Background: Smoking was among the top contributors to deaths and disability as the prevalence among male adults remains high, and that among male youth increases in Indonesia. While local studies have shown high visibility of outdoor tobacco advertising around schools, the country still has no outdoor tobacco advertising ban. Objective: To examine the association between youth smoking behavior and measures of outdoor tobacco advertising density and proximity in Indonesia. Methods: We combined two primary data sources, including outdoor tobacco advertising and smoking behavior among male youth in Semarang city. We randomly selected and interviewed 400 male students at 20 high schools in the city. In addition, we interviewed 492 male adults who lived near the schools for comparison. Results: We found significant associations between smoking use among youth (but not among adults) and measures of outdoor tobacco advertising density and proximity in Semarang city. Youth at schools with medium and high density of outdoor tobacco advertising were up to 2.16 times more likely to smoke, compared to those with low density. Similarly, youth at senior high schools with proximity to outdoor tobacco advertising were 2.8 times more likely to smoke. Also, young people at poorer-neighborhood schools with a higher density of and proximity to outdoor tobacco advertising were up to 5.16 times more likely to smoke. Conclusions: There were significant associations between smoking use among male youth (but not among male adults) and measures of outdoor tobacco advertising density and proximity in Indonesia. This highlights the need to introduce an outdoor tobacco advertising ban effectively, at least near schools.

Because of the increasing adoption and use of technology in primary health care (PHC), public health informatics competencies (PHIC) are becoming essential for public health workers. Unfortunately, no studies have measured PHIC in resource-limited setting. This paper describes the process of developing and validating Public Health Informatics Competencies for Primary Health Care (PHIC4PHC), an instrument for measuring PHC workers’ competencies in public health informatics. Method: This study developed a questionnaire that had three stages: the Delphi technique, a pretest, and field test. Eleven academicians from a university and 13 PHC workers joined 2 rounds of group discussion in the first stage. The second stage comprised two pilot studies with 75 PHC workers in Semarang Municipality. The third stage involved validating the questionnaire with 462 PHC workers in Kendal District. This study used Pearson’s product-moment correlation for the validity check and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for determining the internal consistency. This study used the K-means algorithm for clustering the results of the PHIC4PHC questionnaire. Results and Conclusion: PHIC4PHC is the first comprehensive PHIC questionnaire administered in a resource-limited setting, consisting of 11 indicators and 42 measurement items concerning knowledge of health information systems, skills required for health data management, ethical aspects of data sharing and health information literacy. The final results of PHIC4PHC were clustered into three classes based on the K-means algorithm. Overall, 45.7% PHC workers achieved medium competency, whereas 25.6% and 27.7% achieved low and high competency, respectively. Men had higher competency than women. The higher the worker’s level of education, the higher the PHIC level; the longer the worker’s work experience, the lower the PHIC score; and the greater the worker’s age, the lower the PHIC score. Measuring and monitoring PHIC is vital to support successful health IT adoption in PHC.

Background: Health Literacy is an ability of people to gain access, understand, appraise and use information to promote and maintain good health. Research on adolescent health literacy is very important considering health literacy will help them maintain their health and get a good quality of life in the future. This paper provides evidences of the correlation between media use and health literacy. Methods: This study was a cross sectional survey on 140 respondents. The study population was the X and XI grade of two high schools in Semarang. The questionnaire of health literacy consisted of HLS-EU-16 and eHEALS (eHealth Literacy Scale). Spearman Rank and Chi Square were used for data analysis. Results: Factors associated to health literacy on high school students were health information access from internet (p = 0.008, Rho = 0.224), mobile phone (p = 0.012, Rho 0.213), social media (p-value 0.000, Rho 0.399) attending extracurricular activity (p-value 0.043), medical/health training in family (p-value 0.001), and eHEALS (p-value 0.000, Rho 0.421). Conclusion: Low health literacy still be a problem on high school students. They were very easy to access online health information but had difficulties to evaluate the right and trusted health information. It is suggested to improve the health literacy of students through social media and give the capacity to choose the right information.

Background/Objectives: The evaluation of metabolic and physiological health indicators in people with Down syndrome (DS) is crucial, since these people are more prone to metabolic problems. However, there is limited scientific evidence regarding the health status and health literacy (HL) of adults with DS and their legal guardians. This study aimed to assess the health status of adults with DS and determine the HL levels of their legal guardians. Methods: Eighteen adults (11 females, 7 males) with DS aged 28.64 ± 9.01 years were tested for health status, and their legal guardians completed the HL survey. Gender differences in all study variables were checked by t-tests for independent samples and Cohen’s D effect sizes (ESs). Differences in all study variables between parents with low and adequate HL were calculated via receiver operating characteristic curves. Results: Males were overweight, whereas females were obese (mean BMI = 26.51 and 30.10 for males and females, respectively). Females had higher high-density lipoprotein concentrations (large ES), whereas males had higher hematocrit and hemoglobin concentrations (large ES). Hematological parameters were the most significant variables that differed between parents with limited and adequate HL status (AUC = 0.79–0.87). Conclusions: These findings suggest that in the absence of severe comorbidities, adults with DS may achieve stable health profiles, particularly when supported by structured physical activity and informed caregiving. The influence of parental HL on health parameters points to the potential for parent-targeted health education to improve health outcomes and promote autonomy in individuals with DS through supported decision-making. Thus, our findings highlight the need for greater investment in caregiver and parental health education and systemic support to optimize health outcomes in adults with DS. Future research should explore interventions aimed at improving parental HL and examine the extent to which these efforts translate into improved health outcomes for people with DS.

The development of tourism has been progressing rapidly. Tourism has now spread to the countryside, where a tourist village can be found. A tourist village is a village that has unique and distinctive values. Homestays are one of the supporting facilities required for the development of tourist villages. But unfortunately, in homestay management there are many limitations, including mastery of technology. Technology itself has an important role because digital-based homestay management can further increase efficiency and integration in homestay management. Because of that, Dian Nuswantoro University partnered with PT Wimbo to design a homestay management information system called SIMBOK-KU. This system makes it easy to monitor reservations, payments, service standards, and even homestay customer satisfaction. On November 12, 2022, this system went live. This system is a solution to several obstacles encountered in website management, such as difficulties in dividing customers among homestay members, inability to fulfill cashless payments, difficulty verifying reservations and payments through travel agents, difficulties managing financial reports, and difficulties managing homestay service standards.