Widespread interference of human activities has resulted in major environmental problems, including pollution, global warming, land degradation, and biodiversity loss, directly affecting the sustainability and quality of the environment and ecosystem. The study aims to address the impact of the extraction of natural resources and globalization on the environmental quality in the South Asian countries for the period 1991–2018. A new methodology Dynamic Common Correlated Effects is used to deal with cross-sectional dependence. Most previous studies use only carbon dioxide emissions, which is an inadequate measure of environmental quality. Besides carbon dioxide emissions, we have used other greenhouse gas emissions like nitrous oxide and methane emissions with a new indicator, “ecological footprint”. Long-run estimation results indicate a positive and significant relationship of natural resources with all greenhouse gas emissions and a negative association with the ecological footprint. Globalization shows a negative association with carbon dioxide emissions and nitrous oxide emissions and a positive relationship with the ecological footprint. Institutional performance is negatively correlated with carbon dioxide emissions, methane emissions, and ecological footprint while positively associated with nitrous oxide emissions. The overall findings highlight the pertinence of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and ecological footprint, proper utilizing of natural resources, enhancing globalization, and improving institutional performance to ensure environmental sustainability.

Over the last few years, international criminal law has included an internationally recognized definition of the crime of aggression. One may sight the respective portion from part two (jurisdiction, admissibility and applicable laws) article 08 of the respective document. The purpose of this research represents the historical background of individual criminal responsibility under international law and the concept of individual criminal accountability for the crimes falling under the ambit of international criminal law committed by persons. Whereas the idea of how an individual could be brought to justice, for one of the core crimes of ICC's statutes, i.e., crime of aggression, was recently adopted and envisaged into Rome statutes, after the Kampala conference 2010. The concept of individual criminal responsibility for the crime of aggression faced many difficulties in at-least adopting its proper definition, which was leftover for future when Rome statue was formulated. To keep pace, this concept needs further evolution. Such an evolution demands such a condition wherein while granting the characteristics of adaptability with the contextual conditions and principles of criminal law. This article explores the anatomy of the crime of aggression and highlights issues that remain to be resolved.

This article aims to conduct an implicative analysis of women's rights from a legal perspective in Pakistan, viewed from an international perspective. The study analyzes the laws and regulations in place in Pakistan related to women's rights and evaluates their effectiveness in upholding these rights. The study also compares Pakistan's laws on women's rights with international human rights standards and conventions. Additionally, the current state of women's rights in Pakistan is analyzed, including the challenges and barriers women face and the efforts to address these issues. Despite several domestic and international laws, flaws that endanger women continue to exist in this modern era. When the Pakistani community is considered, the situations are worse, especially in tribal and agency areas, Baluchistan, and southern Punjab. Although Pakistan has ratified all the international conventions and treaties, besides the implications of the teachings and preaching of Islam, the situation still needs improvement. This review article will look at women's rights in Pakistan from an international perspective by comparing Islamic and western ideas using a descriptive approach. The paper concludes that an implicative analysis of women's rights from a legal perspective is crucial for understanding and improving women's rights in a given country.

Evolutions of humankind and crime have almost similar besides the human efforts to ensure a peaceful social setup. Still, despite intensive efforts, the eradication of crimes from the communities of this world could not be made possible. The ancient history of legislation from the Stone Age till to date is also a shred of evidence that from the code of Hammurabi - Babylon times to Ten Commandments, from Megna Carta to the Universal declaration of human rights, frequent conventions and implications of public as well as international private law were the part of accomplishing the desired goals but in vain. Still, unfortunately, what could not achieve the desired results by having implications of the adopted approaches introduced and implicated as Classical, Neoclassical, and Positivist theories. Crimes enhance social vulnerability. This study will explore the reality of how criminals have become brawny as a threat to peace and security in the modern world and how they can overcome the situation with the practical implication of criminological theories. This study will also explore whether criminological approaches are sufficient or if any additional legislation or reformed practice is needed to attain the desired rehabilitative errands for sustainable development goals.

As a result of the world's reliance on the blue economy, approximately 80 to 90% of commerce is marine; we cannot lament the Maritime’s interlinking associations with joint stability, social governance, and sustainable development, even in the least environment. There are robust links between maritime laws and community governance. These relationships are concerned with both socioeconomic and sociopolitical stability. Despite regular legislation to protect marine interests, challenges still need to be solved, which can only be accomplished via collaborative governance subject to maritime security. It is well-known that the blue economy, closely related to marine safety, is a source for assuring economic strength. This research aims to conduct a descriptive evaluation using a qualitative technique to highlight the concerns and challenges of naval legislation involving social control. This review will explicitly discuss the possible measures to overcome and eradicate the existing flaws by making suggestions to ensure communal management for desired outcomes regarding sustainable development goals, as well as strapping and long-term improvement of the socioeconomic and sociopolitical affairs between the states. This research will also discuss potential measurements and methods for determining desirable results for present requirements and future demands for altering Pakistani society to achieve long-term development objectives.