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Avinash R. Pai is a doctoral student at the International and Inter University Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala, India. He holds an M.Tech in Polymer Engineering from Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai. His research was funded under the auspices of Visvesvaraya Ph.D Scheme instituted by Digital India Corporation, Ministry of Electronics and IT (MeitY), Government of India. As a part of his doctoral research, he was also a visiting researcher at Lancaster University, UK under the Newton Bhabha Ph.D Placement program. His research interests include the development of flexible polymer nanocomposites for Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) shielding applications.
Solvents are an inevitable part of industries. They are widely used in manufacturing and processing industries. Despite the numerous controlling measures taken, solvents contaminate our environment to a vast extent. Green and sustainable solvents have been a matter of growing interest within the research community over the past few years due to the increasing environmental concerns. Solvents are categorized as “green” based on their nonvolatility, nonflammability, availability, biodegradability and so on. The use of ionic liquids, super critical carbon dioxide and aqueous solvents for the fabrication of polymer composites is discussed in this review. The progress of utilizing solvent-free approaches for polymer composite preparation and efforts to produce new biobased solvents are also summarized.
Blessy Joseph; Saravanan Krishnan; Sagarika Kavil; Avinash Pai; Jemy James; Nandakumar Kalarikkal; Sabu Thomas. Green Chemistry Approach for Fabrication of Polymer Composites. Sustainable Chemistry 2021, 2, 254 -270.
AMA StyleBlessy Joseph, Saravanan Krishnan, Sagarika Kavil, Avinash Pai, Jemy James, Nandakumar Kalarikkal, Sabu Thomas. Green Chemistry Approach for Fabrication of Polymer Composites. Sustainable Chemistry. 2021; 2 (2):254-270.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBlessy Joseph; Saravanan Krishnan; Sagarika Kavil; Avinash Pai; Jemy James; Nandakumar Kalarikkal; Sabu Thomas. 2021. "Green Chemistry Approach for Fabrication of Polymer Composites." Sustainable Chemistry 2, no. 2: 254-270.
Electromagnetic (EM) pollution is ubiquitous and has soared to a great extent in the past few decades. The use of plant sourced cellulose nanofibers to fabricate sustainable and high performance electromagnetic shielding materials is foreseen as a green solution by the electronics industry to address this unseen pollutant. In this view, we report a facile and environmentally benign strategy to synthesize ultra-light and highly conductive aerogels derived from cellulose nanofibers (CNF) decorated with polyaniline (PANI) via a simple in-situ polymerization and subsequent freeze drying process devoid of any volatile organic solvents. The obtained conductive aerogels exhibited density as low as 0.01925 g/cc with a maximum EMI shielding value −32 dB in X band region. These porous shields demonstrated strong microwave absorption behavior (95 %) with minimal reflection (5 %) coupled with high specific EMI SE value ∼1667 dB.cm3. g−1 which make these aerogels a potential candidate for use in telecommunication, military and defense applications.
Avinash R Pai; T. Binumol; Deepu A. Gopakumar; Daniel Pasquini; Bastien Seantier; Nandakumar Kalarikkal; Sabu Thomas. Ultra-fast heat dissipating aerogels derived from polyaniline anchored cellulose nanofibers as sustainable microwave absorbers. Carbohydrate Polymers 2020, 246, 116663 .
AMA StyleAvinash R Pai, T. Binumol, Deepu A. Gopakumar, Daniel Pasquini, Bastien Seantier, Nandakumar Kalarikkal, Sabu Thomas. Ultra-fast heat dissipating aerogels derived from polyaniline anchored cellulose nanofibers as sustainable microwave absorbers. Carbohydrate Polymers. 2020; 246 ():116663.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAvinash R Pai; T. Binumol; Deepu A. Gopakumar; Daniel Pasquini; Bastien Seantier; Nandakumar Kalarikkal; Sabu Thomas. 2020. "Ultra-fast heat dissipating aerogels derived from polyaniline anchored cellulose nanofibers as sustainable microwave absorbers." Carbohydrate Polymers 246, no. : 116663.
Deepu A. Gopakumar; Avinash R. Pai; Daniel Pasquini; Leu Shao-Yuan (Ben); Abdul Khalil H.P.S.; Sabu Thomas. Nanomaterials—State of Art, New Challenges, and Opportunities. Nanoscale Materials in Water Purification 2019, 1 -24.
AMA StyleDeepu A. Gopakumar, Avinash R. Pai, Daniel Pasquini, Leu Shao-Yuan (Ben), Abdul Khalil H.P.S., Sabu Thomas. Nanomaterials—State of Art, New Challenges, and Opportunities. Nanoscale Materials in Water Purification. 2019; ():1-24.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDeepu A. Gopakumar; Avinash R. Pai; Daniel Pasquini; Leu Shao-Yuan (Ben); Abdul Khalil H.P.S.; Sabu Thomas. 2019. "Nanomaterials—State of Art, New Challenges, and Opportunities." Nanoscale Materials in Water Purification , no. : 1-24.
A series of flexible, lightweight, and highly conductive cellulose nanopapers were fabricated through in situ polymerization of aniline monomer on to cellulose nanofibers with a rationale for attenuating electromagnetic radiations within 8.2–12.4 GHz (X band). The demonstrated paper exhibits good conductivity due to the formation of a continuous coating of polyaniline (PANI) over the cellulose nanofibers (CNF) during in situ polymerization, which is evident from scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The free hydroxyl groups on the surface of nanocellulose fibers promptly form intermolecular hydrogen bonding with PANI, which plays a vital role in shielding electromagnetic radiations and makes the cellulose nanopapers even more robust. These composite nanopapers exhibited an average shielding effectiveness of ca. −23 dB (>99% attenuation) at 8.2 GHz with 1 mm paper thickness. The fabricated papers exhibited an effective attenuation of electromagnetic waves by a predominant absorption mechanism (ca. 87%) rather than reflection (ca. 13%), which is highly desirable for the present-day telecommunication sector. Unlike metal-based shields, these demonstrated PANI/CNF papers have given a new platform for designing green microwave attenuators via an absorption mechanism. The prime novelty of the present study is that these robust PANI/CNF nanopapers have the ability to attenuate incoming microwave radiations to an extent that is 360% higher than the shielding effectiveness value reported in the previous literature. This makes them suitable for use in commercial electronic gadgets. This demonstrated work also opens up new avenues for using cellulose nanofibers as an effective substrate for fabricating conductive flexible papers using polyaniline. The direct current conductivity value of PANI/CNF nanopaper was 0.314 S/cm, which is one of the key requisites for the fabrication of efficient electromagnetic shields. Nevertheless, such nanopapers also open up an arena of applications such as electrodes for supercapacitors, separators for Li–S, Li–polymer batteries, and other freestanding flexible paper-based devices.
Deepu A. Gopakumar; Avinash R. Pai; Yasir Beeran Pottathara; Daniel Pasquini; Luís Carlos de Morais; Mereena Luke; Nandakumar Kalarikkal; Yves Grohens; Sabu Thomas. Cellulose Nanofiber-Based Polyaniline Flexible Papers as Sustainable Microwave Absorbers in the X-Band. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2018, 10, 20032 -20043.
AMA StyleDeepu A. Gopakumar, Avinash R. Pai, Yasir Beeran Pottathara, Daniel Pasquini, Luís Carlos de Morais, Mereena Luke, Nandakumar Kalarikkal, Yves Grohens, Sabu Thomas. Cellulose Nanofiber-Based Polyaniline Flexible Papers as Sustainable Microwave Absorbers in the X-Band. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. 2018; 10 (23):20032-20043.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDeepu A. Gopakumar; Avinash R. Pai; Yasir Beeran Pottathara; Daniel Pasquini; Luís Carlos de Morais; Mereena Luke; Nandakumar Kalarikkal; Yves Grohens; Sabu Thomas. 2018. "Cellulose Nanofiber-Based Polyaniline Flexible Papers as Sustainable Microwave Absorbers in the X-Band." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 10, no. 23: 20032-20043.