Foodborne diseases are usually caused by consuming foods that are stored at an inappropriate temperature. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge of safe food temperature control among restaurant supervisors of Dammam city, Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study was carried out during January 2019 to May 2019. A close-ended questionnaire was used to assess knowledge and source of information about food temperature control from restaurant supervisors. The response rate of the study was 97 (80.8%). Demographic profile and knowledge scores of restaurant supervisors are reported as percentage. Chi-square test was used to compare group differences in knowledge.$p$value <0.05 was considered significant. Restaurant supervisors had good knowledge about safe temperature for cold food (93.8%) and storing food in the freezer (83.5%) and in the refrigerator (79.4%), while they had poor knowledge of safe temperature for hot food (14.4%) and the range of temperature in which bacteria grow rapidly (danger zone temperature) in food (15.5%). All restaurant supervisors reported food and environmental inspector as their main source of information about food temperature control. Restaurant supervisors’ education level and place of work showed a significant association with safe temperature for storing food in the refrigerator and the best method to check safe cooking temperature. The high percentage of lack in the knowledge of safe temperature control for hot foods and danger zone temperature among restaurant supervisors is of great concern for public health as it exposes the customers to foodborne illnesses. The study results emphasize on the necessity to conduct education and training programs for restaurant supervisors to improve the quality of food served to consumers and protect them from foodborne illnesses and food poisoning.

Background: Information and communications technology can be used in telenursing to facilitate remote service delivery, thereby helping mitigate the general global nursing shortage as well as particular applications (eg, in geographically remote communities). Telenursing can thus bring services closer to end users, offering patient convenience and reduced hospitalization and health system costs, enabling more effective resource allocation. Objective: This study aims to examine the impact of patients’ education and telenursing follow-ups on self-care indicators among patients with type I and type II diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: In phase I, a cross-sectional descriptive analysis was conducted to evaluate the self-care practices of 400 patients with DM at Kafr El Sheikh University Hospital in Egypt. In phase II, a pretest-posttest experiment was applied with a selected group of 100 patients purposively recruited from phase I due to their low self-care practice knowledge to ascertain the impacts of a 4-week intervention delivered via telenursing. They were reminded via telephone follow-up communication of the importance of adhering to recommendations on physical activity, nutritional intake, and the management of blood sugar (ie, insulin). Data collection was undertaken using a structured quantitative questionnaire, encompassing sociodemographic characteristics, medical symptoms and history, and knowledge of DM. Paired t test analysis was applied to study pre- and postintervention self-care behaviors. Results: Participants had a mean age of 49.7 (SD 11.5) years. More than one-third received their DM diagnosis over a decade previously (135/400, 33.8%) and were obese (147/400, 36.8%). Almost half (176/400, 44%) received insulin, and the majority had cardiac disease (231/400, 57.7%) and the DM symptom of elevated blood sugar levels while fasting (365/400, 91.3%). A relatively high score of DM knowledge was reported (255/400, 63.7%). Males exhibited significantly lower knowledge levels (102/200, 51%) compared to females (153/200, 76.5%; P<.001). The intervention was effective in improving knowledge of DM (t₉₉=30.7, two-tailed; P<.001), self-care practices (t₉₉=53.7, two-tailed; P<.001), and self-care skills (t₉₉= 47, two-tailed; P<.001) among patients with DM. Conclusions: The emergent evidence suggests that patients’ education and telenursing follow-ups have the potential to improve self-care behavior in patients with DM. The delivery of frequent nursing reinforcement via telenursing enables improved self-management while contemporaneously reducing the need for patients to visit clinical settings (ie, improving patient condition and reducing net health system costs). The outcomes of this research underscore the need to integrate telenursing within conventional care for DM, and more research is needed to longitudinally assay its efficacy and sustainability over the long term and in different clinical and geographical contexts.

Lower back pain (LBP) is the main cause of workplace impairment and a significant contributor to absenteeism. Implementing relaxation techniques in the workplace can be considered an investment because it can eventually lower the incidence of chronic LBP (chronic lower back pain). The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effect of relaxation techniques on the quality of working life, pain and disability level, with nurse-led interventions among occupational workers with chronic lower back pain (CLBP). A quasi-experimental design with a pre- and post-test method was used. The study took place at a yarn and textile factory in Kafr El-Sheikh City, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt. A purposive sample of 100 industrial workers with persistent LBP was chosen. The participants were matched and sorted into two equal groups: the study group and the control group. The study used a structured interview questionnaire, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the Quality of Working Life Scale (QWL), and the Oswestry Disability Index. Participants’ average age was 41.4 ± 8.7 years in the study group and 40.5 ± 7.8 years in the control group. Following the relaxation technique intervention, the study group’s pain intensity, frequency, and duration were significantly lower than in the control group. Following the intervention, the study group’s overall quality of working life improved statistically significantly, with the mean score rising from 72% in the pretest to 93.3% in the post-test. The research group’s daily activities and the overall quality of working life improved dramatically when compared to the control group. Furthermore, after the intervention, the study group’s disability levels decreased significantly, with only 46% having a disability compared to 86% before the intervention. The implementation of relaxation techniques greatly improved the quality of working life in the study group when compared to the control group. There was a notable and statistically significant difference in pain intensity between the study group and the controls. Following the intervention, industrial workers’ daily living activities improved, despite persistent LBP. Health education and awareness programs should be conducted to improve the quality of life for industrial workers with LBP. Additionally, occupational health nurses’ roles in the early detection and referral of LBP patients in diverse industrial settings should be strengthened.

Background: Myopia is a prevalent visual impairment that necessitates appropriate treatment and preventative measures, particularly for children. The current study aimed to determine the effect of health education on parents' knowledge and practices regarding the care of their children with myopia. Methods: A quasi-experimental research design was used for this study. This study was conducted at the ophthalmology clinics at Sohag University Hospitals. A convenience sample of all (200) parents and their children with myopia was enrolled in the study over a period of six months from the previously mentioned setting. Two tools were used for data collection. The Tool I was a structured interview questionnaire (used for pre-test and post-test data). It consisted of four parts: Part 1: Parents' personal data. Part 2: Children's personal data. Part 3: Children's medical history. Part 4: Parents’ knowledge regarding myopia. Tool II assessed parents' reported practices regarding myopia, also administered as a pre-test and post-test. Results: The study demonstrated that health education had a significant effect on improving participants' mean knowledge and practice scores. Notable improvements were observed in post-intervention. A statistically significant correlation was found between parents' total knowledge and practices regarding the care of their children with myopia, both pre- and post-health education. Conclusion: Health education had a positive effect on improving parents' knowledge and practices regarding the care of their children with myopia. Recommendation: Continuous health education programs for parents must be recommended to improve knowledge and practices about myopia management. The study should be replicated to generalize the results to a wider population.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a global health challenge, especially among homeless people. Early prediction of diabetes can reduce treatment costs and improve interventions. This study aimed to identify predictors of diabetes among homeless adults by utilizing artificial intelligence and providing recommendations for diabetes prevention. Methods: A case-control study of 150 homeless adults in Giza, Egypt (99 diabetes cases and 51 controls), analyzed 43 variables collected through interviews and physiological measures, with missing data imputed. Feature selection using recursive feature elimination and univariate and correlation analyses reduced the predictors to 13 variables. The class imbalance was addressed using synthetic minority over-sampling on the training set. Six models and a stacking ensemble with XGBoost as a meta-learner were evaluated using 5-fold cross-validation and performance metrics, including the accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and AUC-ROC. Results: The key predictors included BMI, systolic blood pressure, triceps skinfold thickness, waist circumference, lifestyle factors, comorbidities, diastolic blood pressure, age, medication adherence, educational level, marital status, duration of residence, and diabetes knowledge. Individual classifiers achieved a moderate performance (accuracy: 56.7–70.0%, F1-score: 0.686–0.781). The stacking ensemble substantially outperformed individual models, achieving a 95.45% accuracy, a 100% precision, a 93.75% recall, a 0.968 F1-score, and a 0.979 AUC-ROC on the test set. Conclusions: Machine learning models can reliably predict diabetes. The proposed hybrid stacking model outperformed conventional classifiers in terms of the prediction performance, highlighting the benefits of ensemble learning and sophisticated resampling strategies in dealing with imbalanced medical data. It is recommended that healthcare institutions integrate AI-powered diagnostic assistance technology into clinical processes to aid in the early detection and treatment of diabetes.

Background: Intestinal parasitic infection is widespread worldwide and a serious public health problem. It is responsible for enormous morbidity and mortality around the world, particularly in developing countries. Artificial intelligence can create therapeutic suggestions that are individually tailored to each client’s unique traits. This study aimed to develop an intelligent system for mothers to provide future recommendations for more effective interventions to combat intestinal parasitic infections. Methods: A quasi-experimental research design (pre/post-test) was utilized to achieve the aim of the current study. The study was conducted at Dar Al Salam Family Health Center in Cairo Governorate, Egypt. A purposive sample of 200 mothers was included in this study. Two tools were used for data collection: First tool: Structured knowledge questionnaire that has four parts: Part I: Demographic data; Part II: Family history for intestinal parasitic infection; Part III: Home environment; Part IV: Mothers’ knowledge regarding intestinal parasitic infection. Second tool: Mothers’ reported preventive measures checklist. Results: There was a highly significant statistical difference in the mothers’ total knowledge level and total preventive measures regarding intestinal parasitic infection between pre and posttest. Moreover, there was highly significant statistical positive correlation between mothers’ total knowledge and total preventive measures at pre and post-test. The integration of large language model driven insights, quick engineering, and tailored treatments demonstrated favorable outcomes in enhancing mothers’ cleanliness routines. The novelty of this study lies in integrating K-Means clustering, large language models (GPT-4o), and prompt engineering to generate culturally tailored and behavior-specific preventive recommendations for mothers regarding intestinal parasitic infections. Conclusions: Preventive educational programs have a significant positive effect on improving mothers’ knowledge and preventive measures to combat intestinal parasitic infections. This study effectively underscores the significance of artificial intelligence-driven analysis and large language models in producing tailored suggestions to enhance mothers’ hygiene routines.