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This paper presents the methodology for the implementation of building typology principles as a tool for the strategic planning of residential building stock energy retrofits on a municipal level in Serbia. Research was conducted under the IEE EPISCOPE (Intelligent Energy Europe EPISCOPE/TABULA project) project with the aim of developing an adequate tool for creating building stock energy retrofit management strategies on a local level. An approach that envisions the diversity and uneven spatial distribution of building stock in smaller scale municipalities and includes statistically relevant sampling of all relevant building types was developed and tested in the pilot project that focused on the city of Vršac. Two options for local typology development were formulated: a top-down approach, which relies on the data from the national typology or other available databases by reducing them to the local level, and a bottom-up approach, which represents a new data gathering and processing method. Both approaches were tested in the pilot project and the results are compared in this paper. From the conclusions of these analyses, a common methodology for the development of local building typologies has been defined. It can be used in the strategic planning of building stock, whether for the purpose of developing local energy action plans (LEAPs) or other purposes internationally.
Dušan Ignjatović; Zeković Bojana; Nataša Ćuković Ignjatović; Ljiljana Đukanović; Ana Radivojević; Aleksandar Rajčić. Methodology for Residential Building Stock Refurbishment Planning—Development of Local Building Typologies. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4262 .
AMA StyleDušan Ignjatović, Zeković Bojana, Nataša Ćuković Ignjatović, Ljiljana Đukanović, Ana Radivojević, Aleksandar Rajčić. Methodology for Residential Building Stock Refurbishment Planning—Development of Local Building Typologies. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (8):4262.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDušan Ignjatović; Zeković Bojana; Nataša Ćuković Ignjatović; Ljiljana Đukanović; Ana Radivojević; Aleksandar Rajčić. 2021. "Methodology for Residential Building Stock Refurbishment Planning—Development of Local Building Typologies." Sustainability 13, no. 8: 4262.
Multi-storey business-residential and residential buildings have been increasingly present in Belgrade since 1900 and testify to its accelerated modernisation. In the period before the WWI, the basic types of multi-family residential buildings were developed and characteristic forms of building assemblies and spatial organisation of apartments were formed. As builders were educated in Central European centres (Pest, Vienna, Munich, Aachen, Berlin and Zurich), the types of assemblies and apartments were created according to their influence. After the war, in addition to the old generation of architects, the younger generation, educated at the Architectural Department of the Technical Faculty in Belgrade, is also active, which contributes to a greater variety of solutions and the influence of other European centres (Prague and Paris). Through the analysis, examples from the period 1900-14 and 1918-41 are considered and compared to define the basic types of building shapes, assemblies and spatial organization of apartments. The research confirms the thesis on the continuity of development and application of the same basic types of buildings and spatial organisation of apartments in both periods. The thesis of continuous use of masonry construction for making walls in both periods was also confirmed, while the use of modern material, reinforced concrete, and semi-prefabricated Herbst construction was established during the third and fourth decades of the 20th century.
Mirjana Roter-Blagojević; Ljiljana Đukanović. Belgrade housing modernisation in the first half of 20th century: Transformation of spatial concept, construction and materialization of multy-story residential buildings. Arhitektura i urbanizam 2020, 46 -71.
AMA StyleMirjana Roter-Blagojević, Ljiljana Đukanović. Belgrade housing modernisation in the first half of 20th century: Transformation of spatial concept, construction and materialization of multy-story residential buildings. Arhitektura i urbanizam. 2020; (51):46-71.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMirjana Roter-Blagojević; Ljiljana Đukanović. 2020. "Belgrade housing modernisation in the first half of 20th century: Transformation of spatial concept, construction and materialization of multy-story residential buildings." Arhitektura i urbanizam , no. 51: 46-71.
Međuratni period karakterišu ubrzana urbanizacija grada i veliki obim stambene izgradnje, koja i pored toga nije mogla da odgovori na visoku potražnju stanova, usled naglog povećanja broja stanovnika. Građeni su luksuzni veliki stanovi, u zgradama od čvrstog materijala, i mali dvorišni stanovi u trošnim kućama, za siromašno radničko stanovništvo. U radu su istražena građevinska dostignuća i tehnike građenja koje su primenjivane u stambenoj arhitekturi Beograda u međuratnom periodu, kada je fokus bio na solidno građenim zgradama koje i danas čine stambeni fond grada. Ovaj period predstavlja nastavak primene zidova zidanih opekom kao dominantnim materijalom, a najviše promena i inovativnih rešenja pokazalo se i primenilo na međuspratnim konstrukcijama te je njihov razvoj bio progresivan iskorak u rešavanju konstruktivnih elemenata. Novinu u građenju predstavlja veća upotreba armiranog betona, prevashodno u izradi međuspratnih konstrukcija i temelja, dok opeka i dalje ostaje jedini materijal za izradu zidova. Između dva rata znatno se unapređuje tehnička regulativa naročito usvajanjem Građevinskog zakona 1931. godine. Rad je deo šireg i vremenski obuhvatnijeg istraživanja tehnika građenja u stambenoj arhitekturi Beograda, sprovedenog za potrebe definisanja tipologije sklopova elemenata konstrukcije, s ciljem da se valorizuje kvalitet stambenog komfora beogradskih zgrada. masivni zidani sklop; armirani beton; međuspratna konstrukcija
Ljiljana S. Đukanović. Construction techniques and development of civil engineering industry in the interwar Belgrade residential architecture. Nasledje 2019, 69 -87.
AMA StyleLjiljana S. Đukanović. Construction techniques and development of civil engineering industry in the interwar Belgrade residential architecture. Nasledje. 2019; (20):69-87.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLjiljana S. Đukanović. 2019. "Construction techniques and development of civil engineering industry in the interwar Belgrade residential architecture." Nasledje , no. 20: 69-87.
By harmonizing national legislation to European codes concerning energy efficiency in building sector, Serbia took commitment to improve energy efficiency of national government buildings. Following the Directive 2012/27/EU principles, refurbishment of this part of building stock is recognized as a leading example in long-therm process of applying energy efficiency regulations at national level. Initial steps in implementation of adopted energy efficiency principles were made in Serbia during 2015, when first energy certificates for three most valuable buildings of national authorities (Government building, The National Assembly, and the Palace of Serbia) were issued. This paper will present results obtained during energy-assessment and energy-certification process of this particular buildings, showing at the same time their specificity, that pretty much traces possible category and range of proposed energy refurbishment scenarios.
Milica Đ. Jovanović-Popović; Ljiljana S. Đukanović; Miloš R. Nedić. Energy refurbishment of public buildings under cultural heritage protection in Serbia: Constraints and potentials. Thermal Science 2018, 22, 1285 -1296.
AMA StyleMilica Đ. Jovanović-Popović, Ljiljana S. Đukanović, Miloš R. Nedić. Energy refurbishment of public buildings under cultural heritage protection in Serbia: Constraints and potentials. Thermal Science. 2018; 22 (Suppl. 4):1285-1296.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMilica Đ. Jovanović-Popović; Ljiljana S. Đukanović; Miloš R. Nedić. 2018. "Energy refurbishment of public buildings under cultural heritage protection in Serbia: Constraints and potentials." Thermal Science 22, no. Suppl. 4: 1285-1296.
Following the guidance set by the Directive on the energy performance of buildings (recast) (EPBD2), current regulations in Serbia which refer to the issue of energy efficiency and energy certification of buildings provides an opportunity of certification of selected unit of a building, such as a dwelling. This measure was set in order to make it possible for owners or tenants of the building or the building unit to assess and compare its energy performance. From the user?s perspective this measure is very important since, apart from reviewing the quality or the deficiencies of space in which they live, it would be an important parameter of economic evaluation of the apartment in the future. As energy performance of the apartment is not a priori identical to that of the whole building, the paper will analyze and compare these values for different positions in a horizontal and vertical plan of the same apartment within the building. Comparison of the results obtained for individual dwellings and for a building as a whole, will provide insight into the extent to which the disposition and the orientation of the apartment affect its energy performance.
Aleksandar N. Rajčić; Ljiljana S. Đukanović; Ana P. Radivojević. E(nergy) p(erformance) c(ertificate) of buildings and dwellings: Influence of disposition and orientation. Thermal Science 2018, 22, 1129 -1141.
AMA StyleAleksandar N. Rajčić, Ljiljana S. Đukanović, Ana P. Radivojević. E(nergy) p(erformance) c(ertificate) of buildings and dwellings: Influence of disposition and orientation. Thermal Science. 2018; 22 (Suppl. 4):1129-1141.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAleksandar N. Rajčić; Ljiljana S. Đukanović; Ana P. Radivojević. 2018. "E(nergy) p(erformance) c(ertificate) of buildings and dwellings: Influence of disposition and orientation." Thermal Science 22, no. Suppl. 4: 1129-1141.
Ana Radivojević; Mirjana Roter-Blagojević; Ljiljana Đukanović. Sustainability and the material aspect of traditional residential buildings in Serbia. Materials for a Healthy, Ecological and Sustainable Built Environment 2017, 239 -254.
AMA StyleAna Radivojević, Mirjana Roter-Blagojević, Ljiljana Đukanović. Sustainability and the material aspect of traditional residential buildings in Serbia. Materials for a Healthy, Ecological and Sustainable Built Environment. 2017; ():239-254.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Radivojević; Mirjana Roter-Blagojević; Ljiljana Đukanović. 2017. "Sustainability and the material aspect of traditional residential buildings in Serbia." Materials for a Healthy, Ecological and Sustainable Built Environment , no. : 239-254.
Due to the radical political, economic and social changes of the 19th century Belgrade saw a complete transformation from a ruined Ottoman town into a modern European one. Liberation from Turkish rule and stabilisation of political and economic conditions influenced the population growth and intensified building activity. Like other European capitals, Belgrade was being transformed architecturally and in its urban plan, gradually losing traits of an Oriental town. The adoption of new building techniques in the 19th century was a way for local civil engineering to harmonise with engineering practices of the developed Central European countries which had by then already adopted masonry structure. The article studies the transition in building forms from Oriental ones, largely charatcterised by timber-framed systems, to a brick-based construction system. This paper is part of a wider, more comprehensive research on building techniques in Belgrade’s residential architecture, undertaken to define the typology of construction systems, in order to evaluate the quality of residential comfort in the buildings of Belgrade.
Ljiljana Djukanovic. Development of construction techniques in residential architecture of Belgrade during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Nasledje 2017, 49 -63.
AMA StyleLjiljana Djukanovic. Development of construction techniques in residential architecture of Belgrade during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Nasledje. 2017; (18):49-63.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLjiljana Djukanovic. 2017. "Development of construction techniques in residential architecture of Belgrade during the 19th and early 20th centuries." Nasledje , no. 18: 49-63.
Ljiljana Đukanović; Ana Radivojević; Aleksandar Rajčić. Potentials and limitations for energy refurbishment of multi-family residential buildings built in Belgrade before the World War One. Energy and Buildings 2016, 115, 112 -120.
AMA StyleLjiljana Đukanović, Ana Radivojević, Aleksandar Rajčić. Potentials and limitations for energy refurbishment of multi-family residential buildings built in Belgrade before the World War One. Energy and Buildings. 2016; 115 ():112-120.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLjiljana Đukanović; Ana Radivojević; Aleksandar Rajčić. 2016. "Potentials and limitations for energy refurbishment of multi-family residential buildings built in Belgrade before the World War One." Energy and Buildings 115, no. : 112-120.