Crowd logistics is a recent trend that proposes the participation of ordinary people in the distribution process of products and goods. This idea is becoming increasingly important to both delivery and retail companies, because it allows them to reduce their delivery costs and, hence, to increase the sustainability of the company. One way to obtain these reductions is to hire external drivers who use their own vehicles to make deliveries to destinations which are close to their daily trips from work to home, for instance. This situation is modelled as the Vehicle Routing Problem with Occasional Drivers (VRPOD), which seeks to minimize the total cost incurred to perform the deliveries using vehicles belonging to the company and occasionally hiring regular citizens to make just one delivery. However, the integration of this features into the distribution system of a company requires a fast and efficient algorithm. In this paper, we propose three different implementations based on the Iterated Local Search algorithm that are able to outperform the state-of-art of this problem with regard to the quality performance. Besides, our proposal is a light-weight algorithm which can produce results in small computation times, allowing its integration into corporate information systems.

Esta investigación presenta una herramienta que ofrece una ágil solución para aquellas asignaturas universitarias percibidas por los estudiantes con mayor complejidad. La herramienta combina, por un lado, el aprendizaje basado en videos y, por otro, un sistema de baremación de la dificultad, previo a la elaboración de los videos. Como punto de partida, se utiliza el feedback del estudiante para la obtención de un mapa de dificultad de la asignatura. A partir de las balizas identificativas de este mapa, se ha elaborado ad hoc un conjunto de videos para abordar las cuestiones clave y de mayor dificultad. Tras utilizar estos videos en la preparación de la materia, los estudiantes han realizado una encuesta de satisfacción, validada cualitativamente por expertos y cuantitativamente por el test Alpha de Cronbach. Los resultados de la encuesta reflejan la utilidad de la propuesta de aprendizaje diseñada y el interés despertado en los estudiantes. Asimismo, mediante un análisis estadístico, se pone de manifiesto una mejora en el rendimiento académico de aquellos que sí tuvieron acceso a estos videos, en comparación con el grupo de control. Utilizando como prueba piloto una asignatura de contabilidad, se ha conseguido llegar a una propuesta de aprendizaje que resulta extrapolable a cualquier ámbito de conocimiento. El sistema propuesto contribuye a un proceso de enseñanza eficaz para los estudiantes y les otorga el rol de protagonistas en su propia formación académica.

No one doubts the importance of public transport services in the economic backbone of any country. In recent decades, there has been a growing interest in the contribution to Sustainable Development Goals on the part of governments, companies, and stakeholders. In this sense, transport can contribute to the sustainability of cities and facilitate other social objectives, such as universal accessibility, with innovation being a key pillar for this. Thus, the main objective of this study is to analyze users’ perceptions of the innovation and sustainability of public transport in Spain.To analyze the user’s perception of public transport, a questionnaire was developed following Bitner’s Servicescape Model. A total of 1,354 responses were collected in different Spanish cities. The main results show that the policies implemented in both innovation and sustainability are perceived positively but do not seem to have much impact on the service user. Public transport users prioritize the speed, frequency, and safety of the service received. In addition, it should be noted that the gender of the user influences the preferences of the objectives, i.e., men value technological development in public transport more. At the same time, women give higher priority to sustainability. The age of users is another variable that conditions public transport users’ perceptions of innovation and sustainability. The results also show users’ preferences for different types of public transport.The study’s main contribution is that it shows to what extent the innovation and sustainability policies applied in the public transport service are valued and motivate citizens to use the service. The political and management decisions may be disconnected from the reality perceived by users. These decisions may be more linked to regulatory pressures and involve a high implementation cost, so it is necessary to consider the valuation of users’ service so that the benefit or social return of these investments is high, encouraging the use of the service.

The objective of this study is twofold: on one hand, to analyze the current conceptual theories about e-government, e-participation, and social media. On the other hand, to analyze the cooperation among the most influential authors and its organizations where they belong. We will use different bibliometric software such as CitNetExplorer and SciMAT. Conceptual theories and cooperation among the most influential authors and its organizations will help us understand how the last trends in e-government and social media and the dynamics of the academic community work in the area. As interesting results, we can highlight that the technology acceptance model and the unified model of electronic government adoption are motor themes. Additionally, the analysis of the most influential authors and organizations shows that researchers such as Dwivedi from the University of Maryland and Jaeger from the Arizona State University in social media and e-government are the most significant authors. Furthermore, countries such as USA and Spain are leading the research on three topics, where Spanish researchers are growing considerably especially in social media related to e-government.

The transport sector in Spain is a branch of economic activity which is already of great importance according to its own invoicing, value added and occupation figures, in addition to its indirect economic effects. It has an additional strategic value for economic policy, since it constitutes a fundamental part of the cost of placing products on increasing markets in a competitive manner. The mobility and transportation of passengers in cities in turn plays an essential role in the economic and social activity. All of these reasons, in addition to the recent significant problems of sustainability which this priority sector is currently confronting in all aspects, justify an interest in a study which attempts to obtain a profile of this public service by using a strategic analysis through the application of the traditional Porter Five Forces Model. The application of this model will allow us to obtain a general strategic vision which, when combined with a maturity analysis, will provide a more in-depth knowledge of the object under study, that will serve as a basis for subsequent analyses of the collective urban public transport service