PA increased, the ORs of air pollution for insomnia tended to decrease and then rise. We observed varying modification effects of domain-specific PA. With an increase in leisure PA, the ORs for PM2.5 and PM10 significantly declined. However, increased ORs of air pollutants were related to insomnia among participants with higher levels of occupational and housework PA. Long-term exposure to higher concentrations of PM1, PM2.5, PM10, and O3 increases the risk of insomnia symptoms. Moderate to high levels of leisure PA alleviate the harmful effects of air pollution on insomnia, while high levels of occupation and housework PA intensify such effects.
Jiayue Xu; Junmin Zhou; Peng Luo; Deqiang Mao; Wen Xu; Qucuo Nima; Chaoying Cui; Shujuan Yang; Linjun Ao; Jialong Wu; Jing Wei; Gongbo Chen; Shanshan Li; Yuming Guo; Juying Zhang; Zhu Liu; Xing Zhao. Associations of long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and physical activity with insomnia in Chinese adults. Science of The Total Environment 2021, 792, 148197 .
AMA StyleJiayue Xu, Junmin Zhou, Peng Luo, Deqiang Mao, Wen Xu, Qucuo Nima, Chaoying Cui, Shujuan Yang, Linjun Ao, Jialong Wu, Jing Wei, Gongbo Chen, Shanshan Li, Yuming Guo, Juying Zhang, Zhu Liu, Xing Zhao. Associations of long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and physical activity with insomnia in Chinese adults. Science of The Total Environment. 2021; 792 ():148197.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJiayue Xu; Junmin Zhou; Peng Luo; Deqiang Mao; Wen Xu; Qucuo Nima; Chaoying Cui; Shujuan Yang; Linjun Ao; Jialong Wu; Jing Wei; Gongbo Chen; Shanshan Li; Yuming Guo; Juying Zhang; Zhu Liu; Xing Zhao. 2021. "Associations of long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and physical activity with insomnia in Chinese adults." Science of The Total Environment 792, no. : 148197.
Spraying roads with water on a large scale in Chinese cities is one of the supplementary precaution or mitigation actions implemented to control severe air pollution events or heavy haze-fog events in which the mechanisms causing them are not yet fully understood. These air pollution events were usually characterized by higher air humidity. Therefore, there may be a link between this action and air pollution. In the present study, the impact of water spraying on the PM2.5 concentration and humidity in air was assessed by measuring chemical composition of the water, undertaking a simulated water spraying experiment, measuring residues and analyzing relevant data. We discovered that spraying large quantities of tap or river water on the roads leads to increased PM2.5 concentration and humidity, and that daily continuous spraying produces a cumulative effect on air pollution. Spraying the same amount of water produces greater increases in humidity and PM2.5 concentration during cool autumn and winter than during hot summer. Our results demonstrate that spraying roads with water increases, rather than decreases, the concentration of PM2.5 and thus is a new source of anthropogenic aerosol and air pollution. The higher vapor content and resultant humidity most likely create unfavorable meteorological conditions for the dispersion of air pollution in autumn and winter with low temperature.
Fengzhu Tan; Yuming Guo; Wei Zhang; Xingyan Xu; Ming Zhang; Fan Meng; Sicen Liu; Shanshan Li; Lidia Morawska. Large-Scale Spraying of Roads with Water Contributes to, Rather Than Prevents, Air Pollution. Toxics 2021, 9, 122 .
AMA StyleFengzhu Tan, Yuming Guo, Wei Zhang, Xingyan Xu, Ming Zhang, Fan Meng, Sicen Liu, Shanshan Li, Lidia Morawska. Large-Scale Spraying of Roads with Water Contributes to, Rather Than Prevents, Air Pollution. Toxics. 2021; 9 (6):122.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFengzhu Tan; Yuming Guo; Wei Zhang; Xingyan Xu; Ming Zhang; Fan Meng; Sicen Liu; Shanshan Li; Lidia Morawska. 2021. "Large-Scale Spraying of Roads with Water Contributes to, Rather Than Prevents, Air Pollution." Toxics 9, no. 6: 122.
Particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5μm (PM2.5) concentrations vary between countries with similar carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, which can be partially explained by differences in air pollution control efficacy. However, no indicator of air pollution control efficacy has yet been developed. We aimed to develop such an indicator, and to evaluate its global and temporal distribution and its association with country-level health metrics. A novel indicator, ambient population-weighted average PM2.5 concentration per unit per capita CO2 emission (PM2.5/CO2), was developed to assess country-specific air pollution control efficacy (abbreviated as APCI). We estimated and mapped the global average distribution of APCI and its changes during 2000-2016 across 196 countries. Pearson correlation coefficients and Generalized Additive Mixed Model (GAMM) were used to evaluate the relationship between APCI and health metrics. APCI varied by country with an inverse association with economic development. APCI showed an almost stable trend globally from 2000 to 2016, with the low-income groups increased and several countries (China, India, Bangladesh) decreased. The Pearson correlation coefficients between APCI and life expectancy at birth (LE), infant-mortality rate (IMR), under-five year of age mortality rate (U5MR) and logarithm of per capita GDP (LPGDP) were -0.57, 0.65, 0.66, -0.59 respectively (all P values <0.001). APCI could explain international variation of LE, IMR and U5MR. The associations between APCI and LE, IMR, U5MRwere independent of per capita GDP and climatic factors. We consider APCI to be a good indicator for air pollution control efficacy given its relation to important population health indicators. Our findings provide a new metric to interpret health inequity across the globe from the point of climate change and air pollution control efficacy.
Chunlei Han; Rongbin Xu; Yajuan Zhang; Wenhua Yu; Zhongwen Zhang; Lidia Morawska; Jane Heyworth; Bin Jalaludin; Geoffrey Morgan; Guy Marks; Michael Abramson; Liwei Sun; Shanshan Li; Yuming Guo. Air pollution control efficacy and health impacts: A global observational study from 2000 to 2016. Environmental Pollution 2021, 287, 117211 .
AMA StyleChunlei Han, Rongbin Xu, Yajuan Zhang, Wenhua Yu, Zhongwen Zhang, Lidia Morawska, Jane Heyworth, Bin Jalaludin, Geoffrey Morgan, Guy Marks, Michael Abramson, Liwei Sun, Shanshan Li, Yuming Guo. Air pollution control efficacy and health impacts: A global observational study from 2000 to 2016. Environmental Pollution. 2021; 287 ():117211.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChunlei Han; Rongbin Xu; Yajuan Zhang; Wenhua Yu; Zhongwen Zhang; Lidia Morawska; Jane Heyworth; Bin Jalaludin; Geoffrey Morgan; Guy Marks; Michael Abramson; Liwei Sun; Shanshan Li; Yuming Guo. 2021. "Air pollution control efficacy and health impacts: A global observational study from 2000 to 2016." Environmental Pollution 287, no. : 117211.
Background Both cold and hot temperature have been associated with the onset of asthma, but it remains largely unknown about the risk of asthma hospitalisation associated with short-term temperature fluctuation or temperature variability (TV). Objective To explore the association between short-term exposure to TV and asthma hospitalisation in Brazil. Methods Data for asthma hospitalisation and weather conditions were collected from 1816 Brazilian cities between 2000 and 2015. TV was calculated as the SD of all daily minimum and maximum temperatures within 0–7 days prior to current day. A time-stratified case-crossover design was performed to quantify the association between TV and hospitalisation for asthma. Results A total of 2 818 911 hospitalisations for asthma were identified during the study period. Each 1°C increase in 0–7 days’ TV exposure was related to a 1.0% (95% CI 0.7% to 1.4%) increase in asthma hospitalisations. The elderly were more vulnerable to TV than other age groups, while region and season appeared to significantly modify the associations. There were 159 305 (95% CI 55 293 to 2 58 054) hospitalisations, US$48.41 million (95% CI US$16.92 to US$78.30 million) inpatient costs at 2015 price and 450.44 thousand inpatient days (95% CI 156.08 to 729.91 thousand days) associated with TV during the study period. The fraction of asthma hospitalisations attributable to TV increased from 5.32% in 2000 to 5.88% in 2015. Conclusion TV was significantly associated with asthma hospitalisation and the corresponding substantial health costs in Brazil. Our findings suggest that preventive measures of asthma should take TV into account.
Yao Wu; Rongbin Xu; Bo Wen; Micheline De Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coelho; Paulo H Saldiva; Shanshan Li; Yuming Guo. Temperature variability and asthma hospitalisation in Brazil, 2000–2015: a nationwide case-crossover study. Thorax 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleYao Wu, Rongbin Xu, Bo Wen, Micheline De Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coelho, Paulo H Saldiva, Shanshan Li, Yuming Guo. Temperature variability and asthma hospitalisation in Brazil, 2000–2015: a nationwide case-crossover study. Thorax. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYao Wu; Rongbin Xu; Bo Wen; Micheline De Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coelho; Paulo H Saldiva; Shanshan Li; Yuming Guo. 2021. "Temperature variability and asthma hospitalisation in Brazil, 2000–2015: a nationwide case-crossover study." Thorax , no. : 1.
Peng Lu; Qi Zhao; Guoxin Xia; Rongbin Xu; Liz Hanna; Jing Jiang; Shanshan Li; Yuming Guo. Temporal trends of the association between ambient temperature and cardiovascular mortality: a 17-year case-crossover study. Environmental Research Letters 2021, 16, 045004 .
AMA StylePeng Lu, Qi Zhao, Guoxin Xia, Rongbin Xu, Liz Hanna, Jing Jiang, Shanshan Li, Yuming Guo. Temporal trends of the association between ambient temperature and cardiovascular mortality: a 17-year case-crossover study. Environmental Research Letters. 2021; 16 (4):045004.
Chicago/Turabian StylePeng Lu; Qi Zhao; Guoxin Xia; Rongbin Xu; Liz Hanna; Jing Jiang; Shanshan Li; Yuming Guo. 2021. "Temporal trends of the association between ambient temperature and cardiovascular mortality: a 17-year case-crossover study." Environmental Research Letters 16, no. 4: 045004.
Background: Limited evidence is available on the health effects of particulate matter (PM including PM2.5 with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm; PM10, ≤ 10 μm; PM2.5–10, 2.5–10 μm) during the pandemic of COVID-19 in Italy. The aims of the study were to examine the associations between all-cause mortality and PM in the pandemic period and compare them to the normal periods (2015–2019). Methods: We collected daily data regarding all-cause mortality (stratified by age and gender), and PM concentrations for 107 Italian provinces from 1 January 2015 to 31 May 2020. A time-stratified case-cross design with the distributed lag non-linear model was used to examine the association between PM and all-cause mortality. We also compared the counts and fractions of death attributable to PM in two periods. Results: Italy saw an increase in daily death counts while slight decreases in PM concentrations in pandemic period. Each 10 µg/m3 increase in PM was associated with much higher increase in daily all-cause mortality during the pandemic period compared to the same months during 2015–2019 (increased mortality rate: 7.24% (95%CI: 4.84%, 9.70%) versus 1.69% (95%CI: 1.12%, 2.25%) for PM2.5; 3.45% (95%CI: 2.58%, 4.34%) versus 1.11% (95%CI: 0.79%, 1.42%) for PM10; 4.25% (95%CI: 2.99%, 5.52%) versus 1.76% (95%CI: 1.14%, 2.38%) for PM2.5–10). The counts and fractions of deaths attributable to PM were higher in 2020 for PM2.5 (attributable death counts: 20,062 versus 3927 per year in 2015–2019; attributable fractions: 10.2% versus 2.4%), PM10 (15,112 versus 3999; 7.7% versus 2.5%), and PM2.5–10 (7193 versus 2303; 3.7% versus 1.4%). Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic increased the vulnerability and excess cases of all-cause mortality associated with short-term exposure to PM2.5, PM2.5–10, and PM10 in Italy, despite a decline in air pollution level.
Tingting Ye; Rongbin Xu; Wenhua Yu; Zhaoyue Chen; Yuming Guo; Shanshan Li. Vulnerability and Burden of All-Cause Mortality Associated with Particulate Air Pollution during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Nationwide Observed Study in Italy. Toxics 2021, 9, 56 .
AMA StyleTingting Ye, Rongbin Xu, Wenhua Yu, Zhaoyue Chen, Yuming Guo, Shanshan Li. Vulnerability and Burden of All-Cause Mortality Associated with Particulate Air Pollution during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Nationwide Observed Study in Italy. Toxics. 2021; 9 (3):56.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTingting Ye; Rongbin Xu; Wenhua Yu; Zhaoyue Chen; Yuming Guo; Shanshan Li. 2021. "Vulnerability and Burden of All-Cause Mortality Associated with Particulate Air Pollution during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Nationwide Observed Study in Italy." Toxics 9, no. 3: 56.
There is an increasing interest in the link between ambient temperature and sexual crime in the context of climate change. However, existing studies are limited in evaluating the acute effect of temperature and rarely estimate the attributable burden. Here, we show that in seven large US cities, every 5 °C rise in daily mean temperature was associated with a 4.5 % [95 % confidence interval (CI): 2.8–6.3 %] increase in sex offenses in the following 0–8 days. The associations were stronger in hot and cold season compared to moderate season, and could be enhanced by higher relative humidity and precipitation. The associations were only significant for sodomy, fondling and rape, and for sex offenses happened in certain locations (open space, education, street but not residence). We estimated that 2.6 % (95 %CI: 1.7–3.6 %) sex offenses were attributable to temperatures above city-specific median temperatures, corresponding to a mean annual sex offense rate of 2.9/100,000 (95 %CI: 1.9–4.0/100,000). Our findings highlight the potential rising sexual crime along with climate change and provide useful information for targeted preventions.
Rongbin Xu; Xiuqin Xiong; Michael J. Abramson; Shanshan Li; Yuming Guo. Association between ambient temperature and sex offense: A case-crossover study in seven large US cities, 2007–2017. Sustainable Cities and Society 2021, 69, 102828 .
AMA StyleRongbin Xu, Xiuqin Xiong, Michael J. Abramson, Shanshan Li, Yuming Guo. Association between ambient temperature and sex offense: A case-crossover study in seven large US cities, 2007–2017. Sustainable Cities and Society. 2021; 69 ():102828.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRongbin Xu; Xiuqin Xiong; Michael J. Abramson; Shanshan Li; Yuming Guo. 2021. "Association between ambient temperature and sex offense: A case-crossover study in seven large US cities, 2007–2017." Sustainable Cities and Society 69, no. : 102828.
Summary Although obesity reflected by BMI can enhance the association of air pollution with increase blood pressures (BP) and prevalent hypertension in susceptible population, there remains lack evidence on interactive effects of different obesity indices and air pollutants on BP and prevalent hypertension in rural adults. 39,259 individuals were recruited from the Henan Rural Cohort. Concentrations of air pollutants (PM1, PM2.5, PM10 and NO2) were evaluated by a spatio-temporal model based on satellites data. Independent associations of air pollutants and obesity reflected by BMI, WC, WHR, WHtR, BFP and VFI on BP indicators (SBP, DBP, MAP and PP) and prevalent hypertension were analyzed by linear regression and logistic regression models, respectively. Furthermore, their additive effects were quantified by RERI, AP and S. Six obesity indices enhanced the associations of four air pollutants and BP indicators. Individuals with high PM1 concentrations plus obesity classified by BMI, WC, WHR, WHtR, BFP and VFI had a 4.18-fold (95% CI: 3.86, 4.53), 3.58-fold (95% CI: 3.34, 3.84), 3.53-fold (95% CI: 3.28, 3.81), 4.02-fold (95% CI: 3.72, 4.35), 3.89-fold (95% CI: 3.59, 4.23), 3.87-fold (95% CI: 3.62, 4.14) increase in prevalent hypertension, respectively, compared to non-obese individuals with low PM1 concentrations; similar results were observed for combined effect of PM2.5, PM10 or NO2 and obesity indices on prevalent hypertension. The significant values of RERI, AP and S indicated additive effects of air pollutants and obesity indices on hypertension. Obesity amplified the effects of exposure to high levels of air pollutants on increased BP values and prevalent hypertension, implying that obese individuals may be susceptible to elevate BP and prevalent hypertension in relation to air pollution exposure. Clinical trial registration The Henan Rural Cohort study has been registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Register (Registration number: ChiCTR–OOC–15006699, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=11375).
Jian Hou; Jianjun Gu; Xiaotian Liu; Runqi Tu; Xiaokang Dong; Ruiying Li; Zhenxing Mao; Wenqian Huo; Gongbo Chen; Mingming Pan; Yuming Guo; Shanshan Li; Chongjian Wang. Long-term exposure to air pollutants enhanced associations of obesity with blood pressure and hypertension. Clinical Nutrition 2021, 40, 1442 -1450.
AMA StyleJian Hou, Jianjun Gu, Xiaotian Liu, Runqi Tu, Xiaokang Dong, Ruiying Li, Zhenxing Mao, Wenqian Huo, Gongbo Chen, Mingming Pan, Yuming Guo, Shanshan Li, Chongjian Wang. Long-term exposure to air pollutants enhanced associations of obesity with blood pressure and hypertension. Clinical Nutrition. 2021; 40 (4):1442-1450.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJian Hou; Jianjun Gu; Xiaotian Liu; Runqi Tu; Xiaokang Dong; Ruiying Li; Zhenxing Mao; Wenqian Huo; Gongbo Chen; Mingming Pan; Yuming Guo; Shanshan Li; Chongjian Wang. 2021. "Long-term exposure to air pollutants enhanced associations of obesity with blood pressure and hypertension." Clinical Nutrition 40, no. 4: 1442-1450.
Evidence on the health benefits of green space in residential environments is still limited, and few studies have investigated the potential association between blue space and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prevalence. This study included 39,019 participants who had completed the baseline survey from the Henan Rural Cohort Study, 2015–2017. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) were employed to characterize the residential green space, and the distance from the participant’s residential address to the nearest water body was considered to represent the residential blue space. Mixed effect models were applied to evaluate the associations of the residential environment with T2DM and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels. An interquartile range (IQR) increase in NDVI and EVI was significantly associated with a 13.4% (odds ratio (OR): 0.866, 95% Confidence interval (CI): 0.830,0.903) and 14.2% (OR: 0.858, 95% CI: 0.817,0.901) decreased risk of T2DM, respectively. The residential green space was associated with lower fasting blood glucose levels in men (%change, −2.060 in men vs. −0.972 in women) and the elderly (%change, −1.696 in elderly vs. −1.268 in young people). Additionally, people who lived more than 5 km from the water body had a 15.7% lower risk of T2DM (OR: 0.843, 95% CI: 0.770,0.923) and 1.829% lower fasting blood glucose levels (95% CI: −2.335%,−1.320%) than those who lived closer to the blue space. Our findings suggest that residential green space was beneficially associated with T2DM and fasting blood glucose levels. However, further research is needed to explore more comprehensively the relationship between residential blue space and public health.
Ruijia Li; Gongbo Chen; Anqi Jiao; Yuanan Lu; Yuming Guo; Shanshan Li; Chongjian Wang; Hao Xiang. Residential Green and Blue Spaces and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Population-Based Health Study in China. Toxics 2021, 9, 11 .
AMA StyleRuijia Li, Gongbo Chen, Anqi Jiao, Yuanan Lu, Yuming Guo, Shanshan Li, Chongjian Wang, Hao Xiang. Residential Green and Blue Spaces and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Population-Based Health Study in China. Toxics. 2021; 9 (1):11.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRuijia Li; Gongbo Chen; Anqi Jiao; Yuanan Lu; Yuming Guo; Shanshan Li; Chongjian Wang; Hao Xiang. 2021. "Residential Green and Blue Spaces and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Population-Based Health Study in China." Toxics 9, no. 1: 11.
Summary Background Exposure to temperature variability has been associated with increased risk of mortality and morbidity. We aimed to evaluate whether the association between short-term temperature variability and hospitalisation was affected by local socioeconomic level in Brazil. Methods In this time-series study, we collected city-level socioeconomic data, and daily hospitalisation and weather data from 1814 Brazilian cities between Jan 1, 2000, and Dec 31, 2015. All-cause and cause-specific hospitalisation data was from the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System in Brazil. City-specific daily minimum and maximum temperatures came from a 0·25° × 0·25° Brazilian meteorological dataset. We represented city-specific socioeconomic level using literacy rate, urbanisation rate, average monthly household income per capita (using the 2000 and 2010 Brazilian census), and GDP per capita (using statistics from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics for 2000–15), and cities were categorised according to the 2015 World Bank standard. We used quasi-Poisson regression to do time-series analyses and obtain city-specific associations between temperature variability and hospitalisation. We pooled city-specific estimates according to different socioeconomic quartiles or levels using random-effect meta-analyses. Meta-regressions adjusting for demographic and climatic characteristics were used to evaluate the modification effect of city-level socioeconomic indicators on the association between temperature variability and hospitalisation. Findings We included a total of 147 959 243 hospitalisations (59·0% female) during the study period. Overall, we estimated that the hospitalisation risk due to every 1°C increase in the temperature variability in the current and previous day (TV0–1) increased by 0·52% (95% CI 0·50−0·55). For lower-middle-income cities, this risk was 0·63% (95% CI 0·58–0·69), for upper-middle-income cities it was 0·50% (0·47–0·53), and for high-income cities it was 0·39% (0·33–0·46). The socioeconomic inequality in vulnerability to TV0–1 was especially evident for people aged 0–19 years (effect estimate 1·21% [1·11–1·31] for lower-middle income vs 0·52% [0·41–0·63] for high income) and people aged 60 years or older (0·60% [0·50–0·70] vs 0·43% [0·31–0·56]), and for hospitalisation due to infectious diseases (1·62% [1·46–1·78] vs 0·56% [0·30–0·82]), respiratory diseases (1·32% [1·20–1·44] vs 0·55% [0·37–0·74]), and endocrine diseases (1·21% [0·99–1·43] vs 0·32% [0·02–0·62]). Interpretation People living in less developed cities in Brazil were more vulnerable to hospitalisation related to temperature variability. This disparity could exacerbate existing health and socioeconomic inequalities in Brazil, and it suggests that more attention should be paid to less developed areas to mitigate the adverse health effects of short-term temperature fluctuations. Funding None.
Rongbin Xu; Qi Zhao; Micheline S Z S Coelho; Paulo H N Saldiva; Michael J Abramson; Shanshan Li; Yuming Guo. Socioeconomic inequality in vulnerability to all-cause and cause-specific hospitalisation associated with temperature variability: a time-series study in 1814 Brazilian cities. The Lancet Planetary Health 2020, 4, e566 -e576.
AMA StyleRongbin Xu, Qi Zhao, Micheline S Z S Coelho, Paulo H N Saldiva, Michael J Abramson, Shanshan Li, Yuming Guo. Socioeconomic inequality in vulnerability to all-cause and cause-specific hospitalisation associated with temperature variability: a time-series study in 1814 Brazilian cities. The Lancet Planetary Health. 2020; 4 (12):e566-e576.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRongbin Xu; Qi Zhao; Micheline S Z S Coelho; Paulo H N Saldiva; Michael J Abramson; Shanshan Li; Yuming Guo. 2020. "Socioeconomic inequality in vulnerability to all-cause and cause-specific hospitalisation associated with temperature variability: a time-series study in 1814 Brazilian cities." The Lancet Planetary Health 4, no. 12: e566-e576.
Conjunctivitis is one of the most common eye-related health problems and significantly influences patients’ quality of life. Whether air pollution increased the risks of conjunctivitis is still unclear. Daily counts of outpatient visits for conjunctivitis, air pollution, and meteorological data during January 1, 2015-December 31, 2019 were collected from Tai’an, China. Generalized additive model with Poisson distribution was used to estimate the relationship between air pollution and visits for conjunctivitis, after controlling for the long-term and seasonal trends, weather variables, and day of the week. The effect of air pollution on visits for conjunctivitis was generally acute and significant at the current day and disappeared after 2 days. The relative risk of conjunctivitis visits associated with per 10 μg/m3 increases in PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and NO2 at lag 0-2 days was 1.006 (95% CI: 1.001-1.011), 1.003 (95% CI: 1.000-1.0107), 1.023 (95% CI: 1.009-1.037), and 1.025 (95% CI: 1.010-1.040), respectively. The impact of air pollution on visits for conjunctivitis varied greatly by individual characteristics. The impact of NO2 was higher in males than in females, with the opposite trend for SO2 and PM2.5. Effect estimates of air pollutants were higher among return visits for conjunctivitis, the elderly, and white-collar workers. Our study highlights that the vulnerable subpopulations should pay more attention to protect themselves from air pollution.
Renchao Chen; Jun Yang; Di Chen; Wen-Jing Liu; Chunlin Zhang; Hao Wang; Bixia Li; Peng Xiong; Boguang Wang; Yi Wang; Shanshan Li; Yuming Guo. Air pollution and hospital outpatient visits for conjunctivitis: a time-series analysis in Tai’an, China. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2020, 28, 15453 -15461.
AMA StyleRenchao Chen, Jun Yang, Di Chen, Wen-Jing Liu, Chunlin Zhang, Hao Wang, Bixia Li, Peng Xiong, Boguang Wang, Yi Wang, Shanshan Li, Yuming Guo. Air pollution and hospital outpatient visits for conjunctivitis: a time-series analysis in Tai’an, China. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020; 28 (12):15453-15461.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRenchao Chen; Jun Yang; Di Chen; Wen-Jing Liu; Chunlin Zhang; Hao Wang; Bixia Li; Peng Xiong; Boguang Wang; Yi Wang; Shanshan Li; Yuming Guo. 2020. "Air pollution and hospital outpatient visits for conjunctivitis: a time-series analysis in Tai’an, China." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 12: 15453-15461.
Although the association between long-term exposure to PM2.5 and mortality has been evaluated intensively, little is known about the socioeconomic disparity in the association. We collected data on annual all-cause mortality, PM2.5 concentration, socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of 2640 counties from the two most recent Chinese censuses in 2000 and 2010. We applied the difference-in-differences (DID) method to estimate PM2.5-mortality association for counties at different quartiles of literacy rate, college rate, urbanization rate and GDP per capita, respectively. Overall, every 10 µg/m3 increase in annual average PM2.5 was associated with 3.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.0–5.0) increase of all-cause mortality. The stratified analysis suggested higher health impact of exposure in counties with lower socioeconomic status. For counties of the lowest quartile (Q1) of literacy rate, college rate, urbanization rate and GDP per capita, the effect estimates were 6.0% (95% CI: 4.2–7.7), 4.4% (95% CI: 2.8–6.0), 3.5% (95% CI: 2.0–5.1) and 4.9% (95% CI: 2.7–7.1), respectively. There was strong evidence for elevated risk in mortality associated with PM2.5 of all socioeconomic factors in the lowest quartile (Q1) compared with the highest quartile counties (Q4) (p-value for difference < 0.05). There was socioeconomic disparity in the PM2.5-mortality association in China. Dwellers living in less developed counties are more vulnerable to long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 than those living in developed counties.
Chunlei Han; Rongbin Xu; Caroline X. Gao; Wenhua Yu; Yajuan Zhang; Kun Han; Pei Yu; Yuming Guo; Shanshan Li. Socioeconomic disparity in the association between long-term exposure to PM2.5 and mortality in 2640 Chinese counties. Environment International 2020, 146, 106241 .
AMA StyleChunlei Han, Rongbin Xu, Caroline X. Gao, Wenhua Yu, Yajuan Zhang, Kun Han, Pei Yu, Yuming Guo, Shanshan Li. Socioeconomic disparity in the association between long-term exposure to PM2.5 and mortality in 2640 Chinese counties. Environment International. 2020; 146 ():106241.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChunlei Han; Rongbin Xu; Caroline X. Gao; Wenhua Yu; Yajuan Zhang; Kun Han; Pei Yu; Yuming Guo; Shanshan Li. 2020. "Socioeconomic disparity in the association between long-term exposure to PM2.5 and mortality in 2640 Chinese counties." Environment International 146, no. : 106241.
Summary Background Various retrospective studies have reported on the increase of mortality risk due to higher diurnal temperature range (DTR). This study projects the effect of DTR on future mortality across 445 communities in 20 countries and regions. Methods DTR-related mortality risk was estimated on the basis of the historical daily time-series of mortality and weather factors from Jan 1, 1985, to Dec 31, 2015, with data for 445 communities across 20 countries and regions, from the Multi-Country Multi-City Collaborative Research Network. We obtained daily projected temperature series associated with four climate change scenarios, using the four representative concentration pathways (RCPs) described by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, from the lowest to the highest emission scenarios (RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, RCP 6.0, and RCP 8.5). Excess deaths attributable to the DTR during the current (1985–2015) and future (2020–99) periods were projected using daily DTR series under the four scenarios. Future excess deaths were calculated on the basis of assumptions that warmer long-term average temperatures affect or do not affect the DTR-related mortality risk. Findings The time-series analyses results showed that DTR was associated with excess mortality. Under the unmitigated climate change scenario (RCP 8.5), the future average DTR is projected to increase in most countries and regions (by −0·4 to 1·6°C), particularly in the USA, south-central Europe, Mexico, and South Africa. The excess deaths currently attributable to DTR were estimated to be 0·2–7·4%. Furthermore, the DTR-related mortality risk increased as the long-term average temperature increased; in the linear mixed model with the assumption of an interactive effect with long-term average temperature, we estimated 0·05% additional DTR mortality risk per 1°C increase in average temperature. Based on the interaction with long-term average temperature, the DTR-related excess deaths are projected to increase in all countries or regions by 1·4–10·3% in 2090–99. Interpretation This study suggests that globally, DTR-related excess mortality might increase under climate change, and this increasing pattern is likely to vary between countries and regions. Considering climatic changes, our findings could contribute to public health interventions aimed at reducing the impact of DTR on human health. Funding Korea Ministry of Environment.
Whanhee Lee; Yoonhee Kim; Francesco Sera; Antonio Gasparrini; Rokjin Park; Hayon Michelle Choi; Kristi Prifti; Michelle L Bell; Rosana Abrutzky; Yuming Guo; Shilu Tong; Micheline De Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coelho; Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva; Eric Lavigne; Hans Orru; Ene Indermitte; Jouni J K Jaakkola; Niilo R I Ryti; Mathilde Pascal; Patrick Goodman; Ariana Zeka; Masahiro Hashizume; Yasushi Honda; Magali Hurtado Diaz; Julio César Cruz; Ala Overcenco; Baltazar Nunes; Joana Madureira; Noah Scovronick; Fiorella Acquaotta; Aurelio Tobias; Ana Maria Vicedo-Cabrera; Martina S Ragettli; Yue-Liang Leon Guo; Bing-Yu Chen; Shanshan Li; Ben Armstrong; Antonella Zanobetti; Joel Schwartz; Ho Kim. Projections of excess mortality related to diurnal temperature range under climate change scenarios: a multi-country modelling study. The Lancet Planetary Health 2020, 4, e512 -e521.
AMA StyleWhanhee Lee, Yoonhee Kim, Francesco Sera, Antonio Gasparrini, Rokjin Park, Hayon Michelle Choi, Kristi Prifti, Michelle L Bell, Rosana Abrutzky, Yuming Guo, Shilu Tong, Micheline De Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coelho, Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva, Eric Lavigne, Hans Orru, Ene Indermitte, Jouni J K Jaakkola, Niilo R I Ryti, Mathilde Pascal, Patrick Goodman, Ariana Zeka, Masahiro Hashizume, Yasushi Honda, Magali Hurtado Diaz, Julio César Cruz, Ala Overcenco, Baltazar Nunes, Joana Madureira, Noah Scovronick, Fiorella Acquaotta, Aurelio Tobias, Ana Maria Vicedo-Cabrera, Martina S Ragettli, Yue-Liang Leon Guo, Bing-Yu Chen, Shanshan Li, Ben Armstrong, Antonella Zanobetti, Joel Schwartz, Ho Kim. Projections of excess mortality related to diurnal temperature range under climate change scenarios: a multi-country modelling study. The Lancet Planetary Health. 2020; 4 (11):e512-e521.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWhanhee Lee; Yoonhee Kim; Francesco Sera; Antonio Gasparrini; Rokjin Park; Hayon Michelle Choi; Kristi Prifti; Michelle L Bell; Rosana Abrutzky; Yuming Guo; Shilu Tong; Micheline De Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coelho; Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva; Eric Lavigne; Hans Orru; Ene Indermitte; Jouni J K Jaakkola; Niilo R I Ryti; Mathilde Pascal; Patrick Goodman; Ariana Zeka; Masahiro Hashizume; Yasushi Honda; Magali Hurtado Diaz; Julio César Cruz; Ala Overcenco; Baltazar Nunes; Joana Madureira; Noah Scovronick; Fiorella Acquaotta; Aurelio Tobias; Ana Maria Vicedo-Cabrera; Martina S Ragettli; Yue-Liang Leon Guo; Bing-Yu Chen; Shanshan Li; Ben Armstrong; Antonella Zanobetti; Joel Schwartz; Ho Kim. 2020. "Projections of excess mortality related to diurnal temperature range under climate change scenarios: a multi-country modelling study." The Lancet Planetary Health 4, no. 11: e512-e521.
Heat exposure, which will increase with global warming, has been linked to increased risk of a range of types of cause-specific hospitalizations. However, little is known about socioeconomic disparities in vulnerability to heat. We aimed to evaluate whether there were socioeconomic disparities in vulnerability to heat-related all-cause and cause-specific hospitalization among Brazilian cities. We collected daily hospitalization and weather data in the hot season (city-specific 4 adjacent hottest months each year) during 2000–2015 from 1,814 Brazilian cities covering 78.4% of the Brazilian population. A time-stratified case-crossover design modeled by quasi-Poisson regression and a distributed lag model was used to estimate city-specific heat–hospitalization association. Then meta-analysis was used to synthesize city-specific estimates according to different socioeconomic quartiles or levels. We included 49 million hospitalizations (58.5% female; median [interquartile range] age: 33.3 [19.8–55.7] years). For cities of lower middle income (LMI), upper middle income (UMI), and high income (HI) according to the World Bank’s classification, every 5°C increase in daily mean temperature during the hot season was associated with a 5.1% (95% CI 4.4%–5.7%, P < 0.001), 3.7% (3.3%–4.0%, P < 0.001), and 2.6% (1.7%–3.4%, P < 0.001) increase in all-cause hospitalization, respectively. The inter-city socioeconomic disparities in the association were strongest for children and adolescents (0–19 years) (increased all-cause hospitalization risk with every 5°C increase [95% CI]: 9.9% [8.7%–11.1%], P < 0.001, in LMI cities versus 5.2% [4.1%–6.3%], P < 0.001, in HI cities). The disparities were particularly evident for hospitalization due to certain diseases, including ischemic heart disease (increase in cause-specific hospitalization risk with every 5°C increase [95% CI]: 5.6% [−0.2% to 11.8%], P = 0.060, in LMI cities versus 0.5% [−2.1% to 3.1%], P = 0.717, in HI cities), asthma (3.7% [0.3%–7.1%], P = 0.031, versus −6.4% [−12.1% to −0.3%], P = 0.041), pneumonia (8.0% [5.6%–10.4%], P < 0.001, versus 3.8% [1.1%–6.5%], P = 0.005), renal diseases (9.6% [6.2%–13.1%], P < 0.001, versus 4.9% [1.8%–8.0%], P = 0.002), mental health conditions (17.2% [8.4%–26.8%], P < 0.001, versus 5.5% [−1.4% to 13.0%], P = 0.121), and neoplasms (3.1% [0.7%–5.5%], P = 0.011, versus −0.1% [−2.1% to 2.0%], P = 0.939). The disparities were similar when stratifying the cities by other socioeconomic indicators (urbanization rate, literacy rate, and household income). The main limitations were lack of data on personal exposure to temperature, and that our city-level analysis did not assess intra-city or individual-level socioeconomic disparities and could not exclude confounding effects of some unmeasured variables. Less developed cities displayed stronger associations between heat exposure and all-cause hospitalizations and certain types of cause-specific hospitalizations in Brazil. This may exacerbate the existing geographical health and socioeconomic inequalities under a changing climate.
Rongbin Xu; Qi Zhao; Micheline S. Z. S. Coelho; Paulo H. N. Saldiva; Michael J. Abramson; Shanshan Li; Yuming Guo. Socioeconomic level and associations between heat exposure and all-cause and cause-specific hospitalization in 1,814 Brazilian cities: A nationwide case-crossover study. PLOS Medicine 2020, 17, e1003369 .
AMA StyleRongbin Xu, Qi Zhao, Micheline S. Z. S. Coelho, Paulo H. N. Saldiva, Michael J. Abramson, Shanshan Li, Yuming Guo. Socioeconomic level and associations between heat exposure and all-cause and cause-specific hospitalization in 1,814 Brazilian cities: A nationwide case-crossover study. PLOS Medicine. 2020; 17 (10):e1003369.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRongbin Xu; Qi Zhao; Micheline S. Z. S. Coelho; Paulo H. N. Saldiva; Michael J. Abramson; Shanshan Li; Yuming Guo. 2020. "Socioeconomic level and associations between heat exposure and all-cause and cause-specific hospitalization in 1,814 Brazilian cities: A nationwide case-crossover study." PLOS Medicine 17, no. 10: e1003369.
Background Limited evidence is available on the health effects of particulate matter (i.e. PM2.5, particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter < 2.5μm; PM10, < 10μm; PM2.5-10, 2.5-10μm) during the pandemic of COVID-19 in Italy. Objectives To examine the associations between all-cause mortality and daily PM2.5, PM2.5-10, and PM10 in the pandemic period, and compare them to the normal periods (2015-2019) in Italy. Methods We collected daily data regarding all-cause (stratified by age and gender), and PM2.5, PM2.5-10, and PM10 for 107 Italian provinces from 1, January 2015 to 31, May 2020. A time-stratified case-cross design with the distributed lag non-linear model was used to examine the association between PM and all-cause mortality during the first three months of the COVID-19 outbreak (March to May in 2020) and the same months in 2015-2019. We also compared the counts and fractions of death attributable to PM in two periods. Results Overall, Italy saw an increase in daily death counts while slight decreases in PM concentrations in 2020 pandemic period compared to same months of 2015-2019. Mortality effects were significant in lag 0-3 days for PM2.5, lag 0-2 for PM10, and lag 0-1 for PM2.5-10. Each 10 µg/m3 increase in PM was associated much higher increase in daily all-cause mortality during 2020 pandemic period compared to the same months during 2015-2019 [increased mortality rate: 7.24 % (95%CI: 4.84%, 9.70%) versus 1.69% (95%CI: 1.12%, 2.25%) for PM2.5; 3.45 % (95%C: 2.58%, 4.34%) versus 1.11% (95%CI: 0.79%, 1.42%) for PM10, 4.25% (95%CI: 2.99%, 5.52%) versus 1.76% (95%CI: 1.14%, 2.38%) for PM2.5-10]. The counts and fractions of deaths attributable to PM were higher in 2020 than the normal periods for PM2.5 (attributable death counts: 20,062 in 2020 versus 3,927 per year in 2015-2019; attributable fractions: 10.2% versus 2.4%), PM10 (15,112 versus 3,999; 7.7% versus 2.5%), and PM2.5-10 (7,193 versus 2303; 3.7% versus 1.4%). Conclusions COVID-19 pandemic increased the vulnerability and excess cases of all-cause mortality associated with short-term exposure to PM2.5, PM2.5-10 and PM10 in Italy, despite a decline in air pollution level. This suggests using historical PM-mortality association to calculate health benefits associated with reduction in PMs has big uncertainties.
Tingting Ye; Rongbin Xu; Wenhua Yu; Zhaoyue Chen; Yuming Guo; Shanshan Li. Vulnerability and burden of all-cause mortality associated with particulate air pollution increased during COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide observed study in Italy. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleTingting Ye, Rongbin Xu, Wenhua Yu, Zhaoyue Chen, Yuming Guo, Shanshan Li. Vulnerability and burden of all-cause mortality associated with particulate air pollution increased during COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide observed study in Italy. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTingting Ye; Rongbin Xu; Wenhua Yu; Zhaoyue Chen; Yuming Guo; Shanshan Li. 2020. "Vulnerability and burden of all-cause mortality associated with particulate air pollution increased during COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide observed study in Italy." , no. : 1.
Summary Background Achieving universal health coverage (UHC) involves all people receiving the health services they need, of high quality, without experiencing financial hardship. Making progress towards UHC is a policy priority for both countries and global institutions, as highlighted by the agenda of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and WHO's Thirteenth General Programme of Work (GPW13). Measuring effective coverage at the health-system level is important for understanding whether health services are aligned with countries' health profiles and are of sufficient quality to produce health gains for populations of all ages. Methods Based on the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, we assessed UHC effective coverage for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Drawing from a measurement framework developed through WHO's GPW13 consultation, we mapped 23 effective coverage indicators to a matrix representing health service types (eg, promotion, prevention, and treatment) and five population-age groups spanning from reproductive and newborn to older adults (≥65 years). Effective coverage indicators were based on intervention coverage or outcome-based measures such as mortality-to-incidence ratios to approximate access to quality care; outcome-based measures were transformed to values on a scale of 0–100 based on the 2·5th and 97·5th percentile of location-year values. We constructed the UHC effective coverage index by weighting each effective coverage indicator relative to its associated potential health gains, as measured by disability-adjusted life-years for each location-year and population-age group. For three tests of validity (content, known-groups, and convergent), UHC effective coverage index performance was generally better than that of other UHC service coverage indices from WHO (ie, the current metric for SDG indicator 3.8.1 on UHC service coverage), the World Bank, and GBD 2017. We quantified frontiers of UHC effective coverage performance on the basis of pooled health spending per capita, representing UHC effective coverage index levels achieved in 2019 relative to country-level government health spending, prepaid private expenditures, and development assistance for health. To assess current trajectories towards the GPW13 UHC billion target—1 billion more people benefiting from UHC by 2023—we estimated additional population equivalents with UHC effective coverage from 2018 to 2023. Findings Globally, performance on the UHC effective coverage index improved from 45·8 (95% uncertainty interval 44·2–47·5) in 1990 to 60·3 (58·7–61·9) in 2019, yet country-level UHC effective coverage in 2019 still spanned from 95 or higher in Japan and Iceland to lower than 25 in Somalia and the Central African Republic. Since 2010, sub-Saharan Africa showed accelerated gains on the UHC effective coverage index (at an average increase of 2·6% [1·9–3·3] per year up to 2019); by contrast, most other GBD super-regions had slowed rates of progress in 2010–2019 relative to 1990–2010. Many countries showed lagging performance on effective coverage indicators for non-communicable diseases relative to those for communicable diseases and maternal and child health, despite non-communicable diseases accounting for a greater proportion of potential health gains in 2019, suggesting that many health systems are not keeping pace with the rising non-communicable disease burden and associated population health needs. In 2019, the UHC effective coverage index was associated with pooled health spending per capita (r=0·79), although countries across the development spectrum had much lower UHC effective coverage than is potentially achievable relative to their health spending. Under maximum efficiency of translating health spending into UHC effective coverage performance, countries would need to reach $1398 pooled health spending per capita (US$ adjusted for purchasing power parity) in order to achieve 80 on the UHC effective coverage index. From 2018 to 2023, an estimated 388·9 million (358·6–421·3) more population equivalents would have UHC effective coverage, falling well short of the GPW13 target of 1 billion more people benefiting from UHC during this time. Current projections point to an estimated 3·1 billion (3·0–3·2) population equivalents still lacking UHC effective coverage in 2023, with nearly a third (968·1 million [903·5–1040·3]) residing in south Asia. Interpretation The present study demonstrates the utility of measuring effective coverage and its role in supporting improved health outcomes for all people—the ultimate goal of UHC and its achievement. Global ambitions to accelerate progress on UHC service coverage are increasingly unlikely unless concerted action on non-communicable diseases occurs and countries can better translate health spending into improved performance. Focusing on effective coverage and accounting for the world's evolving health needs lays the groundwork for better understanding how close—or how far—all populations are in benefiting from UHC. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Rafael Lozano; Nancy Fullman; John Everett Mumford; Megan Knight; Celine M Barthelemy; Cristiana Abbafati; Hedayat Abbastabar; Foad Abd-Allah; Mohammad Abdollahi; Aidin Abedi; Hassan Abolhassani; Akine Eshete Abosetugn; Lucas Guimarães Abreu; Michael R M Abrigo; Abdulaziz Khalid Abu Haimed; Abdelrahman I Abushouk; Maryam Adabi; Oladimeji M Adebayo; Victor Adekanmbi; Jaimie Adelson; Olatunji O Adetokunboh; Davoud Adham; Shailesh M Advani; Ashkan Afshin; Gina Agarwal; Pradyumna Agasthi; Seyed Mohammad Kazem Aghamir; Anurag Agrawal; Tauseef Ahmad; Rufus Olusola Akinyemi; Fares Alahdab; Ziyad Al-Aly; Khurshid Alam; Samuel B Albertson; Yihun Mulugeta Alemu; Robert Kaba Alhassan; Muhammad Ali; Saqib Ali; Vahid Alipour; Syed Mohamed Aljunid; François Alla; Majid Abdulrahman Hamad Almadi; Ali Almasi; Amir Almasi-Hashiani; Nihad A Almasri; Hesham M Al-Mekhlafi; Abdulaziz M Almulhim; Jordi Alonso; Rajaa M Al-Raddadi; Khalid Altirkawi; Nelson Alvis-Guzman; Nelson J Alvis-Zakzuk; Saeed Amini; Mostafa Amini-Rarani; Fatemeh Amiri; Arianna Maever L Amit; Dickson Amugsi; Robert Ancuceanu; Deanna Anderlini; Catalina Liliana Andrei; Sofia Androudi; Fereshteh Ansari; Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam; Carl Abelardo T Antonio; Catherine M Antony; Ernoiz Antriyandarti; Davood Anvari; Razique Anwer; Jalal Arabloo; Morteza Arab-Zozani; Aleksandr Y Aravkin; Olatunde Aremu; Johan Ärnlöv; Malke Asaad; Mehran Asadi-Aliabadi; Ali A Asadi-Pooya; Charlie Ashbaugh; Seyyed Shamsadin Athari; Maha Moh'D Wahbi Atout; Marcel Ausloos; Leticia Avila-Burgos; Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla; Getinet Ayano; Martin Amogre Ayanore; Yared Asmare Aynalem; Getie Lake Aynalem; Muluken Altaye Ayza; Samad Azari; Peter S Azzopardi; Darshan B B; Ebrahim Babaee; Ashish Badiye; Mohammad Amin Bahrami; Atif Amin Baig; Mohammad Hossein Bakhshaei; Ahad Bakhtiari; Shankar M Bakkannavar; Arun Balachandran; Shelly Balassyano; Maciej Banach; Srikanta K Banerjee; Palash Chandra Banik; Agegnehu Bante Bante; Simachew Animen Bante; Suzanne Lyn Barker-Collo; Till Winfried Bärnighausen; Lope H Barrero; Quique Bassat; Sanjay Basu; Bernhard T Baune; Mohsen Bayati; Bayisa Abdissa Baye; Neeraj Bedi; Ettore Beghi; Masoud Behzadifar; Tariku Tesfaye Tesfaye Bekuma; Michelle L Bell; Isabela M Bensenor; Adam E Berman; Eduardo Bernabe; Robert S Bernstein; Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula; Dinesh Bhandari; Pankaj Bhardwaj; Anusha Ganapati Bhat; Krittika Bhattacharyya; Suraj Bhattarai; Zulfiqar A Bhutta; Ali Bijani; Boris Bikbov; Ver Bilano; Antonio Biondi; Binyam Minuye Birihane; Moses John Bockarie; Somayeh Bohlouli; Hunduma Amensisa Bojia; Srinivasa Rao Rao Bolla; Archith Boloor; Oliver J Brady; Dejana Braithwaite; Paul Svitil Briant; Andrew M Briggs; Nikolay Ivanovich Briko; Sharath Burugina Nagaraja; Reinhard Busse; Zahid A Butt; Florentino Luciano Caetano dos Santos; Lucero Cahuana-Hurtado; Luis Alberto Cámera; Rosario Cárdenas; Giulia Carreras; Juan J Carrero; Felix Carvalho; Joao Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia; Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela; Giulio Castelpietra; Franz Castro; Ferrán Catalá-López; Kate Causey; Christopher R Cederroth; Kelly M Cercy; Ester Cerin; Joht Singh Chandan; Angela Y Chang; Jaykaran Charan; Vijay Kumar Chattu; Sarika Chaturvedi; Ken Lee Chin; Daniel Youngwhan Cho; Jee-Young Jasmine Choi; Hanne Christensen; Dinh-Toi Chu; Michael T Chung; Liliana G Ciobanu; Massimo Cirillo; Haley Comfort; Kelly Compton; Paolo Angelo Cortesi; Vera Marisa Costa; Ewerton Cousin; Saad M A Dahlawi; Giovanni Damiani; Lalit Dandona; Rakhi Dandona; Jiregna Darega Gela; Aso Mohammad Darwesh; Ahmad Daryani; Aditya Prasad Dash; Gail Davey; Claudio Alberto Dávila-Cervantes; Kairat Davletov; Jan-Walter De Neve; Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez; Kebede Deribe; Nikolaos Dervenis; Rupak Desai; Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne; Govinda Prasad Dhungana; Mostafa Dianatinasab; Diana Dias da Silva; Daniel Diaz; Ilse N Dippenaar; Hoa Thi Do; Fariba Dorostkar; Leila Doshmangir; Bruce B Duncan; Andre Rodrigues Duraes; Arielle Wilder Eagan; David Edvardsson; Iman El Sayed; Maha El Tantawi; Islam Y Elgendy; Iqbal Rf Elyazar; Khalil Eskandari; Sharareh Eskandarieh; Saman Esmaeilnejad; Alireza Esteghamati; Oluchi Ezekannagha; Tamer Farag; Mohammad Farahmand; Emerito Jose A Faraon; Carla Sofia E Sá Farinha; Andrea Farioli; Pawan Sirwan Faris; Andre Faro; Mehdi Fazlzadeh; Valery L Feigin; Eduarda Fernandes; Pietro Ferrara; Garumma Tolu Feyissa; Irina Filip; Florian Fischer; James L Fisher; Luisa Sorio Flor; Nataliya A Foigt; Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan; Artem Alekseevich Fomenkov; Masoud Foroutan; Joel Msafiri Francis; Weijia Fu; Takeshi Fukumoto; João M Furtado; Mohamed M Gad; Abhay Motiramji Gaidhane; Emmanuela Gakidou; Natalie C Galles; Silvano Gallus; William M Gardner; Biniyam Sahiledengle Geberemariyam; Abiyu Mekonnen Gebrehiwot; Leake G Gebremeskel; Gebreamlak Gebremedhn Gebremeskel; Hailay Abrha Gesesew; Keyghobad Ghadiri; Mansour Ghafourifard; Ahmad Ghashghaee; Nermin Ghith; Asadollah Gholamian; Syed Amir Gilani; Paramjit Singh Gill; Tiffany K Gill; Themba G Ginindza; Mojgan Gitimoghaddam; Giorgia Giussani; Mustefa Glagn; Elena V Gnedovskaya; Myron Anthony Godinho; Salime Goharinezhad; Sameer Vali Gopalani; Amir Hossein Goudarzian; Bárbara Niegia Garcia Goulart; Mohammed Ibr. Measuring universal health coverage based on an index of effective coverage of health services in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet 2020, 396, 1250 -1284.
AMA StyleRafael Lozano, Nancy Fullman, John Everett Mumford, Megan Knight, Celine M Barthelemy, Cristiana Abbafati, Hedayat Abbastabar, Foad Abd-Allah, Mohammad Abdollahi, Aidin Abedi, Hassan Abolhassani, Akine Eshete Abosetugn, Lucas Guimarães Abreu, Michael R M Abrigo, Abdulaziz Khalid Abu Haimed, Abdelrahman I Abushouk, Maryam Adabi, Oladimeji M Adebayo, Victor Adekanmbi, Jaimie Adelson, Olatunji O Adetokunboh, Davoud Adham, Shailesh M Advani, Ashkan Afshin, Gina Agarwal, Pradyumna Agasthi, Seyed Mohammad Kazem Aghamir, Anurag Agrawal, Tauseef Ahmad, Rufus Olusola Akinyemi, Fares Alahdab, Ziyad Al-Aly, Khurshid Alam, Samuel B Albertson, Yihun Mulugeta Alemu, Robert Kaba Alhassan, Muhammad Ali, Saqib Ali, Vahid Alipour, Syed Mohamed Aljunid, François Alla, Majid Abdulrahman Hamad Almadi, Ali Almasi, Amir Almasi-Hashiani, Nihad A Almasri, Hesham M Al-Mekhlafi, Abdulaziz M Almulhim, Jordi Alonso, Rajaa M Al-Raddadi, Khalid Altirkawi, Nelson Alvis-Guzman, Nelson J Alvis-Zakzuk, Saeed Amini, Mostafa Amini-Rarani, Fatemeh Amiri, Arianna Maever L Amit, Dickson Amugsi, Robert Ancuceanu, Deanna Anderlini, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Sofia Androudi, Fereshteh Ansari, Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam, Carl Abelardo T Antonio, Catherine M Antony, Ernoiz Antriyandarti, Davood Anvari, Razique Anwer, Jalal Arabloo, Morteza Arab-Zozani, Aleksandr Y Aravkin, Olatunde Aremu, Johan Ärnlöv, Malke Asaad, Mehran Asadi-Aliabadi, Ali A Asadi-Pooya, Charlie Ashbaugh, Seyyed Shamsadin Athari, Maha Moh'D Wahbi Atout, Marcel Ausloos, Leticia Avila-Burgos, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla, Getinet Ayano, Martin Amogre Ayanore, Yared Asmare Aynalem, Getie Lake Aynalem, Muluken Altaye Ayza, Samad Azari, Peter S Azzopardi, Darshan B B, Ebrahim Babaee, Ashish Badiye, Mohammad Amin Bahrami, Atif Amin Baig, Mohammad Hossein Bakhshaei, Ahad Bakhtiari, Shankar M Bakkannavar, Arun Balachandran, Shelly Balassyano, Maciej Banach, Srikanta K Banerjee, Palash Chandra Banik, Agegnehu Bante Bante, Simachew Animen Bante, Suzanne Lyn Barker-Collo, Till Winfried Bärnighausen, Lope H Barrero, Quique Bassat, Sanjay Basu, Bernhard T Baune, Mohsen Bayati, Bayisa Abdissa Baye, Neeraj Bedi, Ettore Beghi, Masoud Behzadifar, Tariku Tesfaye Tesfaye Bekuma, Michelle L Bell, Isabela M Bensenor, Adam E Berman, Eduardo Bernabe, Robert S Bernstein, Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula, Dinesh Bhandari, Pankaj Bhardwaj, Anusha Ganapati Bhat, Krittika Bhattacharyya, Suraj Bhattarai, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Ali Bijani, Boris Bikbov, Ver Bilano, Antonio Biondi, Binyam Minuye Birihane, Moses John Bockarie, Somayeh Bohlouli, Hunduma Amensisa Bojia, Srinivasa Rao Rao Bolla, Archith Boloor, Oliver J Brady, Dejana Braithwaite, Paul Svitil Briant, Andrew M Briggs, Nikolay Ivanovich Briko, Sharath Burugina Nagaraja, Reinhard Busse, Zahid A Butt, Florentino Luciano Caetano dos Santos, Lucero Cahuana-Hurtado, Luis Alberto Cámera, Rosario Cárdenas, Giulia Carreras, Juan J Carrero, Felix Carvalho, Joao Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia, Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela, Giulio Castelpietra, Franz Castro, Ferrán Catalá-López, Kate Causey, Christopher R Cederroth, Kelly M Cercy, Ester Cerin, Joht Singh Chandan, Angela Y Chang, Jaykaran Charan, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Sarika Chaturvedi, Ken Lee Chin, Daniel Youngwhan Cho, Jee-Young Jasmine Choi, Hanne Christensen, Dinh-Toi Chu, Michael T Chung, Liliana G Ciobanu, Massimo Cirillo, Haley Comfort, Kelly Compton, Paolo Angelo Cortesi, Vera Marisa Costa, Ewerton Cousin, Saad M A Dahlawi, Giovanni Damiani, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Dandona, Jiregna Darega Gela, Aso Mohammad Darwesh, Ahmad Daryani, Aditya Prasad Dash, Gail Davey, Claudio Alberto Dávila-Cervantes, Kairat Davletov, Jan-Walter De Neve, Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez, Kebede Deribe, Nikolaos Dervenis, Rupak Desai, Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne, Govinda Prasad Dhungana, Mostafa Dianatinasab, Diana Dias da Silva, Daniel Diaz, Ilse N Dippenaar, Hoa Thi Do, Fariba Dorostkar, Leila Doshmangir, Bruce B Duncan, Andre Rodrigues Duraes, Arielle Wilder Eagan, David Edvardsson, Iman El Sayed, Maha El Tantawi, Islam Y Elgendy, Iqbal Rf Elyazar, Khalil Eskandari, Sharareh Eskandarieh, Saman Esmaeilnejad, Alireza Esteghamati, Oluchi Ezekannagha, Tamer Farag, Mohammad Farahmand, Emerito Jose A Faraon, Carla Sofia E Sá Farinha, Andrea Farioli, Pawan Sirwan Faris, Andre Faro, Mehdi Fazlzadeh, Valery L Feigin, Eduarda Fernandes, Pietro Ferrara, Garumma Tolu Feyissa, Irina Filip, Florian Fischer, James L Fisher, Luisa Sorio Flor, Nataliya A Foigt, Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan, Artem Alekseevich Fomenkov, Masoud Foroutan, Joel Msafiri Francis, Weijia Fu, Takeshi Fukumoto, João M Furtado, Mohamed M Gad, Abhay Motiramji Gaidhane, Emmanuela Gakidou, Natalie C Galles, Silvano Gallus, William M Gardner, Biniyam Sahiledengle Geberemariyam, Abiyu Mekonnen Gebrehiwot, Leake G Gebremeskel, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn Gebremeskel, Hailay Abrha Gesesew, Keyghobad Ghadiri, Mansour Ghafourifard, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Nermin Ghith, Asadollah Gholamian, Syed Amir Gilani, Paramjit Singh Gill, Tiffany K Gill, Themba G Ginindza, Mojgan Gitimoghaddam, Giorgia Giussani, Mustefa Glagn, Elena V Gnedovskaya, Myron Anthony Godinho, Salime Goharinezhad, Sameer Vali Gopalani, Amir Hossein Goudarzian, Bárbara Niegia Garcia Goulart, Mohammed Ibr. Measuring universal health coverage based on an index of effective coverage of health services in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet. 2020; 396 (10258):1250-1284.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRafael Lozano; Nancy Fullman; John Everett Mumford; Megan Knight; Celine M Barthelemy; Cristiana Abbafati; Hedayat Abbastabar; Foad Abd-Allah; Mohammad Abdollahi; Aidin Abedi; Hassan Abolhassani; Akine Eshete Abosetugn; Lucas Guimarães Abreu; Michael R M Abrigo; Abdulaziz Khalid Abu Haimed; Abdelrahman I Abushouk; Maryam Adabi; Oladimeji M Adebayo; Victor Adekanmbi; Jaimie Adelson; Olatunji O Adetokunboh; Davoud Adham; Shailesh M Advani; Ashkan Afshin; Gina Agarwal; Pradyumna Agasthi; Seyed Mohammad Kazem Aghamir; Anurag Agrawal; Tauseef Ahmad; Rufus Olusola Akinyemi; Fares Alahdab; Ziyad Al-Aly; Khurshid Alam; Samuel B Albertson; Yihun Mulugeta Alemu; Robert Kaba Alhassan; Muhammad Ali; Saqib Ali; Vahid Alipour; Syed Mohamed Aljunid; François Alla; Majid Abdulrahman Hamad Almadi; Ali Almasi; Amir Almasi-Hashiani; Nihad A Almasri; Hesham M Al-Mekhlafi; Abdulaziz M Almulhim; Jordi Alonso; Rajaa M Al-Raddadi; Khalid Altirkawi; Nelson Alvis-Guzman; Nelson J Alvis-Zakzuk; Saeed Amini; Mostafa Amini-Rarani; Fatemeh Amiri; Arianna Maever L Amit; Dickson Amugsi; Robert Ancuceanu; Deanna Anderlini; Catalina Liliana Andrei; Sofia Androudi; Fereshteh Ansari; Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam; Carl Abelardo T Antonio; Catherine M Antony; Ernoiz Antriyandarti; Davood Anvari; Razique Anwer; Jalal Arabloo; Morteza Arab-Zozani; Aleksandr Y Aravkin; Olatunde Aremu; Johan Ärnlöv; Malke Asaad; Mehran Asadi-Aliabadi; Ali A Asadi-Pooya; Charlie Ashbaugh; Seyyed Shamsadin Athari; Maha Moh'D Wahbi Atout; Marcel Ausloos; Leticia Avila-Burgos; Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla; Getinet Ayano; Martin Amogre Ayanore; Yared Asmare Aynalem; Getie Lake Aynalem; Muluken Altaye Ayza; Samad Azari; Peter S Azzopardi; Darshan B B; Ebrahim Babaee; Ashish Badiye; Mohammad Amin Bahrami; Atif Amin Baig; Mohammad Hossein Bakhshaei; Ahad Bakhtiari; Shankar M Bakkannavar; Arun Balachandran; Shelly Balassyano; Maciej Banach; Srikanta K Banerjee; Palash Chandra Banik; Agegnehu Bante Bante; Simachew Animen Bante; Suzanne Lyn Barker-Collo; Till Winfried Bärnighausen; Lope H Barrero; Quique Bassat; Sanjay Basu; Bernhard T Baune; Mohsen Bayati; Bayisa Abdissa Baye; Neeraj Bedi; Ettore Beghi; Masoud Behzadifar; Tariku Tesfaye Tesfaye Bekuma; Michelle L Bell; Isabela M Bensenor; Adam E Berman; Eduardo Bernabe; Robert S Bernstein; Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula; Dinesh Bhandari; Pankaj Bhardwaj; Anusha Ganapati Bhat; Krittika Bhattacharyya; Suraj Bhattarai; Zulfiqar A Bhutta; Ali Bijani; Boris Bikbov; Ver Bilano; Antonio Biondi; Binyam Minuye Birihane; Moses John Bockarie; Somayeh Bohlouli; Hunduma Amensisa Bojia; Srinivasa Rao Rao Bolla; Archith Boloor; Oliver J Brady; Dejana Braithwaite; Paul Svitil Briant; Andrew M Briggs; Nikolay Ivanovich Briko; Sharath Burugina Nagaraja; Reinhard Busse; Zahid A Butt; Florentino Luciano Caetano dos Santos; Lucero Cahuana-Hurtado; Luis Alberto Cámera; Rosario Cárdenas; Giulia Carreras; Juan J Carrero; Felix Carvalho; Joao Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia; Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela; Giulio Castelpietra; Franz Castro; Ferrán Catalá-López; Kate Causey; Christopher R Cederroth; Kelly M Cercy; Ester Cerin; Joht Singh Chandan; Angela Y Chang; Jaykaran Charan; Vijay Kumar Chattu; Sarika Chaturvedi; Ken Lee Chin; Daniel Youngwhan Cho; Jee-Young Jasmine Choi; Hanne Christensen; Dinh-Toi Chu; Michael T Chung; Liliana G Ciobanu; Massimo Cirillo; Haley Comfort; Kelly Compton; Paolo Angelo Cortesi; Vera Marisa Costa; Ewerton Cousin; Saad M A Dahlawi; Giovanni Damiani; Lalit Dandona; Rakhi Dandona; Jiregna Darega Gela; Aso Mohammad Darwesh; Ahmad Daryani; Aditya Prasad Dash; Gail Davey; Claudio Alberto Dávila-Cervantes; Kairat Davletov; Jan-Walter De Neve; Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez; Kebede Deribe; Nikolaos Dervenis; Rupak Desai; Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne; Govinda Prasad Dhungana; Mostafa Dianatinasab; Diana Dias da Silva; Daniel Diaz; Ilse N Dippenaar; Hoa Thi Do; Fariba Dorostkar; Leila Doshmangir; Bruce B Duncan; Andre Rodrigues Duraes; Arielle Wilder Eagan; David Edvardsson; Iman El Sayed; Maha El Tantawi; Islam Y Elgendy; Iqbal Rf Elyazar; Khalil Eskandari; Sharareh Eskandarieh; Saman Esmaeilnejad; Alireza Esteghamati; Oluchi Ezekannagha; Tamer Farag; Mohammad Farahmand; Emerito Jose A Faraon; Carla Sofia E Sá Farinha; Andrea Farioli; Pawan Sirwan Faris; Andre Faro; Mehdi Fazlzadeh; Valery L Feigin; Eduarda Fernandes; Pietro Ferrara; Garumma Tolu Feyissa; Irina Filip; Florian Fischer; James L Fisher; Luisa Sorio Flor; Nataliya A Foigt; Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan; Artem Alekseevich Fomenkov; Masoud Foroutan; Joel Msafiri Francis; Weijia Fu; Takeshi Fukumoto; João M Furtado; Mohamed M Gad; Abhay Motiramji Gaidhane; Emmanuela Gakidou; Natalie C Galles; Silvano Gallus; William M Gardner; Biniyam Sahiledengle Geberemariyam; Abiyu Mekonnen Gebrehiwot; Leake G Gebremeskel; Gebreamlak Gebremedhn Gebremeskel; Hailay Abrha Gesesew; Keyghobad Ghadiri; Mansour Ghafourifard; Ahmad Ghashghaee; Nermin Ghith; Asadollah Gholamian; Syed Amir Gilani; Paramjit Singh Gill; Tiffany K Gill; Themba G Ginindza; Mojgan Gitimoghaddam; Giorgia Giussani; Mustefa Glagn; Elena V Gnedovskaya; Myron Anthony Godinho; Salime Goharinezhad; Sameer Vali Gopalani; Amir Hossein Goudarzian; Bárbara Niegia Garcia Goulart; Mohammed Ibr. 2020. "Measuring universal health coverage based on an index of effective coverage of health services in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019." The Lancet 396, no. 10258: 1250-1284.
Backgrounds The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and some containment measures have changed many people’s lives and behaviours. Whether the pandemic could change the association between cold temperature and mortality remains unknown. Objectives We aimed to assess whether the association between cold temperature and all-cause mortality in the pandemic period has changed compared to non-COVID-19 period (2015-2019) in Italy. Methods We collected daily all-cause mortality data and meteorological data for 107 Italian provinces from 1, January 2015 to 31, May 2020. A time-stratified case-crossover design with the distributed lag non-linear model was used to examine the association between cold temperature and all-cause mortality during the first three months (from March to May in 2020) of the COVID-19 outbreak and the same months in 2015-2019. Results The relative risk (RR) of all-cause mortality at extreme cold temperature (2.5th percentile of temperature at 3 °C) in comparison with the minimum mortality temperature (24 °C) was 4.75 [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.90-5.79] in the pandemic period, which is more than triple higher than RR [1.41 (95%CI: 1.33-1.50)] in the same months during 2015-2019. The shift in cold-mortality association was particularly significant for people aged 65-74 years [RR (95%CI): 5.98 (3.78-9.46) in 2020 versus 1.29 (1.10-1.51) in 2015-2019], 75-84 years [5.25 (3.79-7.26) versus 1.40 (1.25-1.56)], and ≥ 85 years [5.03 (3.90-6.51) versus 1.52 (1.39-1.66)], but not significant for those aged 0-64 years [1.95 (1.17-3.24) versus 1.24 (1.05-1.48)]. Conclusion The findings suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic enhanced the risk of cold temperature on mortality in Italy, particularly among the elderly people. Further studies are warranted to understand the exact mechanism when detailed data are available.
Wenhua Yu; Rongbin Xu; Tingting Ye; Chunlei Han; Shanshan Li; Yuming Guo. COVID-19 pandemic increased the magnitude of mortality risks associated with cold temperature in Italy: A nationwide time-stratified case-crossover study. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleWenhua Yu, Rongbin Xu, Tingting Ye, Chunlei Han, Shanshan Li, Yuming Guo. COVID-19 pandemic increased the magnitude of mortality risks associated with cold temperature in Italy: A nationwide time-stratified case-crossover study. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWenhua Yu; Rongbin Xu; Tingting Ye; Chunlei Han; Shanshan Li; Yuming Guo. 2020. "COVID-19 pandemic increased the magnitude of mortality risks associated with cold temperature in Italy: A nationwide time-stratified case-crossover study." , no. : 1.