The demand for high‐performance displays is continuously increasing because of their wide range of applications in smart devices (smartphones/watches), augmented reality, virtual reality, and naked eye 3D projection. High‐resolution, transparent, and flexible displays are the main types of display to be used in future. In the above scenario, the micro‐LEDs (light‐emitting diodes) display which has outstanding features, such as low power consumption, wider color gamut, longer lifetime, and short response‐time, can replace traditional liquid crystal displays and organic LEDs‐based display technologies. However, to attain a remarkable position in future display technology, the micro‐LEDs need to overcome problems associated with mass transfer and its high cost of manufacturing. Besides micro‐LEDs, the other option for future displays includes the usage of color conversion medium (phosphor/ quantum dots) to convert some of the blue light into other colors. In this review, the various mass transfer display technologies and color conversion strategies which are being used for the realization of a full‐color display are discussed.

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) derived from biomass, a suggested green approach for nanomaterial synthesis, often possess poor optical properties and have low photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). This study employed an environmentally friendly, cost-effective, continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis (CHFS) process to synthesise efficient nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) from biomass precursors (glucose in the presence of ammonia). The concentrations of ammonia, as nitrogen dopant precursor, were varied to optimise the optical properties of CQDs. Optimised N-CQDs showed significant enhancement in fluorescence emission properties with a PLQY of 9.6% compared to pure glucose derived-CQDs (g-CQDs) without nitrogen doping which have PLQY of less than 1%. With stability over a pH range of pH 2 to pH 11, the N-CQDs showed excellent sensitivity as a nano-sensor for the highly toxic highly-pollutant chromium (VI), where efficient photoluminescence (PL) quenching was observed. The optimised nitrogen-doping process demonstrated effective and efficient tuning of the overall electronic structure of the N-CQDs resulting in enhanced optical properties and performance as a nano-sensor.