In recent years, renewable energy sources have played an increasingly important role in potential energy production. The integration of renewable energy technologies into existing national energy system has therefore become a major challenge for many countries. Due to the importance of this matter, this paper deals with the comprehensive analysis for implementation of a power plant on biomass (straw). The analysis is conducted regarding several key indicators: availability of biomass, regulation, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, location, land use, electricity price and social impacts. The analysis also includes favorable price for electricity produced from biomass relevant to national feed in tariffs. In order to demonstrate all above mentioned indicators, the region in Serbia (Province of Vojvodina) with significant potential in biomass, especially in straw, is selected. The results of the analysis are validated trough environmental and social aspects. Special attention is given to identifying risks for this application.

The aim of this paper is to analyze and explore the most suitable energy policy instruments for energy efficiency improvement in Serbia. The analysis has been carried out with a focus on energy indicators for Serbia and EU27. It encompasses a period of twenty-two years and is directed towards the consideration of amendments that need to be made in the National Energy Efficiency Policy. Despite constant attempts to improve and increase energy efficiency and to expand utilization of renewable energy sources, it seems that accomplished results are still very modest. The comparative analysis of the situation in the area of energy efficiency in Serbia and in the EU takes into consideration deficiencies in the energy policy in Serbia and proposed measures for overcoming them. The Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis method is used for analyzing the extent of key influences on success in the implementation of energy efficiency policy in Serbia and also for the interpretation of results. The analysis shows that identified energy policy instruments are such that the success in their implementation will depend on a reformed institutional approach. This method can be applied in any other country.

The research on Bus Fleet Management (BFM) has undergone significant changes. It is unclear whether these changes are accepted as technological change or as a paradigm shift. Perhaps unintentionally, BFM is still perceived as routing and scheduling by some, and by others as maintenance and replacement strategy. Therefore, the authors conducted a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to overview the existing concepts and school of thoughts about how stakeholders perceive the BFM. The SLR post-study exposed that BFM should be acknowledged as a multi-realm system rather than a uniform dimension of fulfilling timely service. Nonetheless, the work encapsulates BFM evolution which shows the need for the multi-realm research abstracted as "Bus Fleet Mobility Management" and "Bus Fleet Asset Management". The difficulties of transport agencies and their ability to switch from conventional to Zero-Emission Buses (ZEBs) illustrates why we propose such an agenda, by which the research is validated through needs both in academia and in practice.

There is a global consensus relevant to consequences of inactivity on the mitigation of negative effects of the climate change. Clear tasks with measurable results that should be implemented in the specified time are also well known. The preparation of an energy policy is faced with strict constraints that require innovative approach throughout the whole cycle of policy making process, whereas particular attention has to be given to its implementation. Globally observed, energy efficiency is the best and the fastest way to reduce GHG emissions in the medium term. Energy efficiency should be observed as the means for curbing the exploitation of natural resources. The increase of energy efficiency towards the point of theoretical maximum requires new technical improvements and the establishment of economic environments that stimulate such a trend. In this paper, technical and economic potentials of energy efficiency are evaluated. Also, activities for the correction of energy policies are specified in order to achieve faster and better effects on lowering exhaustion of natural resources and reducing GHG emissions.

Modelling of a complex district heating system by increasing the energy system efficiency and by reducing emissions through the implementation of new and low carbon technologies is presented. One of these technologies is cogeneration which is used to increase energy efficiency and to reduce CO2 emissions. Presented model uses linear programming as a basis for mathematical modelling of the energy system. The mathematical calculation is set pragmatically, so it can be efficiently and reliably used to assess the impact of most important parameters on the efficiency of the regional energy system. The model analyzes the effects of integration of cogeneration into the existing energy system using a given goal function. The basic criterion is set to be the reduction of environmental impact. The model is successfully tested on the complex district heating system with the power of about 600 MW.

Global electricity consumption reached 28197 TWh in 2022 and it is expected to rise to 64513 TWh by 2050, reflecting estimated annual growth rate of 3%. This paper evaluates ten electricity generation technologies ? coal, natural gas, hydro, solar photovoltaic, wind, nuclear, geothermal, biomass, biogas, and wave & tidal ? each contributing uniquely to global energy production. Despite notable advancements in clean energy technologies, including renewables and nuclear power, global GHG emissions continue to increase. The focus of this paper is to propose strategies for constructing new power plants while decommissioning old ones to achieve near carbon neutrality by 2050. Various shares of renewable and nuclear energy in total electricity production are modeled. The analysis examines GHG emissions, required capacity for each technology, decommissioning costs of old infrastructure, investment requirements for new plants, and land requirements for their construction. Findings indicate that proposed scenarios are feasible but require more aggressive measures to limit global temperature rise to manageable levels. By simulating diverse strategies, policymakers can better understand potential impacts and make informed decisions regarding necessary changes. Increasing the share of renewable energy, supported by nuclear power, emerges as the primary pathway to achieve carbon neutrality target by 2050. This analysis adopts a global perspective with a transparent model design that allows easy adaptation other contexts.