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Xinwei Mao
Department of Civil Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA

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Journal article
Published: 15 June 2021 in Separation and Purification Technology
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The filtration performance, fouling and flux recovery efficiency of a novel thin film nanofibrous composite-cellulose nanofiber (TFNC-CNF) coated membrane was studied and compared with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes treating domestic wastewater. The enhanced anti-fouling property of the TFNC-CNF membrane was associated with the super-hydrophilic nature and negative charge on the membrane surface. The dead-end cell filtration tests demonstrated the TFNC-CNF membrane recovered more than 90% of the initial flux after mechanical cleaning, compared with 26–43% recovery by PVDF membranes. Continuous wastewater ultrafiltration tests with mechanical air scouring confirmed the outstanding permeability (71.3–138.9 LMH/bar) and the superior anti-fouling characteristics (59.2–86.8% recovery of the initial flux) of the TFNC-CNF membrane. Furthermore, higher total organic carbon rejection rates were also observed in the TFNC-CNF membrane (>83.2%) than the PVDF membrane (<69.8%). Collectively, the superior flux recovery and high permeability makes the TFNC-CNF membrane a promising material for membrane bioreactors.

ACS Style

Sarah Lotfikatouli; Pejman Hadi; Mengying Yang; Harold W. Walker; Benjamin S. Hsiao; Christopher Gobler; Michael Reichel; Xinwei Mao. Enhanced anti-fouling performance in Membrane Bioreactors using a novel cellulose nanofiber-coated membrane. Separation and Purification Technology 2021, 275, 119145 .

AMA Style

Sarah Lotfikatouli, Pejman Hadi, Mengying Yang, Harold W. Walker, Benjamin S. Hsiao, Christopher Gobler, Michael Reichel, Xinwei Mao. Enhanced anti-fouling performance in Membrane Bioreactors using a novel cellulose nanofiber-coated membrane. Separation and Purification Technology. 2021; 275 ():119145.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sarah Lotfikatouli; Pejman Hadi; Mengying Yang; Harold W. Walker; Benjamin S. Hsiao; Christopher Gobler; Michael Reichel; Xinwei Mao. 2021. "Enhanced anti-fouling performance in Membrane Bioreactors using a novel cellulose nanofiber-coated membrane." Separation and Purification Technology 275, no. : 119145.

Journal article
Published: 19 May 2021 in Ecological Engineering
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Bench-scale columns were used to test the impact of depth, alkalinity, and nitrogen/hydraulic loading on nitrification performance and microbial community abundance in a sand filter treating onsite wastewater. The extent of nitrification was independent of the column depth at the test hydraulic loading rate (20.5 L m−2 d−1), as full nitrification was observed at 15 cm of the column. The nitrification performance was less sensitive to nitrogen loading increase (0.15 to 0.53 mg N cm−2 d−1), while increased hydraulic loading (from 20.5 L m−2 d−1 to 32.8 L m−2 d−1) and insufficient alkalinity caused reduced nitrification at shallow column depth. Microbial analysis suggested the majority of biomass and functional species were present at the top 15 cm, with several orders of magnitude lower microbial density was observed at 45 cm depth. In addition, the microbial community present in the aged sand matrix could sustain efficient nitrification when treating synthetic wastewater. Collectively, these findings reveal the precise conditions for optimizing for complete nitrification of wastewater by sand filters.

ACS Style

Zahra Maleki Shahraki; Mian Wang; Harold W. Walker; Frank Russo; Christopher Gobler; George Heufelder; Xinwei Mao. A mechanistic understanding of the nitrification sand layer performance in a nitrogen removing biofilter (NRB) treating onsite wastewater. Ecological Engineering 2021, 168, 106271 .

AMA Style

Zahra Maleki Shahraki, Mian Wang, Harold W. Walker, Frank Russo, Christopher Gobler, George Heufelder, Xinwei Mao. A mechanistic understanding of the nitrification sand layer performance in a nitrogen removing biofilter (NRB) treating onsite wastewater. Ecological Engineering. 2021; 168 ():106271.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zahra Maleki Shahraki; Mian Wang; Harold W. Walker; Frank Russo; Christopher Gobler; George Heufelder; Xinwei Mao. 2021. "A mechanistic understanding of the nitrification sand layer performance in a nitrogen removing biofilter (NRB) treating onsite wastewater." Ecological Engineering 168, no. : 106271.

Review
Published: 25 April 2021 in Water
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Conventional onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTSs) could potentially contribute to the transmission of infectious diseases caused by waterborne pathogenic microorganisms and become an important human health concern, especially in the areas where OWTSs are used as the major wastewater treatment units. Although previous studies suggested the OWTSs could reduce chemical pollutants as well as effectively reducing microbial contaminants from onsite wastewater, the microbiological quality of effluents and the factors potentially affecting the removal are still understudied. Therefore, the design and optimization of pathogen removal performance necessitate a better mechanistic understanding of the hydrological, geochemical, and biological processes controlling the water quality in OWTSs. To fill the knowledge gaps, the sources of pathogens and common pathogenic indicators, along with their major removal mechanisms in OWTSs were discussed. This review evaluated the effectiveness of pathogen removal in state-of-art OWTSs and investigated the contributing factors for efficient pathogen removal (e.g., system configurations, filter materials, environmental and operational conditions), with the aim to guide the future design for optimized treatment performance.

ACS Style

Mian Wang; Julia Zhu; Xinwei Mao. Removal of Pathogens in Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems: A Review of Design Considerations and Influencing Factors. Water 2021, 13, 1190 .

AMA Style

Mian Wang, Julia Zhu, Xinwei Mao. Removal of Pathogens in Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems: A Review of Design Considerations and Influencing Factors. Water. 2021; 13 (9):1190.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mian Wang; Julia Zhu; Xinwei Mao. 2021. "Removal of Pathogens in Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems: A Review of Design Considerations and Influencing Factors." Water 13, no. 9: 1190.

Preprint content
Published: 30 April 2020
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The application of MBR technology in industrial and domestic wastewater treatment is well-established. The major challenge of using MBR for nitrogen removal is to reduce membrane fouling and the corresponding maintenance cost. This obstacle is largely due to the interaction of inorganic and organic foulants with the membrane material. In this study, we compared the fouling behavior

ACS Style

Sarah Lotfikatouli; Xinwei Mao. Enhanced anti-fouling performance in nitrogen removing MBRs using nanocellulose coated membrane. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Sarah Lotfikatouli, Xinwei Mao. Enhanced anti-fouling performance in nitrogen removing MBRs using nanocellulose coated membrane. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sarah Lotfikatouli; Xinwei Mao. 2020. "Enhanced anti-fouling performance in nitrogen removing MBRs using nanocellulose coated membrane." , no. : 1.

Preprint content
Published: 30 April 2020
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The application of MBR technology in industrial and domestic wastewater treatment is well-established. The major challenge of using MBR for nitrogen removal is to reduce membrane fouling and the corresponding maintenance cost. This obstacle is largely due to the interaction of inorganic and organic foulants with the membrane material. In this study, we compared the fouling behavior

ACS Style

Sarah Lotfikatouli; Xinwei Mao. Enhanced anti-fouling performance in nitrogen removing MBRs using nanocellulose coated membrane. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Sarah Lotfikatouli, Xinwei Mao. Enhanced anti-fouling performance in nitrogen removing MBRs using nanocellulose coated membrane. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sarah Lotfikatouli; Xinwei Mao. 2020. "Enhanced anti-fouling performance in nitrogen removing MBRs using nanocellulose coated membrane." , no. : 1.

Preprint content
Published: 30 April 2020
Reads 0
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The application of MBR technology in industrial and domestic wastewater treatment is well-established. The major challenge of using MBR for nitrogen removal is to reduce membrane fouling and the corresponding maintenance cost. This obstacle is largely due to the interaction of inorganic and organic foulants with the membrane material. In this study, we compared the fouling behavior

ACS Style

Sarah Lotfikatouli; Xinwei Mao. Enhanced anti-fouling performance in nitrogen removing MBRs using nanocellulose coated membrane. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Sarah Lotfikatouli, Xinwei Mao. Enhanced anti-fouling performance in nitrogen removing MBRs using nanocellulose coated membrane. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sarah Lotfikatouli; Xinwei Mao. 2020. "Enhanced anti-fouling performance in nitrogen removing MBRs using nanocellulose coated membrane." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2020 in Water Research
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This study examined whether the accumulation of nitrogen (legacy nitrogen) within and surrounding leaching pools for onsite wastewater treatment may act as a source of nitrogen contamination to groundwater upon changes to the quantity and/or composition of the influent to the pool. In this study, one concrete leaching pool with neutral pH (A, pH 6.9) and one leaching pool after acid washing (B, pH 3.7) were selected to examine the quantity and composition of legacy nitrogen in the surrounding soil, as well as evaluate the potential release of this nitrogen under two environmentally relevant leaching scenarios: (i) the concrete leaching pool serves as the final discharge unit for aerobic treatment unit (ATU) effluent; (ii) extreme weather events (flash flood/heavy rains) act to increase the quantity and dilute the composition of flow to the pool. Core sample analysis showed that organic nitrogen accounts for the majority (97.3-99.7%) of the total nitrogen (TN) at site A (4.1 ± 0.6 mg N/g soil) and site B (3.0 ± 0.4 mg N/g soil); while ammonium was the major form of inorganic nitrogen present at the sites. The TN accumulated under the two leaching pools was equivalent to approximately 17-39 days of nitrogen loading to the system. pH had a significant impact on the mass of TN leached from the soil, while no significant difference in leached TN was observed for the two leaching scenarios. The amount of TN leached from the soil matrix was not affected by the flow rate (18.6 mL/d in scenario i vs. 547.2 mL/d in scenario ii) or flow pattern (intermittent dosing vs. continuous flow). The quantity of TN leached from soils in both scenario (i) and (ii) was low and accounted for 2.6-8.9% of the total nitrogen in the soil.

ACS Style

Zahra Maleki Shahraki; Xinwei Mao; Stuart Waugh; Sarah Lotfikatouli; Harold W. Walker; Christopher Gobler; Jonathan Wanlass. Potential release of legacy nitrogen from soil surrounding onsite wastewater leaching pools. Water Research 2020, 169, 115241 .

AMA Style

Zahra Maleki Shahraki, Xinwei Mao, Stuart Waugh, Sarah Lotfikatouli, Harold W. Walker, Christopher Gobler, Jonathan Wanlass. Potential release of legacy nitrogen from soil surrounding onsite wastewater leaching pools. Water Research. 2020; 169 ():115241.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zahra Maleki Shahraki; Xinwei Mao; Stuart Waugh; Sarah Lotfikatouli; Harold W. Walker; Christopher Gobler; Jonathan Wanlass. 2020. "Potential release of legacy nitrogen from soil surrounding onsite wastewater leaching pools." Water Research 169, no. : 115241.

Journal article
Published: 19 April 2019 in Water Research
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A trichloroethene (TCE)-dechlorinating community (CANAS) maintained in a completely mixed flow reactor was established from a semi-batch enrichment culture (ANAS) and was monitored for 400 days at a low solids retention time (SRT) under electron acceptor limitation. Around 85% of TCE supplied to CANAS (0.13 mmol d−1) was converted to ethene at a rate of 0.1 mmol d−1, with detection of low production rates of vinyl chloride (6.8 × 10−3 mmol d−1) and cis-dichloroethene (2.3 × 10−3 mmol d−1). Two distinct Dehalococcoides mccartyi strains (ANAS1 and ANAS2) were stably maintained at 6.2 ± 2.8 × 108 cells mL−1 and 5.8 ± 1.2 × 108 cells mL−1, respectively. Electron balance analysis showed 107% electron recovery, in which 6.1% were involved in dechlorination. 16 S rRNA amplicon sequencing revealed a structural regime shift between ANAS and CANAS while maintaining robust TCE dechlorination due to similar relative abundances of D. mccartyi and functional redundancy among each functional guild supporting D. mccartyi activity. D. mccartyi transcriptomic analysis identified the genes encoding for ribosomal RNA and the reductive dehalogenases tceA and vcrA as the most expressed genes in CANAS, while hup and vhu were the most critical hydrogenases utilized by D. mccartyi in the community.

ACS Style

Xinwei Mao; Benoit Stenuit; Julien Tremblay; Ke Yu; Susannah Tringe; Lisa Alvarez-Cohen. Structural dynamics and transcriptomic analysis of Dehalococcoides mccartyi within a TCE-Dechlorinating community in a completely mixed flow reactor. Water Research 2019, 158, 146 -156.

AMA Style

Xinwei Mao, Benoit Stenuit, Julien Tremblay, Ke Yu, Susannah Tringe, Lisa Alvarez-Cohen. Structural dynamics and transcriptomic analysis of Dehalococcoides mccartyi within a TCE-Dechlorinating community in a completely mixed flow reactor. Water Research. 2019; 158 ():146-156.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xinwei Mao; Benoit Stenuit; Julien Tremblay; Ke Yu; Susannah Tringe; Lisa Alvarez-Cohen. 2019. "Structural dynamics and transcriptomic analysis of Dehalococcoides mccartyi within a TCE-Dechlorinating community in a completely mixed flow reactor." Water Research 158, no. : 146-156.

Research article
Published: 11 January 2017 in Environmental Science & Technology
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Acetylene (C2H2) can be generated in contaminated groundwater sites as a consequence of chemical degradation of trichloroethene (TCE) by in situ minerals, and C2H2 is known to inhibit bacterial dechlorination. In this study, we show that while high C2H2 (1.3 mM) concentrations reversibly inhibit reductive dechlorination of TCE by Dehalococcoides mccartyi isolates as well as enrichment cultures containing D. mccartyi sp., low C2H2 (0.4 mM) concentrations do not inhibit growth or metabolism of D. mccartyi. Cocultures of Pelobacter SFB93, a C2H2-fermenting bacterium, with D. mccartyi strain 195 or with D. mccartyi strain BAV1 were actively sustained by providing acetylene as the electron donor and carbon source while TCE or cis-DCE served as the electron acceptor. Inhibition by acetylene of reductive dechlorination and methanogenesis in the enrichment culture ANAS was observed, and the inhibition was removed by adding Pelobacter SFB93 into the consortium. Transcriptomic analysis of D. mccartyi strain 195 showed genes encoding for reductive dehalogenases (e.g., tceA) were not affected during the C2H2-inhibition, while genes encoding for ATP synthase, biosynthesis, and Hym hydrogenase were down-regulated during C2H2 inhibition, consistent with the physiological observation of lower cell yields and reduced dechlorination rates in strain 195. These results will help facilitate the optimization of TCE-bioremediation at contaminated sites containing both TCE and C2H2.

ACS Style

Xinwei Mao; Ronald S. Oremland; Tong Liu; Sara Gushgari; Abigail A. Landers; Shaun M. Baesman; Lisa Alvarez-Cohen. Acetylene Fuels TCE Reductive Dechlorination by Defined Dehalococcoides/Pelobacter Consortia. Environmental Science & Technology 2017, 51, 2366 -2372.

AMA Style

Xinwei Mao, Ronald S. Oremland, Tong Liu, Sara Gushgari, Abigail A. Landers, Shaun M. Baesman, Lisa Alvarez-Cohen. Acetylene Fuels TCE Reductive Dechlorination by Defined Dehalococcoides/Pelobacter Consortia. Environmental Science & Technology. 2017; 51 (4):2366-2372.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xinwei Mao; Ronald S. Oremland; Tong Liu; Sara Gushgari; Abigail A. Landers; Shaun M. Baesman; Lisa Alvarez-Cohen. 2017. "Acetylene Fuels TCE Reductive Dechlorination by Defined Dehalococcoides/Pelobacter Consortia." Environmental Science & Technology 51, no. 4: 2366-2372.