Façades—their design, aesthetics, performance, type of cladding material, and understructure—determine architectural expression and form unique appearances of individual buildings. In connection to the sustainable development idea, wood façades provide one of the alternatives of a contemporary building exterior look. Façade cladding made of coated and thermally modified wood can be successfully used for these buildings. In addition, thermally modified wood allows the use of local European wood species, while keeping cladding elements relatively thin. On the other hand, wood has certain structural limitations and disadvantages due to the properties of wood. The main weakness is caused by the surface durability of wood and its related need for maintenance over time. The scope of the study was a comprehensive assessment of coated non-heat-treated and thermally modified wood façades, performed in terms of life cycle assessment. The aim was to identify which type of wooden façade had the lowest environmental impact. According to the EN 15804 + A2 standard, the principle of evaluation of environmental parameters “cradle-to-gate-with options” was used to evaluate wooden façades and coatings and surface preservation methods. Simulations with the SimaPro program showed that the thermal modification of wood has a significant impact on the environment at the product stage. Nonetheless the thermally modified façade without any surface coating showed the lowest environmental impact in a 30 year time-horizon of the “use stage”. It was showed that surface maintenance methods applied, the coatings used, and the frequency of their application play an important role in the environmental impact of the investigated wooden façades.

The global climate crisis has shifted the building industry toward the ecological use of materials, often based on renewable sources. Properties of such materials, as well as their behavior in structures, need to be constantly verified both theoretically and experimentally. This article focuses on the influence of vapor retarder on the moisture content of timber log wall structures with sheep wool insulation. Moisture content was verified experimentally during the period of over 2 years with monitoring sensors and insulation samples weighing. Results show that vapor retarder has a positive and statistically significant impact on the moisture content of sheep wool insulation and log structure, depending on the season and position of insulation in the structure. The moisture content of the log structure does not exceed 16%, confirming no risk of biodegradation during the monitored period. This case study can help further the knowledge of log structure design and provide insight into the hygrothermal properties of sandwich structures.

The paper is focused on a verification of the moisture content of fiberboard insulations in the multilayer loadbearing log wall designed with and without the vapor barrier. Experimental verification was done using a sample of the multilayer loadbearing log wall built in a research timber structure building under in-situ conditions. Indoor properties of the building met conditions for human occupancy. The experiment was performed for 2 years and 3 months. Aims of the fiberboard insulations moisture content verification in the walls were to verify the effect of vapor barrier in various periods of the year and verify excessive moisture in the fiberboard insulations, which is undesirable in terms of biodegradation. The results of measuring the moisture content showed that after a certain period, the difference of insulation moisture content in the wall including and excluding vapor barrier is negligible, as well as other results and conclusions for designing the composition of multilayer loadbearing log walls.

Global climate crisis shifts the building industry towards ecological use of materials, often based on renewable sources. Properties of such materials, as well as their behavior in structures, need to be constantly verified both theoretically and experimentally. The article focuses on vapor retarder influence on moisture content of timber log peripheral wall structures with sheep wool insulation. Moisture content was verified experimentally during the period of over 2 years via monitoring sensors and insulation samples weighing. Results show vapor retarder has got a positive and statistically significant impact on moisture content of sheep wool insulation and log structure. This case study can help further the knowledge of log structure design and provide insight into hygrothermal properties of sandwich structures.