The world’s demand for electricity will double by 2050. Despite its high potential as an eco-friendly technology for generating electricity, solar energy only covers a small percentage of the global demand. One of the challenges is associated with the sustainable use of land resources. Floating PV (FPV) plants on water bodies such as a dam, reservoir, canal, etc. are being increasingly developed worldwide as an alternative choice. In this background, the purpose of this research is to provide an outline of the hybrid floating solar system, which can be used to generate renewable energy. The hybrid technologies discussed include: FPV + hydro systems, FPV + pumped hydro, FPV + wave energy converter, FPV + solar tree, FPV + tracking, FPV + conventional power, FPV + hydrogen. The review also summarizes the key benefits and constraints of floating solar PV (FPV) in hybrid operation. Among the various hybrid FPV technologies, with solar input and hydro energy were among the most promising methods that could be potentially used for efficient power generation. The valuable concepts presented in this work provide a better understanding and may ignite sustainable hybrid floating installations for socio-economic growth with less environmental impact.

The fast spread of antibiotic‐resistant bacteria has prompted scientists to investigate alternate techniques to tackle infectious illnesses. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have appeared as a favorable route for creating novel antibacterial agents in this area. This article seeks to provide a concise review of MOFs as a prospective candidate in the fight against bacterial contamination and the mechanism involved in disinfection. The structural features of MOFs that contribute to their antibacterial activity are reviewed. Also, it comparatively analyzes the various commonly used MOFs in antibacterial applications in facemasks and discusses the challenges and future recommendations to increase the efficiency of the antibacterial activity. It also briefs down the mechanism, commonly available MOFs and the scope of the MOFs in antibacterial applications.

The reliance on grid electricity generated from fossil fuels in many countries continues to contribute to annual CO₂ emissions. Implementing renewable energy systems helps reduce the carbon footprint and enhances local grid stability, particularly in areas with high demand where power outages are frequent. This study used the Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Energy Resources (HOMER) software to determine the most cost-effective composition of a Hybrid Renewable Energy System (HRES). Simulation results indicate that a system comprising a 3007 PV array, two 1.5 MW wind turbines, and a 1927 kW converter is most suitable. Combining solar panels and wind turbines remains the most economically feasible option for on-site electricity production. The study demonstrates that installing a hybrid renewable energy system is viable on an academic campus, with an initial investment cost of US $6.58 million and yearly operational costs of US $1.38 million, which is 40.8% lower than the current system. The project payback time is estimated to be 10.11 years. These findings may be used to recommend similar systems in other regions with comparable climatic conditions. The positive monetary effects may incentivize policymakers to implement comparable systems, contributing to a carbon-neutral goal.