The development of microbial enzymes was a crucial event in the industrial sectors as a result of the tremendous growth of biotechnology in recent years. Popularity of waste management and bioremediation processes have both made extensive use of microorganisms’ whole cells and their enzymes. The pharmaceutical, textile, food, cosmetics, leather, paper, energy, biomaterials, fine chemicals, cellulose, and detergent sectors are some of the uses area of microbial enzymes. Depending on different uses, researchers can search for novel bacterial strains that might exhibit previously unrecognized enzymatic activity. Also for searching for plasmids that could be used as cloning vectors to tackle medication resistance in thermophilic microorganisms. The Anoxybacillus flavithermus bacteria, which were isolated from a hot spring in the Turkish city of Afyon, was employed in this investigation. The ability of the identified bacteria to produce extracellular hydrolytic enzymes was tested. For this, the activities of catalase, urease, and lipase as well as the hydrolysis of starch, casein, xylan, and asparagine were researched. Additionally, tests for antibiotic resistance were studied on the isolated bacteria using four different antibiotics (erythromycin, chloramphenicol, rifamycin, and ampicillin). All identified strains fermented starch as carbon and energy sources, and after 24 hours of incubation, amylase activity was detected at 50°C and pH 7.0. All strains were determined to be catalase-positive, and with a few exceptions, the majority of A. flavithermus strains were also found to be urease and caseinase positive. Industrial products that can be obtained from bacteria found in extreme environments will be effective in the development of future technology.

Traditionally consumed food and spices are significant sources in the daily life diet and constitute a large portion of the cuisine in Eastern Anatolia in Turkey. However, limited data available necessitate further analysis of their chemical composition and health attributing properties. This study aims to present phytochemical composition and biological activities of Sium sisarum var. lancifolium, a commonly consumed spice and food species in the region. Analytical studies to date have revealed the presence of high levels of phenolics (chlorogenic acid and isoquercetin) and volatiles (α-terpinene, camphene, cyclohexene, carene and p-cymene), which exhibits significant potential of digestive enzyme suppressive and antioxidant abilities. Data collected in this study suggest the use of Sium sisarum plant to obtain nutraceuticals and/or biotherapeutic agents that are able to regulate oxidative stress and enzyme activities.

Aras Nehri coğrafik ve ekolojik anlamda çok önemli bir yere sahiptir. Aras Nehrindeki Streptomyces çeşitliliğinin tespit edilmesi, izolasyonu, teşhisi ve karakterizasyonunun, mikrobiyolojik ve moleküler biyoloji ve genetik alanlarında bilim dünyasına katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Streptomyces türleri bilim dünyası için çok önemli bir yere sahiptir, çünkü bu bakteri türlerinin ürettiği başta antibiyotikler olmak üzere birçok önemli madde bulunmaktadır. Aras Nehrinin geçtiği Erzurum Horasan, Kars Karakurt ve Iğdır Tuzluca bölgelerinden alınan numuneler Streptomyces çeşitliliği bakımından incelendi. Belirlenen lokalitelerden alınan sediment örneklerinin pH ve nem oranları tespit edildi. Bennet’s Agar ve M65 besiyerleri kullanılarak izolasyon, saflaştırma ve renk grubu belirleme çalışması yapıldı. Bu bakteri gruplarının teşhisi amacıyla biyokimyasal, fenotipik ve moleküler testler uygulandı. Renk grubuna göre belirlenen izolatların Spor zincir morfolojisi görüntülendi (SEM). Mikrobiyolojik olarak izole edilecek bakterilerin 16 S rDNA gen bölgelerinin sekans analizi gerçekleştirildi. Bu işlemin ardından elde edilen diziler Genbank verileri ile karşılaştırılarak izole edilen bakterilerin moleküler yakınlık ve benzerlik oranları elde edildi.