From tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) farming, the by-products have been identified as a source of collagen that could be used for the development of dermocosmetics or pharmaceutical products. However, the characteristics of collagen related to a specific strain or culture must be well defined prior to its application. Collagen was extracted from the skin of three strains of tilapia: red YY males (YY: two Y-type sex chromosomes), XX gray females, and the F1: offspring of crossing red YY males with XX gray females; at different ages in the adult phase, using acetic acid and pepsin enzyme. The characteristics of acid-soluble collagen (ASC) and pepsin-soluble collagen (PSC) were shown by SDS-PAGE band profiles to be similar to bovine collagen type I (SIGMA), the PSC of gray tilapia being more fragile to temperature changes, consistent with the results of fractional viscosity. The characteristics of the F1 progeny were prioritized for being a commercially productive and sustainable source for the extraction of collagen, and the ASC form, being the one with the greatest stability and advantage over PSC, of importance to our investigations, leads to a controlled digestion as in the case of peptide induction, and also in the development of natural products in the pharmaceutical and/or dermocosmetic industry. Evaluations of the triple helix structure by FT-IR, X-ray diffraction and UV–visible spectroscopy give similar results between the strains: red, gray, and F1, and between ages in the adult form F1 (15, 24, and 36 months of age). Consequently, the skin of tilapia in adult form is recommended sustainably for up to 24 months of age where the collagen is obtained with the use of acetic acid without enzymatic treatment.

Considering the importance of the cutaneous tissue investigation and the need for the development of new protocols to non-invasively establish the safety and efficacy of dermocosmetics and topical products, we aimed at developing an HPLC-TBARS-EVSC (high performance liquid chromatography–thiobarbituric acid reactive species–ex vivo stratum corneum) assay for the lipid peroxidation measurement on subjects’ stratum corneum (SC) obtained by tape stripping; additionally, we applied the HPLC-TBARS-EVSC assay in an emulsified sunscreen system containing ethylhexyl triazone and bemotrizinol as UV filters. HPLC analysis was performed in isocratic mode with 35% methanol/65% phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) as the mobile phase. The diode detector was set at 532 nm to quantify the malondialdehyde (MDA)-TBA adduct. An ex vivo tape stripping method was applied in 10 volunteers in three pre-defined regions of the volar forearms: the control; the irradiated; and the site containing the sunscreen (2.0 mg·cm⁻²). Ten adhesive tapes per region were used for SC removal. An exclusive ex vivo protocol to measure SC lipid peroxidation was preliminarily developed with linearity and selectivity. The protocol suggested the use of an artificial irradiation dose (5506 KJ·m⁻²) to improve the assay response from the SC. The sunscreen system had a significative decrease in SC lipoperoxidative damage compared to the control. Our protocol can aid in the efficacy establishment of anti-UV and antioxidant agents, for instance, in studies that aim at elucidating the level of SC lipid peroxidation and even in carrying out baseline investigations characterizing different ethnicities and genders.

Las universidades deben tener un instrumento que permita medir el perfil emprendedor del futuro profesional, de manera que pueda acceder rápidamente al entorno laboral. El estudio evaluó la escala de perfil emprendedor en universitarios peruanos mediante el análisis psicométrico de validez y confiabilidad. Se adaptó un cuestionario validado previamente en otro contexto y se aplicó a 354 estudiantes de una universidad pública de Trujillo (Perú) con edades de 19 a 23 años. Se determinó la validez mediante la evaluación del contenido y constructo; mientras que, para la confiabilidad, se utilizó el Alfa de Cronbach. Se encontró un V Aiken de 0,94; la prueba de Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin y la prueba de esfericidad de Bartlett arrojó un valor mayor a 0,5; comunalidades con valores mínimo y máximo de 0,586 y 0,881; con la identificación de 9 dimensiones, analizados por descomposición de la varianza total (73,942%) y componentes rotados; en el análisis de correlación se encontró diferencia significativa en la dimensión – test, ítem – dimensión e ítem – test. En la confiabilidad se encontró un valor de Alfa de Cronbach de 0,833. Se concluye que, la escala de perfil emprendedor es válido y confiable para el contexto peruano.

Objetivo: Evaluar la influencia de la altura en los niveles de proteína C reactiva (PCR) en adultos con adiposidad visceral abdominal. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo con diseño cuasi-experimental, que incluyó veinticuatro estudiantes de medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, sexo masculino, seleccionados de manera no probabilística por conveniencia y sujeto participante, que fueron evaluados a 0 y 4386 m s. n. m. y clasificados de acuerdo al grado de adiposidad visceral abdominal: normal (G1) y elevada (G2). Resultados: El nivel de PCR de G1 en relación a G2 no tuvo diferencia significativa. Respecto a los niveles de PCR de G2 se empleó la prueba no paramétrica de Wilcoxon y para G1 se usó la prueba T-student, evidenciándose una significancia en ambos casos. Conclusiones: Las variaciones de los niveles de PCR en altura con respecto al basal de ambos grupos fueron significativos.

Hops are an important component of beer brewing, providing aromatic and bittering properties that are essential to consumer appeal. A significant amount of hop residue is generated in the dry-hop brewing process that cannot be reused due to bittering residues that disqualify them as animal feed or other products. The purpose of this research was to reuse four varieties of hop waste (Citra, Mosaic, Hallertau Blanc, and Mandarina Bavaria) through a repalletization process with the objective of integrating them into a new craft beer brewing process. Chemical properties such as the phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and α- and β-acids were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) due to the reuse of the repelletized hops, leading to a decrease in the bitterness levels in all of the craft beers brewed with dry-hop residues. Finally, the sensory study conducted with non-habitual craft beer consumers revealed significant general acceptability for beers brewed with repelletized dry-hop residues (Mandarina Bavaria, Citra, and Mosaic). The reuse of hop residues for brewing presents a promising opportunity for further development in the food industry.

El presente capítulo ofrece una revisión bibliográfica sobre los compuestos bioactivos presentes en la semilla de Persea americana Mill., conocida comúnmente como palta o aguacate, y examina su potencial para aplicaciones en la industria cosmecéutica. La semilla de palta representa un residuo agroindustrial abundante y subutilizado, cuya valorización constituye una oportunidad de innovación en el contexto de la economía circular. El capítulo describe la composición fitoquímica de la semilla, con énfasis en los grupos de compuestos más relevantes: polifenoles, proantocianidinas, ácidos grasos, flavonoides y péptidos bioactivos. Se revisa la evidencia científica disponible sobre la actividad antimicrobiana de estos compuestos frente a microorganismos asociados al acné vulgar, especialmente Cutibacterium acnes, así como su capacidad antioxidante y antiinflamatoria. Se abordan también los principales métodos de extracción reportados en la literatura y el potencial de estos extractos en la formulación de productos cosmecéuticos, particularmente cremas y emulsiones de uso tópico. El capítulo no presenta resultados experimentales propios, sino que sistematiza y discute la información científica existente con el propósito de orientar futuras investigaciones y desarrollos tecnológicos en el sector cosmecéutico peruano e iberoamericano, donde la palta constituye un recurso andino de gran disponibilidad e identidad cultural.