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The digital transformation supports many cities on the way to becoming smarter cities, enabling them to enhance digital processes, care about climate-friendly goals, or improve the quality of life of their citizens. However, such changes usually take place step by step and not in a big-bang approach. In order for the direction of the digital transformation to be defined, it is necessary to know and understand the needs and requirements of all relevant stakeholders who will be affected or are intended to use the new digital solutions. As our environment, a smart city district, is currently under construction, we do not know most of the future stakeholders yet. Therefore, we had to find new ways of eliciting the needs and requirements for digital solutions without knowing, e.g., the citizens who will live in the future district. We show a framework of the procedures we followed, classified into (a) vision and concepts, (b) smart city district digital ecosystem, and (c) dissemination and events. We substantiate the processes with example results and provide a discussion on how we evaluate our solutions with respect to future applicability. Because evaluations are only very limited in our setting right now, we focus on four lead questions to argue why the procedures and results are adequate and share the lessons we learned on this path towards a digital smart city district.
Frank Elberzhager; Patrick Mennig; Svenja Polst; Simon Scherr; Phil Stüpfert. Towards a Digital Ecosystem for a Smart City District: Procedure, Results, and Lessons Learned. Smart Cities 2021, 4, 686 -716.
AMA StyleFrank Elberzhager, Patrick Mennig, Svenja Polst, Simon Scherr, Phil Stüpfert. Towards a Digital Ecosystem for a Smart City District: Procedure, Results, and Lessons Learned. Smart Cities. 2021; 4 (2):686-716.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrank Elberzhager; Patrick Mennig; Svenja Polst; Simon Scherr; Phil Stüpfert. 2021. "Towards a Digital Ecosystem for a Smart City District: Procedure, Results, and Lessons Learned." Smart Cities 4, no. 2: 686-716.
New work models have been discussed for several years. Especially in the area of knowledge work, mobile and distributed work provides advantages over presence time at companies: It offers more freedom and flexibility to the employees, reduces travel time, and counteracts a major trend: the exodus from rural areas. However, to provide an optimized digital work environment for distributed teams of knowledge workers, many different aspects must be considered, including social, physical, legal, and technological aspects. In this article, we focus on the technological aspects. Nowadays, a multitude of tools and technologies exist to support the communication of distributed teams, to allow working concurrently on documents, or to support data and document exchange. However, many existing solutions only provide solutions for a specific purpose rather than a sophisticated platform that offers all of these services in an integrated manner and additionally takes care of delivering intelligent and data-driven services in a trustful and ethical way. In the research project “Digital Teams”, we aim at developing such a platform as open source. In this article, we provide the basic architecture of our platform and share the main concepts and solutions we are currently implementing, such as our dashboard, data exchange concepts, or authentication and authorization mechanisms.
Stefan Schweitzer; Matthias Gerbershagen; Frank Elberzhager; Susanne Braun. Concepts and Solutions of the Digital Teams Platform to Support Mobile Work and Virtual Teams. Procedia Computer Science 2020, 175, 56 -63.
AMA StyleStefan Schweitzer, Matthias Gerbershagen, Frank Elberzhager, Susanne Braun. Concepts and Solutions of the Digital Teams Platform to Support Mobile Work and Virtual Teams. Procedia Computer Science. 2020; 175 ():56-63.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStefan Schweitzer; Matthias Gerbershagen; Frank Elberzhager; Susanne Braun. 2020. "Concepts and Solutions of the Digital Teams Platform to Support Mobile Work and Virtual Teams." Procedia Computer Science 175, no. : 56-63.
Simon André Scherr; Frank Elberzhager; Konstantin Holl. Acceptance testing of mobile applications. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems 2018, 247 -251.
AMA StyleSimon André Scherr, Frank Elberzhager, Konstantin Holl. Acceptance testing of mobile applications. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems. 2018; ():247-251.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSimon André Scherr; Frank Elberzhager; Konstantin Holl. 2018. "Acceptance testing of mobile applications." Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems , no. : 247-251.
High quality and short time-to-market are business goals that are relevant for almost every company since decades. However, the duration between new releases heavily decreased, and the level of quality that customers expect increased drastically during the last years. Achieving both business goals imply investments that have to be considered. In this article, we sketch 22 best practices that help companies to strive towards a shorter time-to-market while providing high quality software products. We share furthermore experiences from a practical environment where a selected set of guidelines was applied. Especially DevOps including an automated deployment pipeline was an essential step towards high quality at short time-to-market.
Frank Elberzhager; Matthias Naab. High Quality at Short Time-to-Market: Challenges Towards This Goal and Guidelines for the Realization. Business Information Systems 2017, 121 -132.
AMA StyleFrank Elberzhager, Matthias Naab. High Quality at Short Time-to-Market: Challenges Towards This Goal and Guidelines for the Realization. Business Information Systems. 2017; ():121-132.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrank Elberzhager; Matthias Naab. 2017. "High Quality at Short Time-to-Market: Challenges Towards This Goal and Guidelines for the Realization." Business Information Systems , no. : 121-132.
The development of software within short timeframes calls for concepts like minimum viable products with lean development. An agile development setting allows software products to be put on the market in time. Nevertheless, quality, especially in terms of user requirements, suffers when the focus is on the speed of the development. Therefore, we have developed the approach Opti4Apps, which considers user feedback automatically. This automation enables rapid user feedback to be revealed, which is needed for lean development in order to achieve high software quality in accordance with the users’ needs. This paper shows how the approach can be applied smoothly in agile development settings by analyzing common agile practices with regard to our user-centric feedback approach Opti4Apps. It turned out that with most practices, the additional effort is low, and the positive influence can be highly beneficial.
Frank Elberzhager; Konstantin Holl; Britta Karn; Thomas Immich. Rapid Lean UX Development Through User Feedback Revelation. Privacy Enhancing Technologies 2017, 535 -542.
AMA StyleFrank Elberzhager, Konstantin Holl, Britta Karn, Thomas Immich. Rapid Lean UX Development Through User Feedback Revelation. Privacy Enhancing Technologies. 2017; ():535-542.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrank Elberzhager; Konstantin Holl; Britta Karn; Thomas Immich. 2017. "Rapid Lean UX Development Through User Feedback Revelation." Privacy Enhancing Technologies , no. : 535-542.
Susanne Braun; Frank Elberzhager; Konstantin Holl. Automation Support for Mobile App Quality Assurance – A Tool Landscape. Procedia Computer Science 2017, 110, 117 -124.
AMA StyleSusanne Braun, Frank Elberzhager, Konstantin Holl. Automation Support for Mobile App Quality Assurance – A Tool Landscape. Procedia Computer Science. 2017; 110 ():117-124.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSusanne Braun; Frank Elberzhager; Konstantin Holl. 2017. "Automation Support for Mobile App Quality Assurance – A Tool Landscape." Procedia Computer Science 110, no. : 117-124.
Frank Elberzhager; Konstantin Holl. Towards Automated Capturing and Processing of User Feedback for Optimizing Mobile Apps. Procedia Computer Science 2017, 110, 215 -221.
AMA StyleFrank Elberzhager, Konstantin Holl. Towards Automated Capturing and Processing of User Feedback for Optimizing Mobile Apps. Procedia Computer Science. 2017; 110 ():215-221.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrank Elberzhager; Konstantin Holl. 2017. "Towards Automated Capturing and Processing of User Feedback for Optimizing Mobile Apps." Procedia Computer Science 110, no. : 215-221.
With an approach for mobile application development that is based on developing a minimal set of functions in order to realize a minimum viable product (MVP), it is possible to put a product on the market within a short amount of time. Nevertheless, this beneficial short time to market often involves poor quality of the developed application. Currently, the elicitation, analysis, and processing of user feedback are unfocused and take too much time and effort to mitigate the poor quality of the application. Hence, we outline an approach aimed at tailored quality assurance as part of MVP development, which enables and expands the benefits of MVP by providing a semi-automated feedback elicitation, analysis, and processing framework. This is intended to raise the effectiveness and efficiency of early user feedback consideration during further development in order to assure the quality and acceptance of a minimalistically developed mobile application.
Konstantin Holl; Frank Elberzhager; Christian Tamanini. Optimization of mobile applications through a feedback-based quality assurance approach. Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Mining Software Repositories 2016, 323 -325.
AMA StyleKonstantin Holl, Frank Elberzhager, Christian Tamanini. Optimization of mobile applications through a feedback-based quality assurance approach. Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Mining Software Repositories. 2016; ():323-325.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKonstantin Holl; Frank Elberzhager; Christian Tamanini. 2016. "Optimization of mobile applications through a feedback-based quality assurance approach." Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Mining Software Repositories , no. : 323-325.
Mobile applications have become highly pervasive in recent years. The quality of mobile applications for business use, in particular, is relevant for all stakeholders since application failures can lead to serious consequences, such as damage of corporate reputation or financial loss. For other applications, a reasonable level of quality is also required to convince users to use them. The goal of this work is to identify approaches that address the issue of quality assurance for mobile applications. We present an overview of the identified approaches based on certain viewpoints, such as the focused test level and the addressed quality, and show current research challenges. In order to drive the systematic mapping study, we derived seven research questions based on the stated goal. Then two researchers identified 3,192 records from four digital libraries based on a search string related to terms regarding quality assurance for mobile applications and predefined selection criteria. Ultimately, 230 articles were selected. We created clustered views to answer our seven research questions. In addition, we used surveys found to complement our overview of current challenges. The results show an overall upward trend of publications since 2003. Important topics include automation of GUI tests and assurance of non-functional qualities. Aspects of future research could be the establishment of test environments and the focus on defects addressing stronger the specific characteristics of mobile applications.
Konstantin Holl; Frank Elberzhager. Quality assurance of mobile applications. Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Mining Software Repositories 2016, 101 -113.
AMA StyleKonstantin Holl, Frank Elberzhager. Quality assurance of mobile applications. Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Mining Software Repositories. 2016; ():101-113.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKonstantin Holl; Frank Elberzhager. 2016. "Quality assurance of mobile applications." Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Mining Software Repositories , no. : 101-113.
Frank Elberzhager; Taslim Arif; Matthias Naab; Inge Süß; Sener Koban. From Agile Development to DevOps: Going Towards Faster Releases at High Quality – Experiences from an Industrial Context. Business Information Systems 2016, 33 -44.
AMA StyleFrank Elberzhager, Taslim Arif, Matthias Naab, Inge Süß, Sener Koban. From Agile Development to DevOps: Going Towards Faster Releases at High Quality – Experiences from an Industrial Context. Business Information Systems. 2016; ():33-44.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrank Elberzhager; Taslim Arif; Matthias Naab; Inge Süß; Sener Koban. 2016. "From Agile Development to DevOps: Going Towards Faster Releases at High Quality – Experiences from an Industrial Context." Business Information Systems , no. : 33-44.
Planning quality assurance (QA) activities in a systematic way and controlling their execution are challenging tasks for companies that develop software or software-intensive systems. Both require estimation capabilities regarding the effectiveness of the applied QA techniques and the defect content of the checked artifacts. Existing approaches for these purposes need extensive measurement data from historical projects. Due to the fact that many companies do not collect enough data for applying these approaches (especially for the early project lifecycle), they typically base their QA planning and controlling solely on expert opinion. This article presents a hybrid method that combines commonly available measurement data and context-specific expert knowledge. To evaluate the method's applicability and usefulness, we conducted a case study in the context of independent verification and validation activities for critical software in the space domain. A hybrid defect content and effectiveness model was developed for the software requirements analysis phase and evaluated with available legacy data. One major result is that the hybrid model provides improved estimation accuracy when compared to applicable models based solely on data. The mean magnitude of relative error (MMRE) determined by cross-validation is 29.6% compared to 76.5% obtained by the most accurate data-based model.
Michael Klas; Haruka Nakao; Frank Elberzhager; Jürgen Münch. Predicting Defect Content and Quality Assurance Effectiveness by Combining Expert Judgment and Defect Data - A Case Study. 2014, 1 .
AMA StyleMichael Klas, Haruka Nakao, Frank Elberzhager, Jürgen Münch. Predicting Defect Content and Quality Assurance Effectiveness by Combining Expert Judgment and Defect Data - A Case Study. . 2014; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMichael Klas; Haruka Nakao; Frank Elberzhager; Jürgen Münch. 2014. "Predicting Defect Content and Quality Assurance Effectiveness by Combining Expert Judgment and Defect Data - A Case Study." , no. : 1.
Defining strategies on how to perform quality assurance (QA) and how to control such activities is a challenging task for organizations developing or maintaining software and software-intensive systems. Planning and adjusting QA activities could benefit from accurate estimations of the expected defect content of relevant artifacts and the effectiveness of important quality assurance activities. Combining expert opinion with commonly available measurement data in a hybrid way promises to overcome the weaknesses of purely data-driven or purely expert-based estimation methods. This article presents a case study of the hybrid estimation method HyDEEP for estimating defect content and QA effectiveness in the telecommunication domain. The specific focus of this case study is the use of the method for gaining quantitative predictions. This aspect has not been empirically analyzed in previous work. Among other things, the results show that for defect content estimation, the method performs significantly better statistically than purely data-based methods, with a relative error of 0.3 on average (MMRE).
Michael Klas; Frank Elberzhager; Jürgen Münch; Klaus Hartjes; Olaf Von Graevemeyer. Transparent Combination of Expert and Measurement Data for Defect Prediction: An Industrial Case Study. 2014, 1 .
AMA StyleMichael Klas, Frank Elberzhager, Jürgen Münch, Klaus Hartjes, Olaf Von Graevemeyer. Transparent Combination of Expert and Measurement Data for Defect Prediction: An Industrial Case Study. . 2014; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMichael Klas; Frank Elberzhager; Jürgen Münch; Klaus Hartjes; Olaf Von Graevemeyer. 2014. "Transparent Combination of Expert and Measurement Data for Defect Prediction: An Industrial Case Study." , no. : 1.
Today's software quality assurance techniques are often applied in isolation. Consequently, synergies resulting from systematically integrating different quality assurance activities are often not exploited. Such combinations promise benefits, such as a reduction in quality assurance effort or higher defect detection rates. The integration of inspection and testing, for instance, can be used to guide testing activities. For example, testing activities can be focused on defect-prone parts based upon inspection results. Existing approaches for predicting defect-prone parts do not make systematic use of the results from inspections. This article gives an overview of an integrated inspection and testing approach, and presents a preliminary case study aiming at verifying a study design for evaluating the approach. First results from this preliminary case study indicate that synergies resulting from the integration of inspection and testing might exist, and show a trend that testing activities could be guided based on inspection results.
Frank Elberzhager; Alla Rosbach; Jürgen Münch; Robert Eschbach. Inspection and Test Process Integration Based on Explicit Test Prioritization Strategies. 2013, 1 .
AMA StyleFrank Elberzhager, Alla Rosbach, Jürgen Münch, Robert Eschbach. Inspection and Test Process Integration Based on Explicit Test Prioritization Strategies. . 2013; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrank Elberzhager; Alla Rosbach; Jürgen Münch; Robert Eschbach. 2013. "Inspection and Test Process Integration Based on Explicit Test Prioritization Strategies." , no. : 1.
Matlab Simulink is one of the major modeling and simulation tools applied in different embedded systems domain. Quality assurance is an essential, but often highly effort-consuming part of software development. A lot of different quality assurance techniques exist to ensure high quality, but these analysis and testing techniques are often applied in isolation. Therefore, we are interested in synergy effects when applying them in combination. Consequently, we performed a systematic mapping study to identify the current state of the art regarding such quality assurance techniques and existing combinations. Our main result is a classification of existing quality assurance techniques applied on Matlab Simulink models, and an overview of existing tool support and the validity of the approaches
Frank Elberzhager; Alla Rosbach; Thomas Bauer. Analysis and testing of matlab simulink models: a systematic mapping study. Proceedings of the 2013 international workshop on Mining unstructured big data using natural language processing 2013, 1 .
AMA StyleFrank Elberzhager, Alla Rosbach, Thomas Bauer. Analysis and testing of matlab simulink models: a systematic mapping study. Proceedings of the 2013 international workshop on Mining unstructured big data using natural language processing. 2013; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrank Elberzhager; Alla Rosbach; Thomas Bauer. 2013. "Analysis and testing of matlab simulink models: a systematic mapping study." Proceedings of the 2013 international workshop on Mining unstructured big data using natural language processing , no. : 1.
Quality assurance effort, especially testing effort, is often a major cost factor during software development, which sometimes consumes more than 50% of the overall development effort. Consequently, one major goal is often to reduce testing effort. The main goal of the systematic mapping study is the identification of existing approaches that are able to reduce testing effort. Therefore, an overview should be presented both for researchers and practitioners in order to identify, on the one hand, future research directions and, on the other hand, potential for improvements in practical environments. Two researchers performed a systematic mapping study, focusing on four databases with an initial result set of 4020 articles. In total, we selected and categorized 144 articles. Five different areas were identified that exploit different ways to reduce testing effort: approaches that predict defect-prone parts or defect content, automation, test input reduction approaches, quality assurance techniques applied before testing, and test strategy approaches. The results reflect an increased interest in this topic in recent years. A lot of different approaches have been developed, refined, and evaluated in different environments. The highest attention was found with respect to automation and prediction approaches. In addition, some input reduction approaches were found. However, in terms of combining early quality assurance activities with testing to reduce test effort, only a small number of approaches were found. Due to the continuous challenge of reducing test effort, future research in this area is expected.
Frank Elberzhager; Alla Rosbach; Jürgen Münch; Robert Eschbach. Reducing test effort: A systematic mapping study on existing approaches. Information and Software Technology 2012, 54, 1092 -1106.
AMA StyleFrank Elberzhager, Alla Rosbach, Jürgen Münch, Robert Eschbach. Reducing test effort: A systematic mapping study on existing approaches. Information and Software Technology. 2012; 54 (10):1092-1106.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrank Elberzhager; Alla Rosbach; Jürgen Münch; Robert Eschbach. 2012. "Reducing test effort: A systematic mapping study on existing approaches." Information and Software Technology 54, no. 10: 1092-1106.
Inspections and testing are two of the most commonly performed software quality assurance processes today. Typically, these processes are applied in isolation, which, however, fails to exploit the benefits of systematically combining and integrating them. In consequence, tests are not focused on the basis of early defect detection data. Expected benefits of such process integration include higher defect detection rates or reduced quality assurance effort. Moreover, when conducting testing without any prior information regarding the system's quality, it is often unclear how to focus testing. A systematic integration of inspection and testing processes requires context-specific knowledge about the relationships between inspections and testing. This knowledge is typically not available and needs to be empirically identified and validated. Often, context-specific assumptions can be seen as a starting point for generating such knowledge. On the basis of the integrated inspection and testing approach, In Test, which uses inspection data to focus testing, we present in this article how knowledge about the relationship between inspections and testing can be gained, documented, and evolved in an analytical or empirical manner. In addition, this article gives an overview of related work and highlights future research directions
Frank Elberzhager; Jürgen Münch; Dieter Rombach; Bernd Freimut. Integrating inspection and test processes based on context-specific assumptions. Journal of Software: Evolution and Process 2012, 26, 371 -385.
AMA StyleFrank Elberzhager, Jürgen Münch, Dieter Rombach, Bernd Freimut. Integrating inspection and test processes based on context-specific assumptions. Journal of Software: Evolution and Process. 2012; 26 (4):371-385.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrank Elberzhager; Jürgen Münch; Dieter Rombach; Bernd Freimut. 2012. "Integrating inspection and test processes based on context-specific assumptions." Journal of Software: Evolution and Process 26, no. 4: 371-385.
Today’s software quality assurance techniques are often applied in isolation. Consequently, synergies resulting from systematically integrating different quality assurance activities are often not exploited. Such combinations promise benefits, such as a reduction in quality assurance effort or higher defect detection rates. The integration of inspection and testing, for instance, can be used to guide testing activities. For example, testing activities can be focused on defect-prone parts based upon inspection results. Existing approaches for predicting defect-prone parts do not make systematic use of the results from inspections. This article gives an overview of an integrated inspection and testing approach, and presents a preliminary case study aiming at verifying a study design for evaluating the approach. First results from this preliminary case study indicate that synergies resulting from the integration of inspection and testing might exist, and show a trend that testing activities could be guided based on inspection results.
Frank Elberzhager; Alla Rosbach; Jürgen Münch; Robert Eschbach. Inspection and Test Process Integration Based on Explicit Test Prioritization Strategies. Business Information Systems 2012, 94, 181 -192.
AMA StyleFrank Elberzhager, Alla Rosbach, Jürgen Münch, Robert Eschbach. Inspection and Test Process Integration Based on Explicit Test Prioritization Strategies. Business Information Systems. 2012; 94 ():181-192.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrank Elberzhager; Alla Rosbach; Jürgen Münch; Robert Eschbach. 2012. "Inspection and Test Process Integration Based on Explicit Test Prioritization Strategies." Business Information Systems 94, no. : 181-192.
Frank Elberzhager; Jürgen Münch; Dieter Rombach; Bernd Freimut. Optimizing cost and quality by integrating inspection and test processes. Proceeding of the 2nd workshop on Software engineering for sensor network applications - SESENA '11 2011, 1 .
AMA StyleFrank Elberzhager, Jürgen Münch, Dieter Rombach, Bernd Freimut. Optimizing cost and quality by integrating inspection and test processes. Proceeding of the 2nd workshop on Software engineering for sensor network applications - SESENA '11. 2011; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrank Elberzhager; Jürgen Münch; Dieter Rombach; Bernd Freimut. 2011. "Optimizing cost and quality by integrating inspection and test processes." Proceeding of the 2nd workshop on Software engineering for sensor network applications - SESENA '11 , no. : 1.
Defining strategies on how to perform quality assurance (QA) and how to control such activities is a challenging task for organizations developing or maintaining software and software-intensive systems. Planning and adjusting QA activities could benefit from accurate estimations of the expected defect content of relevant artifacts and the effectiveness of important quality assurance activities. Combining expert opinion with commonly available measurement data in a hybrid way promises to overcome the weaknesses of purely data-driven or purely expert-based estimation methods. This article presents a case study of the hybrid estimation method HyDEEP for estimating defect content and QA effectiveness in the telecommunication domain. The specific focus of this case study is the use of the method for gaining quantitative predictions. This aspect has not been empirically analyzed in previous work. Among other things, the results show that for defect content estimation, the method performs significantly better statistically than purely data-based methods, with a relative error of 0.3 on average (MMRE).
Michael Kläs; Frank Elberzhager; Jürgen Münch; Klaus Hartjes; Olaf von Graevemeyer. Transparent combination of expert and measurement data for defect prediction. Proceedings of the 32nd ACM/IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering - ICSE '10 2010, 119 -128.
AMA StyleMichael Kläs, Frank Elberzhager, Jürgen Münch, Klaus Hartjes, Olaf von Graevemeyer. Transparent combination of expert and measurement data for defect prediction. Proceedings of the 32nd ACM/IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering - ICSE '10. 2010; ():119-128.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMichael Kläs; Frank Elberzhager; Jürgen Münch; Klaus Hartjes; Olaf von Graevemeyer. 2010. "Transparent combination of expert and measurement data for defect prediction." Proceedings of the 32nd ACM/IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering - ICSE '10 , no. : 119-128.
Planning quality assurance (QA) activities in a systematic way and controlling their execution are challenging tasks for companies that develop software or software-intensive systems. Both require estimation capabilities regarding the effectiveness of the applied QA techniques and the defect content of the checked artifacts. Existing approaches for these purposes need extensive measurement data from historical projects. Due to the fact that many companies do not collect enough data for applying these approaches (especially for the early project lifecycle), they typically base their QA planning and controlling solely on expert opinion. This article presents a hybrid method combining commonly available measurement data and context-specific expert knowledge. To evaluate the method’s applicability and usefulness, we conducted a case study in the context of independent verification and validation activities for critical software in the space domain. A hybrid defect content and effectiveness model was developed for the software requirements analysis phase and evaluated with available legacy data. One major result is that the hybrid model provides improved estimation accuracy when compared to applicable models based solely on data. The mean magnitude of relative error (MMRE) determined by cross-validation is 29.6% compared to 76.5% obtained by the most accurate data-based model.
Michael Kläs; Haruka Nakao; Frank Elberzhager; Jürgen Münch. Support planning and controlling of early quality assurance by combining expert judgment and defect data—a case study. Empirical Software Engineering 2009, 15, 423 -454.
AMA StyleMichael Kläs, Haruka Nakao, Frank Elberzhager, Jürgen Münch. Support planning and controlling of early quality assurance by combining expert judgment and defect data—a case study. Empirical Software Engineering. 2009; 15 (4):423-454.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMichael Kläs; Haruka Nakao; Frank Elberzhager; Jürgen Münch. 2009. "Support planning and controlling of early quality assurance by combining expert judgment and defect data—a case study." Empirical Software Engineering 15, no. 4: 423-454.