Background: Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), a novel prognostic indicator, is being more commonly utilized in different types of cancer. This research project involved combining information from previously published studies to examine how pre-treatment SII can predict outcomes in individuals with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). Further examination of the correlation between SII and clinical and pathological features in UTUC.Methods: We thoroughly chose pertinent articles from various databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang database, and Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP) until March 10, 2022.The data collected was analyzed using Stata 17.0 software (Stat Corp, College Station, TX). Subsequently, the impact of SII on the survival outcomes of UTUC patients was evaluated by combining HRs with 95% confidence intervals.Results: Six included studies were finally confirmed, including 3911 UTUC patients in seven cohorts. The results showed that high SII before treatment predicted poor overall survival (HR =1.87, 95%CI 1.20-2.92, p=0.005), cancer specific survival (HR=2.70, 95%CI 1.47-4.96, P=0.001), and recurrence‐free survival (HR =1.52, 95%CI 1.12-2.07, P=0.007). And the elevated SII may be related to LVI (present vs. absent) (OR=0.83, 95% CI=0.71-0.97, p=0.018), pT stage (pT ≥3 vs. < 3) (OR=1.82, 95% CI=1.21-2.72, p=0.004), and pN stage (N+ vs. N0) (OR=3.27, 95% CI=1.60-6.71, p=0.001).Conclusion: A comprehensive analysis of all included articles in this study showed that higher pretreatment SII was related to poorer survival outcomes and adverse pathological features independently.Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022316333.

Purpose: We assessed clinical and tumor biological features and evaluated their association with positive surgical margins (PSMs) and positive apical margins (PAMs) variability after radical prostatectomy (RP) in men with non-metastasis prostate cancer (nmPCa) in our institute. Patients and methods: During the period from January 2013 to December 2017, clinical and pathological data were collected in 200 patients with nmPCa undergoing RP in the Urological department of Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute. Surgical and apical margins were stated negative and positive, separately. A dichotomous logistic regression model was used to assess clinical and tumor biological features including age, total prostate volume (TPV), biopsy positive cores (BPC), D’Amico risk grade, tumor clinical stage, International Society of Urologic Pathology (ISUP) grade, tPSA, f/t and pelvic lymph nodes (PLN) invasion, and their association with PSMs and PAMs was evaluated. Results: Overall, men with nmPCa in this study had a high ISUP grade (58.5% grade 3–5), high risk grade (89.4%) and high clinical T stage (56% cT3-4). PSMs were detected in 106 patients; the rate of PSMs was 53%. Among patients with PSMs, 83% were PAMs; the overall rate of PAMs was 44%. Among patients with PSMs, high risk (OR, 1.439; p = 0.023), cT3a (OR, 1.737; p = 0.045), cT3b (OR, 5.286; p < 0.001), cT4 (OR, 6.12; p < 0.001), ISUP Grade 4 (OR, 2; p = 0.034) and Grade 5 (OR, 6.167; p < 0.001) and PLN invasion (OR, 6; p = 0.019) were strongly associated with PSMs using a dichotomous logistic regression univariable model, and high risk (OR, 6; p = 0.019), cT3a (OR, 5.116; p = 0.048), cT3b (OR, 9.194; p = 0.008), cT4 (OR, 4.58; p = 0.01), ISUP Grade 4 (OR, 7.04; p = 0.035), Grade 5 (OR, 16.514; p = 0.002) and PLN invasion (OR, 5.516; p = 0.03) were independently associated with PSMs by using multivariable analysis. Among patients with PAMs, cT3b (OR, 2.667; p = 0.004), cT4 (OR, 3; p = 0.034) and proportion of BPC (OR, 4.594; p = 0.027) were strongly associated with PAMs by using a dichotomous logistic regression univariable model, and cT3b (OR, 3.899; p = 0.02), cT4 (OR, 2.8; p = 0.041) and proportion of BPC (OR, 5.247; p = 0.04) were independently associated with PSMs by using multivariable analysis. Conclusions: Patients with nmPCa in our institute had high risk, high ISUP grade and high clinical stage. Tumor biological factors were strongly associated with PSMs and PAMs, and PLN invasion was independently associated with PSMs. The risk factors influenced the status of surgical margins, and apical margins were different.

Background/Objectives: Procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 1 (PLOD1) is known as an enhancer of collagen fiber deposition and cross-linking stability. However, there is limited information on its function in tumors. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the function and potential mechanism of action of PLOD1 across cancers. Methods: We assessed the pan-cancer expression, mutation, methylation and prognostic value of PLOD1 through multiple online databases. In addition, we performed correlation analyses of its immunological features, as well as functional assessment analyses of PLOD1. Finally, we assessed the effect of PLOD1 knockdown on bladder tumor cells using in vitro experiments. Results: Our findings suggest that PLOD1 is aberrantly expressed in multiple cancer types, accompanied by a poor prognosis. Epigenetic alterations in PLOD1 are highly heterogeneous across a wide range of tumors, and aberrant methylation and copy number variants correlate with a poor prognosis. In the tumor microenvironment, PLOD1 expression correlated positively with the infiltration level of various immunosuppressive cells (e.g., monocytes, macrophages and tumor-associated fibroblasts) and negatively with immune-killing cells (e.g., CD8⁺ T cells, B cells and CD4⁺ T cells). In addition, PLOD1 expression was associated with immune checkpoints and immunomodulatory genes. Finally, in vitro experiments demonstrated that knockdown of PLOD1 reduced the proliferation, migration and antiapoptotic abilities of T24 cells. Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate that PLOD1 is a potential oncogene and prognostic biomarker in pan-cancer; tumor tissues with high PLOD1 expression reveal a relatively immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to evaluate the association between HER-2 expression and clinicopathological features in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).Methods: Between 2019 and 2022, 204 patients treated with Transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT) were included in this study. Data of pathologic T (pT) stage, grades of the tumor, age, sex, tumor size and number of the tumors were collected and compared according to the expression level of the human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER-2). ROC curve analysis was performed to assess the discriminative ability of HER-2 expression for tumors grades and pT stage. Multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the association between HER-2 expression and tumor grades and pT stage.Results: Patients were divided into low grade (110, 53.9%) and high grade groups (94, 46.1%) according to the tumor grade. Pathologic stage consisted of pTa in 166 (81.4%) and pT1 in 38 (18.6%). HER-2 expression was semi quantitatively scored to 0 in 44 (21.6%), 1 in 58 (28.4%), 2 in 91 (44.6%), and 3 in 11 (5.4%) cases. HER-2 expression was significantly associated with tumor stages and histological grades, but not with sex, tumor size or number of tumors. The AUC for combination of HER-2 expression with tumor stages and histological grades was 0.652 (p < 0.003) and 0.727 (p < 0.001), respectively.Conclusion: This study demonstrated that HER-2 expression is associated with tumor stages and histological grades in NMIBC. It has diagnostic value for cystoscopic biopsy.

Background: Radical nephrectomy (RN) and partial nephrectomy (PN) are common surgical treatments for T1 stage renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, the long-term impact of these surgical approaches on prognosis and renal function remains an area of ongoing investigation. This study compared the effects of these procedures on prognosis and renal function. Methods: The data of 1,030 T1 stage RCC patients treated at Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute between January 2014 and August 2022 were analyzed. The primary endpoints of the study were overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). The secondary endpoints included the annual mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and the average annual eGFR change rates. Results: Based on a median follow-up time of 57 months, the OS and CSS rates were 96.6% and 98.5% in the overall cohort, respectively. The multivariate analysis identified age [hazard ratio (HR), 2.664; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.147–6.192; P=0.02], tumor grade (HR, 2.247; 95% CI: 1.050–4.810; P=0.04), and surgical approach (HR, 2.585; 95% CI: 1.056–6.325; P=0.04) as adverse prognostic factors for OS, and age (HR, 4.603; 95% CI: 1.035–20.471; P=0.045) and tumor grade (HR, 4.972; 95% CI: 1.752–14.111; P=0.003) as adverse prognostic factors for CSS. Throughout the follow-up period, the eGFR of the RN patients showed a gradual increase, while that of the PN patients remained stable (P<0.001). Among the patients with preoperative diabetes, the eGFR of the RN patients decreased significantly compared to that of the PN patients (P=0.03). Conclusions: T1 stage RCC has a favorable prognosis with surgery, and PN is an oncologically safe option. A persistent eGFR difference was observed between the PN and RN groups, with RN showing a gradual upward trend. However, patients with pre-existing diabetes experienced a greater decline in renal function after RN, which highlights the advantages of PN for such patients.

Introduction: The comparative efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) in patients with lymph node metastatic penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the differences in efficacy and survival outcomes between NAC and AC in PSCC patients with lymph node metastasis. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of penile cancer patients treated at Peking University Cancer Hospital between May 2015 and December 2023. All patients had lymph node metastasis and underwent lymph node dissection. 11 patients received NAC, while 14 received AC. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and multivariate Cox regression models were used to analyze baseline characteristics, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and associated risk factors. Results: There was no statistical difference in the baseline characteristics of patients between the two groups. In the NAC group, 4 patients achieved partial response (PR), 1 achieved complete response (CR), 4 achieved progression disease (PD), and 2 had stable disease (SD). After a median follow-up of 65.1 months, the NAC group had a shorter PFS compared to the AC group ( P = 0.029), while no significant difference was observed in OS ( P = 0.268). Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified the presence of cM stage as an independent predictor of both PFS and OS. Conclusion: Penile cancer with lymph node metastasis typically carries a dismal prognosis. NAC substantially diminishes tumor size and facilitates surgical excision, whereas AC is more effective in controlling postoperative tumor progression. However, there was no significant difference in overall survival between the two treatment strategies.