Patient empowerment is increasingly acknowledged as a milestone of high-quality patient-centered care. This study was conducted using COPD Self-Efficacy Scale to determine the effectiveness of the patient empowerment intervention program among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients on self-efficacy. We employed an interventional design with a pre-test and post-test. Sixty COPD patients comprised the final sample of the study. The current study revealed significant improvement in overall self-efficacy factors among most participants. Statistically significant positive correlations were found between the total self-efficacy post-empower intervention model scores concerning age, sex, work, educational level, and marital status. The study’s findings revealed that the patient empowerment intervention program positively affected COPD patients’ self-efficacy.

Background: The rate of cesarean section is increasing from 15% to 40% in recent years. The type of delivery influences the hormonal, emotional and mental health of the mother, which correlates positively or negatively with the health benefits of the newborn. There have been many published studies on kangaroo mother care for mothers undergoing elective cesarean section, but there is still a lack of understanding about emergency cesarean section. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the benefits of KMC practice for mothers undergoing emergency cesarean section in terms of hormone levels such as oxytocin, cortisol, prolactin, interleukin-6 and interleukin-10. Methods: This retrospective analysis used remnant serum (KMC group = 16; control group = 9), and clinical data such as KMC practice (15– 30 minutes three or four times daily until discharge), breastfeeding initiation time, feeding time, crying time and hospital stay were extracted from the electronic database. All hormone and cytokine expressions were quantitatively determined by ELISA. Comparisons within and between groups were performed using appropriate statistical tests. Results: In the KMC group, increased levels of the hormone oxytocin significantly reduced cortisol and IL-6 and negatively influenced prolactin and IL-10 levels. The elevated prolactin facilitates overall lactation behaviour, of which 64% reported breastfeeding directly at the breast. The cytokine analysis revealed a reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines and thereby an improved wound healing was seen in the KMC group. Conclusion: These quantitative results strongly encourage the use of KMC for mothers undergoing emergency cesarean section. These simple yet effective breastfeeding strategies promote maternal and infant health, which can reduce medication use.

Dipsogenic diabetes insipidus (DDI) is a subtype of primary polydipsia (PP), which occurs mostly in healthy people without psychiatric disease. In contrast, PP is characterized by a polyuria polydipsia syndrome (PPS) associated with psychiatric illness. However, the pathogenesis of DDI is not well established and remains unexplored. In order to diagnose DDI, the patient should exhibit excessive thirst as the main symptom, in addition to no history of psychiatric illness, polyuria with low urine osmolality, and intact urine concentrating ability. Treatment options for DDI remain scarce. On this front, there have been two published case reports with successful attempts at treating DDI patients. The noteworthy commonalities in these reports are that the patient was diagnosed with frequent excessive intake of water due to a belief that drinking excess water would have pathologic benefits. It could therefore be hypothesized that the increasing trend of excessive fluid intake in people who are health conscious could also contribute to DDI. Hence, this review provides an overview of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment, with a special emphasis on habitual polydipsia and DDI.

Introduction: The overall prevalence of obesity among adolescents was estimated to be 9.9% in India. Patients with morbid obesity are at higher risk for health complications, such as diabetes, heart disease, stroke, hypertension, gallbladder disease, osteoarthritis, sleep apnea and other breathing problems and some forms of cancer. They frequently suffer from low self-esteem, impaired body image, and depression. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Cognitive Health Focused Training (CHF-T) on body mass index and quality of life among obese adults. Methodology: A quasi experimental study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of CHF-T among obese adults in selected community area, Kelambakkam, Chennai. Samples were selected by non-probability convenient sampling as per the inclusion criteria; 30participants were assigned as experimental group and 30 in control group. CHF-T was given and the level of obesity was assessed by calculating the body mass index (BMI), and the quality of life (QOL) was assessed using the adopted Moorhead quality of life questionnaire.Results: In the experimental group, there significant reduction in the mean BMI score and improve in QOL score in post-test compared to pre-test. Sex and hours spend on television had statistically significant association with posttest level of BMI at p<.01 and p<.05 level. No statistically significant association related to QOL. Conclusion: Cognitive Health Focused Training (CHF-T) among obese people was an effective method in reducing the BMI and increasing QOL. It needs commitment of the healthcare professional to create awareness among the public.

Background: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) pathways depend on nursing-led safety behaviours such as early mobilisation, opioid-sparing analgesia, device minimisation, and reliable discharge teaching to prevent immobility-related, opioid-related, and device-related harms. However, pre-licensure medical–surgical preparation inconsistently embeds these competencies, leaving ERAS delivery and patient-safety vulnerable to variation. Objective: To develop an evidence-informed, practice-development framework that translates ERAS principles into measurable nursing competencies and management priorities explicitly linked to patient-safety, quality improvement, and harm reduction in acute surgical care. Methods: This practice-development framework paper used a narrative literature review of ERAS guidelines, AACN Essentials, and published simulation reports (MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, ERIC) to identify recurring competencies and scenario features. These were inductively organised and mapped to patient-safety priorities to derive a four-domain framework. Findings: Identified simulations emphasised early mobilisation and multimodal analgesia; nutrition, fluid stewardship, device minimisation, and ERAS-focused patient education were less represented. High-fidelity and virtual formats improved knowledge and confidence but rarely reported patient-level outcomes. These gaps informed a four-domain framework: (1) ERAS clinical pillars and priority nursing competencies; (2) scenario and modality design (including a worked POD-1 colorectal case); (3) assessment and feedback strategies anchored by the Lasater Clinical Judgement Rubric; and (4) implementation tools for nurse managers and ERAS leads to integrate simulation into orientation and quality dashboards. The framework conceptually links competencies to safety-relevant endpoints including opioid-related adverse events, immobility-related complications, device-related harms, and discharge-education reliability. Conclusions: ERAS-aligned simulation may offer a feasible, scalable patient-safety and practice-development strategy for aligning pre-licensure preparation with nursing-management priorities for harm reduction. The framework provides a conceptual model that warrants empirical evaluation. It maps ERAS pillars to nursing competencies, operationalises these through a reusable colorectal scenario, and links simulation-derived competencies to unit-level recovery and safety agendas.