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B. Sánchez-Ramírez
The Graduate School, Graduate Program in Chemistry, Chemistry School, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Mexico

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Journal article
Published: 10 April 2020 in BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies
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Background Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of mortality among malignant gynecological tumors. Surgical resection and chemotherapy with intravenous platinum/taxanes drugs are the treatments of choice, with little effectiveness in later stages and severe toxicological effects. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antineoplastic activity of gallic acid (GA) and myricetin (Myr) administrated peritumorally in Nu/Nu mice xenotransplanted with SKOV-3 cells. Methods Biological activity of GA and MYR was evaluated in SKOV-3 and OVCAR-3 cells (ovarian adenocarcinomas) by confocal/transmission electron microscopy, PI-flow cytometry, H2-DCF-DA stain, MTT, and Annexin V/PI assays. Molecular targets of compounds were determined with ACD/I-Labs and SEA. Antineoplastic activity was performed in SKOV-3 cells subcutaneously xenotransplanted into female Nu/Nu mice treated peritumorally with 50 mg/kg of each compound (2 alternate days/week) for 28 days. Controls used were paclitaxel (5 mg/kg) and 20 μL of vehicle (0.5% DMSO in 1X PBS). Tumor lesions, organs and sera were evaluated with NMR, USG, histopathological, and paraclinical studies. Results In vitro studies showed a decrease of cell viability with GA and Myr in SKOV-3 (50 and 166 μg/mL) and OVCAR-3 (43 and 94 μg/mL) cells respectively, as well as morphological changes, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis induction due to ROS generation (p ≤ 0.05, ANOVA). In silico studies suggest that GA and MYR could interact with carbonic anhydrase IX and PI3K, respectively. In vivo studies revealed inhibitory effects on tumor lesions development with GA and MYR up to 50% (p ≤ 0.05, ANOVA), with decreased vascularity, necrotic/fibrotic areas, neoplastic stroma retraction and apoptosis. However, toxicological effects were observed with GA treatment, such as leukocyte infiltrate and hepatic parenchyma loss, hypertransaminasemia (ALT: 150.7 ± 25.60 U/L), and hypoazotemia (urea: 33.4 ± 7.4 mg/dL), due to the development of chronic hepatitis (p ≤ 0.05, ANOVA). Conclusion GA and Myr (50 mg/kg) administered by peritumoral route, inhibit ovarian tumor lesions development in rodents with some toxicological effects. Additional studies will be necessary to find the appropriate therapeutic dose for GA. Therefore, GA and Myr could be considered as a starting point for the development of novel anticancer agents.

ACS Style

Luis Varela-Rodríguez; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez; Verónica Ivonne Hernández-Ramírez; Hugo Varela-Rodríguez; Rodrigo Daniel Castellanos-Mijangos; Carmen González-Horta; Bibiana Chávez-Munguía; Patricia Talamás-Rohana. Effect of Gallic acid and Myricetin on ovarian cancer models: a possible alternative antitumoral treatment. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2020, 20, 110 -16.

AMA Style

Luis Varela-Rodríguez, Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez, Verónica Ivonne Hernández-Ramírez, Hugo Varela-Rodríguez, Rodrigo Daniel Castellanos-Mijangos, Carmen González-Horta, Bibiana Chávez-Munguía, Patricia Talamás-Rohana. Effect of Gallic acid and Myricetin on ovarian cancer models: a possible alternative antitumoral treatment. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies. 2020; 20 (1):110-16.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luis Varela-Rodríguez; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez; Verónica Ivonne Hernández-Ramírez; Hugo Varela-Rodríguez; Rodrigo Daniel Castellanos-Mijangos; Carmen González-Horta; Bibiana Chávez-Munguía; Patricia Talamás-Rohana. 2020. "Effect of Gallic acid and Myricetin on ovarian cancer models: a possible alternative antitumoral treatment." BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 20, no. 1: 110-16.

Journal article
Published: 24 February 2020 in Nanomaterials
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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are nanomaterials with multiple possible uses as drug carriers or in nanovaccine development. However, the toxicity of CNTs administered intravenously in in vivo models has not been fully described to date. This work aimed to evaluate the toxic effect of pristine multi-walled CNTs (UP-CNTs), purified (P-CNTs), or CNTs functionalized with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC-CNTs) administered by intravenous injection in BALB/c mice. Biochemical and histopathological parameters were analyzed at 1, 14, 29, and 60 days post-exposure. Pristine CNTs were the most toxic nanoparticles in comparison with P-CNTs or FITC-CNTs, increasing serum AST (≈ 180%), ALT (≈ 300%), and LDH (≈ 200%) levels at one day post-exposure. The urea/creatinine ratio suggested pre-renal injury at the 14th day accompanied of extensive lesions in kidneys, lungs, and liver. Biochemical and histological findings in mice exposed to P-CNTs had not significant differences compared to the controls. A lower toxic effect was detected in animals exposed to FITC-CNTs which was attributable to FITC toxicity. These results demonstrate that the purification process of CNTs reduces in vivo toxicity, and that toxicity in functionalized CNTs is dependent on the functionalized compound. Therefore, P-CNTs are postulated as potential candidates for safe biomedical applications using an intravenous pathway.

ACS Style

José Jesús Guzmán-Mendoza; Silvia Lorena Montes-Fonseca; Ernesto Ramos-Martínez; Carmen González-Horta; Pilar Del Carmen Hernández-Rodríguez; Erasmo Orrantia-Borunda; David Chávez-Flores; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez. Safe Administration of Carbon Nanotubes by Intravenous Pathway in BALB/c Mice. Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 400 .

AMA Style

José Jesús Guzmán-Mendoza, Silvia Lorena Montes-Fonseca, Ernesto Ramos-Martínez, Carmen González-Horta, Pilar Del Carmen Hernández-Rodríguez, Erasmo Orrantia-Borunda, David Chávez-Flores, Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez. Safe Administration of Carbon Nanotubes by Intravenous Pathway in BALB/c Mice. Nanomaterials. 2020; 10 (2):400.

Chicago/Turabian Style

José Jesús Guzmán-Mendoza; Silvia Lorena Montes-Fonseca; Ernesto Ramos-Martínez; Carmen González-Horta; Pilar Del Carmen Hernández-Rodríguez; Erasmo Orrantia-Borunda; David Chávez-Flores; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez. 2020. "Safe Administration of Carbon Nanotubes by Intravenous Pathway in BALB/c Mice." Nanomaterials 10, no. 2: 400.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2020 in CyTA - Journal of Food
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ACS Style

Dely Rubí Chávez-Garay; Néstor Gutiérrez-Méndez; Blanca Estela Sanchez-Ramirez; Iván Salmeron; León Raúl Hernández Ochoa; David Chávez-Flores; Sergio Martínez-Monteagudo. Modification of lecithin-based emulsions with phospholipases. CyTA - Journal of Food 2020, 18, 688 -697.

AMA Style

Dely Rubí Chávez-Garay, Néstor Gutiérrez-Méndez, Blanca Estela Sanchez-Ramirez, Iván Salmeron, León Raúl Hernández Ochoa, David Chávez-Flores, Sergio Martínez-Monteagudo. Modification of lecithin-based emulsions with phospholipases. CyTA - Journal of Food. 2020; 18 (1):688-697.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dely Rubí Chávez-Garay; Néstor Gutiérrez-Méndez; Blanca Estela Sanchez-Ramirez; Iván Salmeron; León Raúl Hernández Ochoa; David Chávez-Flores; Sergio Martínez-Monteagudo. 2020. "Modification of lecithin-based emulsions with phospholipases." CyTA - Journal of Food 18, no. 1: 688-697.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2019 in BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine
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Rhus trilobata Nutt. (Anacardiaceae) (RHTR) is a plant of Mexico that is traditionally used as an alternative treatment for several types of cancer. However, the phytochemical composition and potential toxicity of this plant have not been evaluated to support its therapeutic use. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the biological activity of RHTR against colorectal adenocarcinoma cells, determine its possible acute toxicity, and analyze its phytochemical composition. The traditional preparation was performed by decoction of stems in distilled water (aqueous extract, AE), and flavonoids were concentrated with C18-cartridges and ethyl acetate (flavonoid fraction, FF). The biological activity was evaluated by MTT viability curves and the TUNEL assay in colorectal adenocarcinoma (CACO-2), ovarian epithelium (CHO-K1) and lung/bronchus epithelium (BEAS-2B) cells. The toxicological effect was determined in female BALB/c mice after 24 h and 14 days of intraperitoneal administration of 200 mg/kg AE and FF, respectively. Later, the animals were sacrificed for histopathological observation of organs and sera obtained by retro-orbital bleeding for biochemical marker analysis. Finally, the phytochemical characterization of AE and FF was conducted by UPLC-MSE. In the MTT assays, AE and FF at 5 and 18 μg/mL decreased the viability of CACO-2 cells compared with cells treated with vehicle or normal cells (p ≤ 0.05, ANOVA), with changes in cell morphology and the induction of apoptosis. Anatomical and histological analysis of organs did not reveal important pathological lesions at the time of assessment. Additionally, biochemical markers remained normal and showed no differences from those of the control group after 24 h and 14 days of treatment (p ≤ 0.05, ANOVA). Finally, UPLC-MSE analysis revealed 173 compounds in AE-RHTR, primarily flavonoids, fatty acids and phenolic acids. The most abundant compounds in AE and FF were quercetin and myricetin derivates (glycosides), methyl gallate, epigallocatechin-3-cinnamate, β-PGG, fisetin and margaric acid, which might be related to the anticancer properties of RHTR. RHTR exhibits biological activity against cancer cells and does not present adverse toxicological effects during its in vivo administration, supporting its traditional use.

ACS Style

Luis Varela-Rodríguez; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez; Ivette Stephanie Rodríguez-Reyna; José Juan Ordaz-Ortiz; David Chávez-Flores; Erika Salas-Muñoz; Juan Carlos Osorio-Trujillo; Ernesto Ramos-Martínez; Patricia Talamás-Rohana. Biological and toxicological evaluation of Rhus trilobata Nutt. (Anacardiaceae) used traditionally in mexico against cancer. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019, 19, 1 -18.

AMA Style

Luis Varela-Rodríguez, Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez, Ivette Stephanie Rodríguez-Reyna, José Juan Ordaz-Ortiz, David Chávez-Flores, Erika Salas-Muñoz, Juan Carlos Osorio-Trujillo, Ernesto Ramos-Martínez, Patricia Talamás-Rohana. Biological and toxicological evaluation of Rhus trilobata Nutt. (Anacardiaceae) used traditionally in mexico against cancer. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2019; 19 (1):1-18.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luis Varela-Rodríguez; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez; Ivette Stephanie Rodríguez-Reyna; José Juan Ordaz-Ortiz; David Chávez-Flores; Erika Salas-Muñoz; Juan Carlos Osorio-Trujillo; Ernesto Ramos-Martínez; Patricia Talamás-Rohana. 2019. "Biological and toxicological evaluation of Rhus trilobata Nutt. (Anacardiaceae) used traditionally in mexico against cancer." BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 19, no. 1: 1-18.

Research article
Published: 13 June 2019 in BioMed Research International
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Background. Obesity and pregnancy increase levels of maternal oxidative stress (OS). However, little is known about the maternal, placental, and neonatal OS status. Objective. To analyze the relation between prepregnancy obesity and the expression of OS markers and antioxidant capacity in the fetomaternal unit and their association with dietary intake. Methods. This cross-sectional study included 33 women with singleton, noncomplicated pregnancies. Two groups were formed: women with prepregnancy body mass index (pBMI) within normal range (18.5-24.9 kg/m2, n = 18) and women with pBMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, suggestive of obesity (n = 15). Dietary and clinical information was obtained by questionnaire and from clinical records. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration were measured on maternal and cord serum by colorimetric techniques, and placental expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) was measured by immunohistochemistry. Results. Placental GPx4 expression was lower in the group with pBMI suggestive of obesity than in the normal weight group (ß = -0.08, p = 0.03, adjusted for gestational age and magnesium intake). Concentrations of TAC and MDA in maternal and cord blood were not statistically different between groups (p>0.05). Cord MDA concentration was related to maternal MDA concentration (ß = 0.40, p < 0.01), vitamin A intake (tertile 2: ß = -0.04, p = 0.40, tertile 3: ß = 0.13, p = 0.03, vs tertile 1), and placental GPx4 expression (ß = -0.09, p = 0.02). Conclusion. Prepregnancy obesity is associated with a decrease in GPx4 expression in the placenta, which is related to OS in the newborn. The influence of micronutrient intake on OS biomarkers highlights the importance of nutritional assessment during pregnancy and adequate prenatal care.

ACS Style

Ana Karen Ballesteros-Guzmán; Claudia E. Carrasco-Legleu; Margarita Levario-Carrillo; Dora Virginia Chávez-Corral; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez; Edgar Omar Mariñelarena-Carrillo; Fabiola Guerrero-Salgado; Sandra Alicia Reza-López. Prepregnancy Obesity, Maternal Dietary Intake, and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in the Fetomaternal Unit. BioMed Research International 2019, 2019, 1 -8.

AMA Style

Ana Karen Ballesteros-Guzmán, Claudia E. Carrasco-Legleu, Margarita Levario-Carrillo, Dora Virginia Chávez-Corral, Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez, Edgar Omar Mariñelarena-Carrillo, Fabiola Guerrero-Salgado, Sandra Alicia Reza-López. Prepregnancy Obesity, Maternal Dietary Intake, and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in the Fetomaternal Unit. BioMed Research International. 2019; 2019 ():1-8.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ana Karen Ballesteros-Guzmán; Claudia E. Carrasco-Legleu; Margarita Levario-Carrillo; Dora Virginia Chávez-Corral; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez; Edgar Omar Mariñelarena-Carrillo; Fabiola Guerrero-Salgado; Sandra Alicia Reza-López. 2019. "Prepregnancy Obesity, Maternal Dietary Intake, and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in the Fetomaternal Unit." BioMed Research International 2019, no. : 1-8.

Journal article
Published: 13 December 2018 in Environment International
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Exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) via drinking water is a serious global health threat. Various factors influence susceptibility to iAs-associated health outcomes, including differences in iAs metabolism. Previous studies have shown that obesity is associated with iAs metabolism. It has been hypothesized that this association can be explained by confounding from nutritional factors involved in one-carbon metabolism, such as folate or other B vitamins, whose intake may differ across BMI categories and is known be associated with iAs metabolism. However, no studies have explored whether this association is confounded by nutritional factors. We investigated the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the distribution of urinary arsenic species in a cross-sectional cohort of 1166 adults living in Chihuahua, Mexico from 2008 to 2013. Nutrient intake related to one-carbon metabolism, including folate, vitamin B2, and vitamin B12, was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire developed for Mexican populations. Multivariable linear regression was used to estimate the association between BMI and the distribution of urinary arsenic metabolites. Effect modification by drinking water iAs level and sex was also examined. After adjusting for potential confounders, including age, educational attainment, smoking, alcohol consumption, seafood consumption, water iAs, and sex, BMI was negatively associated with the proportion of urinary inorganic arsenic (%U-iAs) and urinary monomethylated arsenic (%U-MMAs) and positively associated with urinary dimethylated arsenic (%U-DMAs). This relationship was not influenced by additional adjustment for folate, vitamin B2, or vitamin B12 intake. Additionally, there was significant effect modification by both drinking water iAs level and sex. This study provides further evidence for an association between BMI and arsenic metabolism. However, contrary to previous hypotheses, these results suggest that this association is not confounded by the intake of micronutrients involved in one-carbon metabolism.

ACS Style

Paige A. Bommarito; Xiaofan Xu; Carmen González-Horta; Blanca Sánchez-Ramirez; Lourdes Ballinas-Casarrubias; René Santos Luna; Susana Román Pérez; Juan Eugenio Hernández Ávila; Gonzalo G. García-Vargas; Luz M. Del Razo; Mirek Stýblo; Michelle A. Mendez; Rebecca C. Fry. One-carbon metabolism nutrient intake and the association between body mass index and urinary arsenic metabolites in adults in the Chihuahua cohort. Environment International 2018, 123, 292 -300.

AMA Style

Paige A. Bommarito, Xiaofan Xu, Carmen González-Horta, Blanca Sánchez-Ramirez, Lourdes Ballinas-Casarrubias, René Santos Luna, Susana Román Pérez, Juan Eugenio Hernández Ávila, Gonzalo G. García-Vargas, Luz M. Del Razo, Mirek Stýblo, Michelle A. Mendez, Rebecca C. Fry. One-carbon metabolism nutrient intake and the association between body mass index and urinary arsenic metabolites in adults in the Chihuahua cohort. Environment International. 2018; 123 ():292-300.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paige A. Bommarito; Xiaofan Xu; Carmen González-Horta; Blanca Sánchez-Ramirez; Lourdes Ballinas-Casarrubias; René Santos Luna; Susana Román Pérez; Juan Eugenio Hernández Ávila; Gonzalo G. García-Vargas; Luz M. Del Razo; Mirek Stýblo; Michelle A. Mendez; Rebecca C. Fry. 2018. "One-carbon metabolism nutrient intake and the association between body mass index and urinary arsenic metabolites in adults in the Chihuahua cohort." Environment International 123, no. : 292-300.

Brief report
Published: 31 July 2018 in Birth Defects Research
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Background Folate plays a fundamental role for fetal development, participating in cell division, embryogenesis, and fetal growth. The fetus depends on maternal supply of folate across the placenta. The objective of this study was to compare the expression of Folate Receptor‐α (FR‐α), Reduced Folate Carrier (RFC), and Proton Coupled Folate Transporter (PCFT) in placentas from pregnancies complicated with birth defects (BD) and controls. Methods Case‐control study, including placentas of BD‐complicated pregnancies (n = 25) and a control group (n = 25). We determined the placental expression of FR‐α, RFC, and PCFT by immunohistochemistry. Optical density was measured to obtain a relative quantification of the expression. Results The expression of PCFT was greater in placentas from pregnancies complicated with BD than in those from the control group (p < .01). The expression of FR‐α and RFC was not different between groups. Conclusion The expression of PCFT in placentas from BD‐complicated pregnancies is increased, possibly as an adaptive response to increase the folate flux at the maternal‐fetal interface.

ACS Style

Sandra A. Reza-López; Edwin O. Aguirre-Chacón; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez; Fabiola Guerrero-Salgado; Dora V. Chávez-Corral; Margarita Levario-Carrillo. Folate transporter expression in placenta from pregnancies complicated with birth defects. Birth Defects Research 2018, 110, 1223 -1227.

AMA Style

Sandra A. Reza-López, Edwin O. Aguirre-Chacón, Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez, Fabiola Guerrero-Salgado, Dora V. Chávez-Corral, Margarita Levario-Carrillo. Folate transporter expression in placenta from pregnancies complicated with birth defects. Birth Defects Research. 2018; 110 (16):1223-1227.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sandra A. Reza-López; Edwin O. Aguirre-Chacón; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez; Fabiola Guerrero-Salgado; Dora V. Chávez-Corral; Margarita Levario-Carrillo. 2018. "Folate transporter expression in placenta from pregnancies complicated with birth defects." Birth Defects Research 110, no. 16: 1223-1227.

Journal article
Published: 05 May 2017 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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In areas lacking potable water treatment, drinking contaminated water may represent a public health threat. In addition to enteropathogenic bacteria and parasites, fecal contamination in water environments is associated with the transmission of enteric viruses and other causal agents of infectious disease. Rotavirus and norovirus are the main enteric viral agents responsible for diarrheic outbreaks. The aim of the present study was to detect seasonal variation of rotavirus and norovirus in the surface water at Bassaseachic Falls National Park during 2013. Rivers and streams within and nearby this park were sampled once in each season during 2013. Viral concentration was carried out by a handmade filtration equipment, using a commercial electropositive membrane coupled with the virus absortion elution technique (VIRADEL©). Detection of rotavirus and norovirus was performed by SYBR Green reverse transcription-real time polymerase chain reaction (SYBR GREEN© RT-qPCR) analyses. Norovirus genogroup II was detected in samples collected in June and October 2013. In the case of rotavirus, genogroup A was detected in March and June. The presence of rotavirus and norovirus was related to viral acute diarrhea in children less than five years of age, who were inhabiting the sampled areas. This may indicates that the contaminated water was potentially a risk factor for regional diarrheic outbreaks.

ACS Style

Ma. Carmen E. Delgado-Gardea; Patricia Tamez-Guerra; Ricardo Gomez-Flores; Aurora Mendieta-Mendoza; Francisco Javier Zavala-Díaz de la Serna; Juan Francisco Contreras-Cordero; Gilberto Erosa-De La Vega; María Concepción Pérez-Recoder; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez; Carmen González-Horta; Rocío Infante-Ramírez. Prevalence of Rotavirus Genogroup A and Norovirus Genogroup II in Bassaseachic Falls National Park Surface Waters in Chihuahua, Mexico. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2017, 14, 482 .

AMA Style

Ma. Carmen E. Delgado-Gardea, Patricia Tamez-Guerra, Ricardo Gomez-Flores, Aurora Mendieta-Mendoza, Francisco Javier Zavala-Díaz de la Serna, Juan Francisco Contreras-Cordero, Gilberto Erosa-De La Vega, María Concepción Pérez-Recoder, Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez, Carmen González-Horta, Rocío Infante-Ramírez. Prevalence of Rotavirus Genogroup A and Norovirus Genogroup II in Bassaseachic Falls National Park Surface Waters in Chihuahua, Mexico. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2017; 14 (5):482.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ma. Carmen E. Delgado-Gardea; Patricia Tamez-Guerra; Ricardo Gomez-Flores; Aurora Mendieta-Mendoza; Francisco Javier Zavala-Díaz de la Serna; Juan Francisco Contreras-Cordero; Gilberto Erosa-De La Vega; María Concepción Pérez-Recoder; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez; Carmen González-Horta; Rocío Infante-Ramírez. 2017. "Prevalence of Rotavirus Genogroup A and Norovirus Genogroup II in Bassaseachic Falls National Park Surface Waters in Chihuahua, Mexico." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 14, no. 5: 482.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2017 in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters
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Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have captured the interest of the scientific community as a potential antimicrobial agent. However, the mechanisms by which AgNPs cause cellular damage remain unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effects of AgNPs on representative pathogenic microorganisms, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and Coniophora eremophila. The results showed that AgNPs have inhibitory effect against P. aeruginosa, S. aureus (1 and 2 μg/mL respectively), and °C. albicans (140 μg/mL), in solid media. AgNPs against C. eremophila showed a lethal dose 50 (LD50) of 30 μg/mL. However, in liquid media, higher concentrations were necessary for growth inhibition in all cases. It was also observed that bacteria-secreted exopolysaccharide biofilms decreasing the toxicity of the AgNPs. Structural damage in AgNP-exposed C. albicans and P. aeruginosa was demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy. In addition, the AgNPs had an inhibitory effect on lipase and Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) activity. The results presented in this study suggest that enzyme inhibition and cell wall structural damage explain the observed growth inhibition of the tested microorganisms. Our results suggest that AgNPs may be useful for the production of antibacterial materials and the prevention of wood decay.

ACS Style

Arzate-Quintana Carlos; Montes-Fonseca Silvia Lorena; Duarte-Moller Alberto; Luna-Velasco Antonia; Orrantia-Borunda Erasmo; Carlos Arzate-Quintana; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez; Rocío Infante-Ramírez; Amelia Piñón-Castillo Hilda; Lorena Montes-Fonseca Silvia; Antonia Luna-Velasco; Javier Solís-Martínez Francisco; Erasmo Orrantia-Borunda; Alberto Duarte-Moller. Toxicity Effects in Pathogen Microorganisms Exposed to Silver Nanoparticles. Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters 2017, 9, 165 -173.

AMA Style

Arzate-Quintana Carlos, Montes-Fonseca Silvia Lorena, Duarte-Moller Alberto, Luna-Velasco Antonia, Orrantia-Borunda Erasmo, Carlos Arzate-Quintana, Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez, Rocío Infante-Ramírez, Amelia Piñón-Castillo Hilda, Lorena Montes-Fonseca Silvia, Antonia Luna-Velasco, Javier Solís-Martínez Francisco, Erasmo Orrantia-Borunda, Alberto Duarte-Moller. Toxicity Effects in Pathogen Microorganisms Exposed to Silver Nanoparticles. Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters. 2017; 9 (2):165-173.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Arzate-Quintana Carlos; Montes-Fonseca Silvia Lorena; Duarte-Moller Alberto; Luna-Velasco Antonia; Orrantia-Borunda Erasmo; Carlos Arzate-Quintana; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez; Rocío Infante-Ramírez; Amelia Piñón-Castillo Hilda; Lorena Montes-Fonseca Silvia; Antonia Luna-Velasco; Javier Solís-Martínez Francisco; Erasmo Orrantia-Borunda; Alberto Duarte-Moller. 2017. "Toxicity Effects in Pathogen Microorganisms Exposed to Silver Nanoparticles." Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters 9, no. 2: 165-173.

Journal article
Published: 16 June 2016 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Bacterial pathogens are a leading cause of waterborne disease, and may result in gastrointestinal outbreaks worldwide. Inhabitants of the Bassaseachic Falls National Park in Chihuahua, Mexico show seasonal gastroenteritis problems. This aim of this study was to detect enteropathogenic microorganisms responsible for diarrheal outbreaks in this area. In 2013, 49 surface water samples from 13 selected sampling sites along the Basaseachi waterfall and its main rivers, were collected during the spring, summer, autumn, and winter seasons. Fecal and total coliform counts were determined using standard methods; the AutoScan-4 system was used for identification of isolates and the antibiotic resistance profile by challenging each organism using 21 antibiotics. Significant differences among seasons were detected, where autumn samples resulted in the highest total (p < 0.05) and fecal (p < 0.001) coliform counts, whereas the lowest total coliform counts were recorded in spring. Significant differences between sampling sites were observed, where samples from sites 6, 8, and 11 had the highest total coliform counts (p < 0.009), whereas samples from site 9 exhibited the lowest one. From the microbiological analysis, 33 bacterial isolates from 13 different sites and four sampling seasons were selected; 53% of isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic, and 15% exhibited a multidrug resistance (MDB) phenotype. MDB were identified as Klebsiella oxytoca (two out of four identified isolates), Escherichia coli (2/7), and Enterobacter cloacae (1/3). In addition, some water-borne microorganisms exhibited resistance to cefazoline, cefuroxime, ampicillin, and ampicillin-sulbactam. The presence of these microorganisms near rural settlements suggests that wastewater is the contamination source, providing one possible transmission mechanism for diarrheal outbreaks.

ACS Style

Ma. Carmen E. Delgado-Gardea; Patricia Tamez-Guerra; Ricardo Gomez-Flores; Francisco Javier Zavala-Díaz De La Serna; Gilberto Eroza-De La Vega; Guadalupe Virginia Nevárez-Moorillón; María Concepción Pérez-Recoder; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez; Carmen Gonzalez-Horta; Rocío Infante-Ramírez. Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Surface Water in Bassaseachic Falls National Park, Mexico. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2016, 13, 597 .

AMA Style

Ma. Carmen E. Delgado-Gardea, Patricia Tamez-Guerra, Ricardo Gomez-Flores, Francisco Javier Zavala-Díaz De La Serna, Gilberto Eroza-De La Vega, Guadalupe Virginia Nevárez-Moorillón, María Concepción Pérez-Recoder, Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez, Carmen Gonzalez-Horta, Rocío Infante-Ramírez. Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Surface Water in Bassaseachic Falls National Park, Mexico. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2016; 13 (6):597.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ma. Carmen E. Delgado-Gardea; Patricia Tamez-Guerra; Ricardo Gomez-Flores; Francisco Javier Zavala-Díaz De La Serna; Gilberto Eroza-De La Vega; Guadalupe Virginia Nevárez-Moorillón; María Concepción Pérez-Recoder; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez; Carmen Gonzalez-Horta; Rocío Infante-Ramírez. 2016. "Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Surface Water in Bassaseachic Falls National Park, Mexico." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 13, no. 6: 597.

Journal article
Published: 24 April 2015 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Inorganic arsenic (iAs) and fluoride (F−) are naturally occurring drinking water contaminants. However, co-exposure to these contaminants and its effects on human health are understudied. The goal of this study was examined exposures to iAs and F− in Chihuahua, Mexico, where exposure to iAs in drinking water has been associated with adverse health effects. All 1119 eligible Chihuahua residents (>18 years) provided a sample of drinking water and spot urine samples. iAs and F− concentrations in water samples ranged from 0.1 to 419.8 µg As/L and from 0.05 to 11.8 mg F−/L. Urinary arsenic (U-tAs) and urinary F− (U-F−) levels ranged from 0.5 to 467.9 ng As/mL and from 0.1 to 14.4 µg F−/mL. A strong positive correlation was found between iAs and F− concentrations in drinking water (rs = 0.741). Similarly, U-tAs levels correlated positively with U-F− concentrations (rs = 0.633). These results show that Chihuahua residents exposed to high iAs concentrations in drinking water are also exposed to high levels of F−, raising questions about possible contribution of F− exposure to the adverse effects that have so far been attributed only to iAs exposure. Thus, investigation of possible interactions between iAs and F− exposures and its related health risks deserves immediate attention.

ACS Style

Carmen Gonzalez-Horta; Lourdes Ballinas; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez; María C. Ishida; Angel Barrera-Hernández; Daniela Gutiérrez-Torres; Olga L. Zacarias; R. Jesse Saunders; Zuzana Drobná; Michelle A. Mendez; Gonzalo García-Vargas; Dana Loomis; Miroslav Stýblo; Luz M. Del Razo. A Concurrent Exposure to Arsenic and Fluoride from Drinking Water in Chihuahua, Mexico. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2015, 12, 4587 -4601.

AMA Style

Carmen Gonzalez-Horta, Lourdes Ballinas, Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez, María C. Ishida, Angel Barrera-Hernández, Daniela Gutiérrez-Torres, Olga L. Zacarias, R. Jesse Saunders, Zuzana Drobná, Michelle A. Mendez, Gonzalo García-Vargas, Dana Loomis, Miroslav Stýblo, Luz M. Del Razo. A Concurrent Exposure to Arsenic and Fluoride from Drinking Water in Chihuahua, Mexico. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2015; 12 (5):4587-4601.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carmen Gonzalez-Horta; Lourdes Ballinas; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez; María C. Ishida; Angel Barrera-Hernández; Daniela Gutiérrez-Torres; Olga L. Zacarias; R. Jesse Saunders; Zuzana Drobná; Michelle A. Mendez; Gonzalo García-Vargas; Dana Loomis; Miroslav Stýblo; Luz M. Del Razo. 2015. "A Concurrent Exposure to Arsenic and Fluoride from Drinking Water in Chihuahua, Mexico." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 12, no. 5: 4587-4601.

Journal article
Published: 09 January 2015 in Toxicological Sciences
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Chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) has been linked to an increased risk of diabetes, yet the specific disease phenotype and underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. In the present study we set out to identify iAs exposure-associated metabolites with altered abundance in nondiabetic and diabetic individuals in an effort to understand the relationship between exposure, metabolomic response, and disease status. A nested study design was used to profile metabolomic shifts in urine and plasma collected from 90 diabetic and 86 nondiabetic individuals matched for varying iAs concentrations in drinking water, body mass index, age, and sex. Diabetes diagnosis was based on measures of fasting plasma glucose and 2-h blood glucose. Multivariable models were used to identify metabolites with altered abundance associated with iAs exposure among diabetic and nondiabetic individuals. A total of 132 metabolites were identified to shift in urine or plasma in response to iAs exposure characterized by the sum of iAs metabolites in urine (U-tAs). Although many metabolites were altered in both diabetic and nondiabetic 35 subjects, diabetic individuals displayed a unique response to iAs exposure with 59 altered metabolites including those that play a role in tricarboxylic acid cycle and amino acid metabolism. Taken together, these data highlight the broad impact of iAs exposure on the human metabolome, and demonstrate some specificity of the metabolomic response between diabetic and nondiabetic individuals. These data may provide novel insights into the mechanisms and phenotype of diabetes associated with iAs exposure.

ACS Style

Elizabeth Martin; Carmen Gonzalez-Horta; Julia Rager; Kathryn A. Bailey; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez; Lourdes Ballinas; María C. Ishida; Daniela S. Gutiérrez-Torres; Roberto Hernández Cerón; Damián Viniegra Morales; Francisco A. Baeza Terrazas; R. Jesse Saunders; Zuzana Drobná; Michelle A. Mendez; John Buse; Dana Loomis; Wei Jia; Gonzalo G. García-Vargas; Luz Maria Del Razo; Miroslav Stýblo; Rebecca Fry. Metabolomic Characteristics of Arsenic-Associated Diabetes in a Prospective Cohort in Chihuahua, Mexico. Toxicological Sciences 2015, 144, 338 -346.

AMA Style

Elizabeth Martin, Carmen Gonzalez-Horta, Julia Rager, Kathryn A. Bailey, Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez, Lourdes Ballinas, María C. Ishida, Daniela S. Gutiérrez-Torres, Roberto Hernández Cerón, Damián Viniegra Morales, Francisco A. Baeza Terrazas, R. Jesse Saunders, Zuzana Drobná, Michelle A. Mendez, John Buse, Dana Loomis, Wei Jia, Gonzalo G. García-Vargas, Luz Maria Del Razo, Miroslav Stýblo, Rebecca Fry. Metabolomic Characteristics of Arsenic-Associated Diabetes in a Prospective Cohort in Chihuahua, Mexico. Toxicological Sciences. 2015; 144 (2):338-346.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elizabeth Martin; Carmen Gonzalez-Horta; Julia Rager; Kathryn A. Bailey; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez; Lourdes Ballinas; María C. Ishida; Daniela S. Gutiérrez-Torres; Roberto Hernández Cerón; Damián Viniegra Morales; Francisco A. Baeza Terrazas; R. Jesse Saunders; Zuzana Drobná; Michelle A. Mendez; John Buse; Dana Loomis; Wei Jia; Gonzalo G. García-Vargas; Luz Maria Del Razo; Miroslav Stýblo; Rebecca Fry. 2015. "Metabolomic Characteristics of Arsenic-Associated Diabetes in a Prospective Cohort in Chihuahua, Mexico." Toxicological Sciences 144, no. 2: 338-346.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2014 in Environmental Health Perspectives
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Background: A growing number of studies link chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) with the risk of diabetes. Many of these studies assessed iAs exposure by measuring arsenic (As) species in urine. However, this approach has been criticized because of uncertainties associated with renal function and urine dilution in diabetic individuals.

ACS Style

Jenna M. Currier; María C. Ishida; Carmen Gonzalez-Horta; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez; Lourdes Ballinas; Daniela S. Gutiérrez-Torres; Roberto Hernández Cerón; Damián Viniegra Morales; Francisco A. Baeza Terrazas; Luz M. Del Razo; Gonzalo G. García-Vargas; R. Jesse Saunders; Zuzana Drobná; Rebecca C. Fry; Tomáš Matoušek; John B. Buse; Michelle A. Mendez; Dana Loomis; Miroslav Stýblo. Associations between Arsenic Species in Exfoliated Urothelial Cells and Prevalence of Diabetes among Residents of Chihuahua, Mexico. Environmental Health Perspectives 2014, 122, 1088 -1094.

AMA Style

Jenna M. Currier, María C. Ishida, Carmen Gonzalez-Horta, Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez, Lourdes Ballinas, Daniela S. Gutiérrez-Torres, Roberto Hernández Cerón, Damián Viniegra Morales, Francisco A. Baeza Terrazas, Luz M. Del Razo, Gonzalo G. García-Vargas, R. Jesse Saunders, Zuzana Drobná, Rebecca C. Fry, Tomáš Matoušek, John B. Buse, Michelle A. Mendez, Dana Loomis, Miroslav Stýblo. Associations between Arsenic Species in Exfoliated Urothelial Cells and Prevalence of Diabetes among Residents of Chihuahua, Mexico. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2014; 122 (10):1088-1094.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jenna M. Currier; María C. Ishida; Carmen Gonzalez-Horta; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez; Lourdes Ballinas; Daniela S. Gutiérrez-Torres; Roberto Hernández Cerón; Damián Viniegra Morales; Francisco A. Baeza Terrazas; Luz M. Del Razo; Gonzalo G. García-Vargas; R. Jesse Saunders; Zuzana Drobná; Rebecca C. Fry; Tomáš Matoušek; John B. Buse; Michelle A. Mendez; Dana Loomis; Miroslav Stýblo. 2014. "Associations between Arsenic Species in Exfoliated Urothelial Cells and Prevalence of Diabetes among Residents of Chihuahua, Mexico." Environmental Health Perspectives 122, no. 10: 1088-1094.

Comparative study
Published: 04 December 2013 in Hypertension in Pregnancy
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Objectives: To compare maturity of placentas from women with hypertensive disorders with those from normotensive pregnancies and to determine the relationship between placental maturity (PM) and the diagnosis of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) in the newborns. Materials and methods: We examined placental stained specimens from women with normotensive pregnancies (n = 100), diagnosis of gestational hypertension (n = 38), mild (n = 10), or severe preeclampsia (n = 34) in an optical microscope. Placental Maturity Index (PMI) was calculated as the number of vasculo-syncytial membranes (VSM) in 1 mm2 divided by VSM thickness (µm). Hypermaturity was defined as >90th percentile of the PMI from placentas of normotensive pregnancies. Newborns were classified as SGA, adequate-for-gestational-age (AGA) or large-for-gestational-age (90th percentile from weight for gestational age reference tables, respectively). Results: PMI in preeclamptic women (taking together mild and severe preeclampsia, PMI = 43.4 ± 1.6) was significantly higher than in normotensive women (PMI = 36 ± 2, p = 0.045). Hypermaturity was more frequent (p < 0.05) in placentas from women with preeclampsia than in those from normotensive women only in preterm pregnancies (<37 weeks), but not in those at term (p = 0.41). The frequency of hypermaturity in placentas from women with gestational hypertension was not statistically different than in normotensive women. Hypermaturity was also more frequent in placentas from SGA (OR = 2.63, p < 0.05) than in AGA newborns. Conclusion: The PMI was increased in preeclampsia, but not in gestational hypertension. Placental hypermaturity was also associated with the diagnosis of SGA in newborns. PM might have a role in the relationship between maternal factors and SGA.

ACS Style

Gabriela Ruiz-Quiñonez; Sandra A. Reza-López; Dora Virginia Chávez-Corral; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez; Irene Leal-Berumen; Margarita Levario-Carrillo. Placental maturity, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and birth weight. Hypertension in Pregnancy 2013, 33, 132 -144.

AMA Style

Gabriela Ruiz-Quiñonez, Sandra A. Reza-López, Dora Virginia Chávez-Corral, Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez, Irene Leal-Berumen, Margarita Levario-Carrillo. Placental maturity, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and birth weight. Hypertension in Pregnancy. 2013; 33 (2):132-144.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gabriela Ruiz-Quiñonez; Sandra A. Reza-López; Dora Virginia Chávez-Corral; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez; Irene Leal-Berumen; Margarita Levario-Carrillo. 2013. "Placental maturity, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and birth weight." Hypertension in Pregnancy 33, no. 2: 132-144.

Research article
Published: 01 September 2013 in BioMed Research International
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Cytoskeleton remodeling can be regulated, among other mechanisms, by lysine acetylation. The role of acetylation on cytoskeletal and other proteins ofEntamoeba histolyticahas been poorly studied. Dynamic rearrangements of the actin cytoskeleton are crucial for amebic motility and capping formation, processes that may be effective means of evading the host immune response. Here we report the possible effect of acetylation on the actin cytoskeleton dynamics andin vivovirulence ofE. histolytica. Using western blot, immunoprecipitation, microscopy assays, andin silicoanalysis, we show results that strongly suggest that the increase in Aspirin-induced cytoplasm proteins acetylation reduced cell movement and capping formation, likely as a consequence of alterations in the structuration of the actin cytoskeleton. Additionally, intrahepatic inoculation of Aspirin-treated trophozoites in hamsters resulted in severe impairment of the amebic virulence. Taken together, these results suggest an important role for lysine acetylation in amebic invasiveness and virulence.

ACS Style

Luilli López-Contreras; V. I. Hernández-Ramírez; A. E. Lagunes-Guillén; Sarita Montaño; B. Chávez-Munguía; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez; P. Talamás-Rohana. Exploring the Possible Role of Lysine Acetylation onEntamoeba histolyticaVirulence: A Focus on the Dynamics of the Actin Cytoskeleton. BioMed Research International 2013, 2013, 1 -9.

AMA Style

Luilli López-Contreras, V. I. Hernández-Ramírez, A. E. Lagunes-Guillén, Sarita Montaño, B. Chávez-Munguía, Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez, P. Talamás-Rohana. Exploring the Possible Role of Lysine Acetylation onEntamoeba histolyticaVirulence: A Focus on the Dynamics of the Actin Cytoskeleton. BioMed Research International. 2013; 2013 ():1-9.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luilli López-Contreras; V. I. Hernández-Ramírez; A. E. Lagunes-Guillén; Sarita Montaño; B. Chávez-Munguía; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez; P. Talamás-Rohana. 2013. "Exploring the Possible Role of Lysine Acetylation onEntamoeba histolyticaVirulence: A Focus on the Dynamics of the Actin Cytoskeleton." BioMed Research International 2013, no. : 1-9.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2012 in New Biotechnology
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Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez; Ana Rosa Hernández-Garibay; Carmen González-Horta; Rocío Infante-Ramírez; Gilberto Erosa De La Vega; Erasmo Orrantia-Borunda; Patricia Talamás-Rohana. Administration of soybean 15-lipoxigenase crude extract decreases amoebic liver abscess formation in hamsters. New Biotechnology 2012, 29, S170 .

AMA Style

Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez, Ana Rosa Hernández-Garibay, Carmen González-Horta, Rocío Infante-Ramírez, Gilberto Erosa De La Vega, Erasmo Orrantia-Borunda, Patricia Talamás-Rohana. Administration of soybean 15-lipoxigenase crude extract decreases amoebic liver abscess formation in hamsters. New Biotechnology. 2012; 29 ():S170.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez; Ana Rosa Hernández-Garibay; Carmen González-Horta; Rocío Infante-Ramírez; Gilberto Erosa De La Vega; Erasmo Orrantia-Borunda; Patricia Talamás-Rohana. 2012. "Administration of soybean 15-lipoxigenase crude extract decreases amoebic liver abscess formation in hamsters." New Biotechnology 29, no. : S170.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2012 in New Biotechnology
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ACS Style

Silvia Lorena Montes-Fonseca; Erasmo Orrantia-Borunda; Alfredo Aguilar-Elguezabal; Luna-Velasco Antonia; Carmen González Horta; Patricia Talamás-Rohana; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez. Cytotoxicity of functionalized carbon nanotubes in J774A macrophages. New Biotechnology 2012, 29, S203 .

AMA Style

Silvia Lorena Montes-Fonseca, Erasmo Orrantia-Borunda, Alfredo Aguilar-Elguezabal, Luna-Velasco Antonia, Carmen González Horta, Patricia Talamás-Rohana, Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez. Cytotoxicity of functionalized carbon nanotubes in J774A macrophages. New Biotechnology. 2012; 29 ():S203.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Silvia Lorena Montes-Fonseca; Erasmo Orrantia-Borunda; Alfredo Aguilar-Elguezabal; Luna-Velasco Antonia; Carmen González Horta; Patricia Talamás-Rohana; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez. 2012. "Cytotoxicity of functionalized carbon nanotubes in J774A macrophages." New Biotechnology 29, no. : S203.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2012 in Epidemiology
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ACS Style

Carmen Gonzalez-Horta; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez; Lourdes Ballinas-Casarrubias; Cecilia Ishida-Gutiérrez; Luz Maria Del Razo; Gonzalo Garcia-Vargas; Zuzana Drobná; Dana Loomis; Miroslav Sty´blo. S-052. Epidemiology 2012, 23, 1 .

AMA Style

Carmen Gonzalez-Horta, Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez, Lourdes Ballinas-Casarrubias, Cecilia Ishida-Gutiérrez, Luz Maria Del Razo, Gonzalo Garcia-Vargas, Zuzana Drobná, Dana Loomis, Miroslav Sty´blo. S-052. Epidemiology. 2012; 23 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carmen Gonzalez-Horta; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez; Lourdes Ballinas-Casarrubias; Cecilia Ishida-Gutiérrez; Luz Maria Del Razo; Gonzalo Garcia-Vargas; Zuzana Drobná; Dana Loomis; Miroslav Sty´blo. 2012. "S-052." Epidemiology 23, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 31 August 2012 in Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine
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Cytotoxicity of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is a prime concern for its use as antigen carriers. Here we evaluated the cytotoxic effect of unpurified (UP-CNTs), purified (P-CNTs), fluorescein isothiocyanate-functionalized (FITC-CNTs), and Entamoeba histolytica 220-kDa lectin-functionalized CNTs (L220-CNTs) in J774A macrophage (MOs) cell line. Cell viability and apoptosis were analyzed by MTT and TUNEL assays, respectively. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Cytotoxicity at 6.0 mg/L was higher with UP-CNTs > P-CNTs > FITC-CNTs, showing a decrease in cell viability and an increase in apoptosis. In contrast, MOs interacted with L220-CNTs showed an increase in cell viability without signs of apoptosis. Although UP-CNTs and P-CNTs exhibited COX-2 induction with 6.0 mg/L, functionalized CNTs were able to induce COX-2 at concentrations as low as 0.06 mg/L. These results suggest that functionalization decreases toxicity, and that L220-CNTs may be an excellent candidate for the production of a nanovaccine against amebiasis.

ACS Style

Silvia Lorena Montes-Fonseca; Erasmo Orrantia-Borunda; Alfredo Aguilar-Elguezabal; Carmen Gonzalez-Horta; Patricia Talamás-Rohana; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez. Cytotoxicity of functionalized carbon nanotubes in J774A macrophages. Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine 2012, 8, 853 -859.

AMA Style

Silvia Lorena Montes-Fonseca, Erasmo Orrantia-Borunda, Alfredo Aguilar-Elguezabal, Carmen Gonzalez-Horta, Patricia Talamás-Rohana, Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez. Cytotoxicity of functionalized carbon nanotubes in J774A macrophages. Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine. 2012; 8 (6):853-859.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Silvia Lorena Montes-Fonseca; Erasmo Orrantia-Borunda; Alfredo Aguilar-Elguezabal; Carmen Gonzalez-Horta; Patricia Talamás-Rohana; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez. 2012. "Cytotoxicity of functionalized carbon nanotubes in J774A macrophages." Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine 8, no. 6: 853-859.

Research article
Published: 27 June 2012 in Journal of Nanomaterials
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The cytotoxicity of the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is an important factor for the manufacture of nanovaccines. The aim of this work was to evaluate the relationship of the purification method of CNTs in cellular toxicity using macrophages (MOs) from the J774 cell line. Viability test was performed with MTT assays at 24h of exposure at concentrations of 0.06, 0.6, and 6mg/L of unpurified (UP-CNTs) or purified (P-CNTs) CNTs by two different methods: (1) reflux with 3M HNO3 and (2) sonication in H2SO4/HNO3. Characterization and COOH content of CNTs was performed using scanning electron microscopy, raman spectroscopy, and titration with NaHCO3. P-CNTs1 had lengths >100μm and 2.76% COOH content, while P-CNTs2 had lengths >1μm and 7% COOH content. This last particle showed a lower toxic effect. The results suggest that the lenght and COOH content are important factors in the toxicity of the CNTs.

ACS Style

Silvia Lorena Montes Fonseca; Erasmo Orrantia-Borunda; Jose Alberto Duarte Moller; Antonia Luna-Velasco; Manuel Román-Aguirre; Carmen Gonzalez-Horta; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez. Cytotoxicity of Carbon Nanotubes on J774 Macrophages Is a Purification-Dependent Effect. Journal of Nanomaterials 2012, 2012, 1 -7.

AMA Style

Silvia Lorena Montes Fonseca, Erasmo Orrantia-Borunda, Jose Alberto Duarte Moller, Antonia Luna-Velasco, Manuel Román-Aguirre, Carmen Gonzalez-Horta, Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez. Cytotoxicity of Carbon Nanotubes on J774 Macrophages Is a Purification-Dependent Effect. Journal of Nanomaterials. 2012; 2012 (5):1-7.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Silvia Lorena Montes Fonseca; Erasmo Orrantia-Borunda; Jose Alberto Duarte Moller; Antonia Luna-Velasco; Manuel Román-Aguirre; Carmen Gonzalez-Horta; Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez. 2012. "Cytotoxicity of Carbon Nanotubes on J774 Macrophages Is a Purification-Dependent Effect." Journal of Nanomaterials 2012, no. 5: 1-7.