Wireless sensors networks (WSNs) are characterized by flexibility and scalability in any environment. These networks are increasingly used in agricultural and industrial environments and have a dual role in data collection from sensors and transmission to a monitoring system, as well as enabling the management of the monitored environment. Environment management depends on trust in the data collected from the surrounding environment, including the time of data creation. This paper proposes a trust model for monitoring humidity and moisture in agricultural and industrial environments. The proposed model uses a digital signature and public key infrastructure (PKI) to establish trust in the data source, i.e., the trust in the sensor. Trust in data generation is essential for real-time environmental monitoring and subsequent analyzes, thus timestamp technology is implemented here to further ensure that gathered data are not created or changed after the assigned time. Model validation is performed using the Castalia network simulator by testing energy consumption at the receiver and sender nodes and the delay incurred by creating or validating a trust token. In addition, validation is also performed using the Ascertia TSA Crusher application for the time consumed to obtain a timestamp from the free TSA. The results show that by applying different digital signs and timestamps, the trust entity of the WSN improved significantly with an increase in power consumption of the sender node by up to 9.3% and receiver node by up to 126.3% for a higher number of nodes, along with a packet delay of up to 15.6% and an average total time consumed up to 1.186 s to obtain the timestamp from the best chosen TSA, which was as expected.
1 June 2020 in Journal of Graphic Engineering and Design
Augmented Reality (AR) is a way of looking at the real environment in which the computer-generated environment is located. The use of augmented reality changes the way we interact with the real environment. In the past few years, with the development of technology, augmented reality is gaining in importance and becoming closer to everyday users. Many companies such as Google, Sony, HTC and Samsung are investing heavily in the development of this field. Augmented reality is finding usage in various areas such as entertainment, marketing, navigation, surveillance, system maintenance, and user training. The purpose of this paper is to present the possibilities of using augmented reality systems for the needs of self-service automated systems.
Due to the increasing numbers of cars in cities, organizations of parking zones and fees are crucial to the efficient functioning of traffic in cities. For most urban areas, the number of parking spaces, especially on-street parking, is usually not enough. On-street parking is the most common form of parking in cities. There are several ways for on-street parking payments such as special parking vouchers, text messages via mobile phones, special smartphone applications, self-service parking machines, and parking meters. Over 95% of the on-street parking in the world is paid by parking meters and self-service parking machines. In order for constant improvement of the parking services, one approach is by extending the functionality of self-service parking machines with the introduction of new technologies. This paper describes the support for on-street parking payment systems, by introducing new parking kiosk (self-service parking machine) that can be easily integrated with other parking payment systems in the cities.