The plastic bottles that are used for packaging water are harmful to the environment. The objective of this study was to examine the influence of consumers’ environmental concern on both their intention to reduce consumption of water sold in single-use plastic bottles and their actual behaviour. An extended version of the theory of planned behaviour is used as the main theoretical framework. Structural equation modelling is employed based on data gathered in 2020 from 1011 Polish respondents to test the study’s hypotheses. The results support the model, as all tested relations are statistically significant. More specifically, we confirm the indirect impact of environmental concern on both intention and behaviour concerning bottled water consumption (BWC): environmental concern is positively related to attitudes towards reducing BWC, subjective norms regarding reduction in BWC, perceived behavioural control over BWC, and perceived moral obligation to protect natural resources, all of which, in turn, are positively related to intention to reduce BWC. We also prove that intention to reduce BWC is positively related to consumption of non-bottled water. The results may serve to guide decision makers seeking to promote ecologically friendly behaviour.

Interest in the use of scents in retail environments for creating better customer experiences is growing. Yet, knowledge of the effectiveness of aromachology to affect actual customer behavior and ultimately increase turnover is incomplete, as published results present inconsistencies and are often based on highly controlled environments rather than actual store environments. Situated within this context, this paper offers a systematic review on research in aromachology with a focus on effects on actual customer behavior in actual retail environments. As expected, the available research on actual environments (relative to laboratory-based studies) is limited, with only 20 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. While reported results are, overall, indicative of the positive effects of scent on customers’ emotional states and on their in-store behavior (dwell time, product choices) and attitudes (purchase intention, intention to revisit), several critical issues with the available literature emerged. These pertain primarily to a lack of sufficient methodological details (specifically on the scents, their compositions, intensity and methods of delivery), a narrow focus on scents without considering interactions with other atmospherics factors, and a general disregard of individual differences in olfaction. The review provides suggestions for addressing these shortcomings and improving the quality and actionability of this line of research.

W artykule w oparciu o przeprowadzony przegląd literatury oraz badania własne wskazano na znaczenie relacji pośrednich w działalności przedsiębiorstwa. Stwierdzono, że relacje frontalne pośrednie wpływają przede wszystkim na stosowane przez przedsiębiorstwa strategie. Natomiast relacje wsteczne pośrednie warunkują głównie poziom kosztów w przedsiębiorstwie oraz jakość i wizerunek produktów.

In the current dynamically changing environment and unstable economy, there are a number of factors that are changing consumers’ intention to buy food. Due to that fact, there is still a need for further usage and adoption of available consumer behaviour models and theories in the research literature relating to the purchase intention in the food market. The aim of the paper is to determine what dominant theories and models found in the literature are used in the analysis of consumer behaviour relating to the purchase intention in the food market. It also seeks to examine research approaches and methods employed, as well as the authors’ perspectives on the applied theories or models, in order to highlight future opportunities for both qualitative and quantitative research in this area. The authors analyse 111 papers published in the years 2020–2023. The critical review has been adopted as a method of literature analysis. The results obtained indicate that the most frequently used theory or model in the consumer behaviour analysis regarding the food market is the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). Nevertheless, in several studies, it is observed that the theories and models presented in the literature are used without providing any perspective or conclusion by the authors in this research area.