In 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) named the anti-vaccine movement one of the top 10 global health threats. This trend has shown that it can diminish public faith in government and increase public distrust of scientific results in the health sector, including the use of the COVID-19 vaccine. The purpose of this study is to examine the anti-vaccine movement on Twitter social media platform, which uses Hashtag to protest vaccination regulations in the COVID-19 pandemic. The content analysis, relationship analysis, and word cloud analysis models were used in this study, which used a descriptive qualitative approach. The primary data source for this study is Hashtag, which are used to focus on three aspects. First, establish which information in Brazil, the United States, and Indonesia leads the anti-vaccine COVID-19 narrative. Second, how does the Hashtag link between each country work? Third, which narrative dominates the use of Hashtag in each of the three countries? According to the findings of this study, in Brazil, 69.2% of Twitter Hashtag associated to the COVID-19 vaccination were negative, compared to 59.4% in the USA and 62.8% in Indonesia. In general, the Hashtag used in the three countries to oppose COVID-19 vaccination policies have a clear and significant relationship. In Brazil, the Hashtag #covidiots was the most popular, while in the United States, #covivaccine was the most popular, and in Indonesia, #antivaccine was the most popular.

This paper aims to find out the media narrative in responding to cases in Palestine and Israel. This study used a qualitative approach with descriptive methods to explain social media narratives. In addition, this study used Qualitative Data Analysis Software (Q-DAS). These methods utilized analysis software to find the score from the social media data. The software analysis used was Nvivo 12 Plus application. The results obtained include: first, the narrative raised by the media in Indonesia is to support Palestine against Israel. Second, social media relation tends to use dominating hashtags to share the information on Palestine’s issues against Israel. The third narrative about Palestine and Israel supports the Palestinian protest and resistance (victims) homeland and freedom of Palestine and Al-Quds. This research focuses on social media to see the phenomena and analyze the parts based on social media data. Since this research is still limited on Twitter, it is recommended for further studies to accommodate the news background as part of the data.

This study aims to present a history of city branding: hyper-competition, challenges, and opportunities for improvement. The method used in this study used qualitative with a literature study approach. The findings in the study showed that in understanding the place and building city branding, there are at least three processes first through urban governance planning or infrastructure, then observation by looking at other places in the city branding. Finally, branding representation on social media is in the form of websites and tweets through news, while Instagram is through branding images from somewhere and several other media. Furthermore, City branding can be hyper-competition, showing that business competition is increasing. On the other hand, it can be a challenge and an opportunity considering that many cities have reimagined their competitive strategies by maximizing their internal potential, namely existing resources, to take opportunities and anticipate the threats faced. The contribution of this study provides an understanding of measurements in the city branding literature, helps researchers discover new studies, and can interpret the complex nature of cities. Another thing is that closing the gap between theory and practice presents a huge challenge for brands.