According to researchers, information generated from social media provides useful data for understanding the behaviour of various types of financial assets, using the sentiment expressed by these network users as an explanatory variable of asset prices. In a context in which investment based on sustainability and environmental preservation values is vital, there is no known scientific work that analyses the relationship between social networks and environmental investment, which is closely related to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. In this study, we aim to identify how investor sentiment, generated from social networks, influences environmental investment and whether this influence depends on the time variable, as well the role of the pandemic crisis and the Russia-Ukraine war. Our results show different forms of behaviour for the different periods considered, with the proximity between the two types of variables being time-varying. For shorter periods, proximity occurred mainly during the pandemic crisis, repeatedly revealing that sentiment is a risk factor in environmental investment and in particular how important the information generated from social networks can be in pricing environmental assets. For longer periods, no common stochastic trends were identified. The mechanisms generating the series are thus characterised by a certain autonomy.

Os objetivos do presente paper são, por um lado, apresentar uma resenha histórica do processo de harmonização contabilística formal em Portugal, incidindo essencialmente sobre o período que vai de meados da década de setenta do século XX até à atualidade, e por outro lado, apresentar uma análise da situação atual, relativamente aos diferentes níveis de normalização contabilística existentes. A metodologia consistiu numa revisão da literatura e em análise documental. Assim, foi efetuada a análise de textos de diversos autores, que aportaram contributos relevantes ao tema, assim como de outros documentos diretamente relacionados com a temática em análise. São, finalmente, identificados os diversos níveis de normalização contabilística em vigor na atualidade, fazendose ainda referência à situação provável num futuro próximo, contribuindo para a compreensão do processo de adaptação das normas internacionais de contabilidade à realidade Portuguesa, num contexto de realização, por parte das instituições, de adaptações necessárias a um nível nacional, das normas internacionais e regionais à realidade interna de um país.

This paper analyses the links established between environmental indices and the oil price adopting a double perspective, long-term and short-term relationships. For that purpose, we employ the Bounds Test and bivariate conditional heteroscedasticity models. In the long run, the pattern of behaviour of environmental indices clearly differed from that of the oil prices, and it was not possible to identify cointegrating vectors. In the short-term, it was possible to conclude that, in contemporaneous terms, the variables studied tended to follow similar paths. When the lag of the oil price variable was considered, the impacts produced on the stock market sectors were partially of a negative nature, which allows us to suppose that this variable plays the role of a risk factor for environmental investment.