Reservoir engineering plays a critical role in achieving rational water resource allocation, providing ecological services, and promoting regional development. However, in the formulation of water allocation plans, there is often a tendency to prioritize meeting regional water demand while overlooking ecological benefits. This study develops a multi-objective water allocation model based on evaluating ecosystem services value supply and demand, integrating indicators such as ecosystem service fulfillment ability, water resources fulfillment ability, and equilibrium operation degree. Different development scenarios are also established using a forecasting model to formulate water allocation plans and apply a case study of the Datun Reservoir, a key hub on the eastern route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China. This study demonstrates that (1) by optimizing the allocation of domestic and industrial water supply and reservoir storage, the overall ecosystem service value of the Datun Reservoir can be enhanced by 5.15% to 11.36% and (2) in scenarios of high economic growth, there is potential to achieve coordination between water supply and ecosystem service value. (3) However, lower-than-expected economic growth may lead to a trade-off between ecosystem services and water supply capacity in the reservoir, which could be maintained at a lower level. The methods proposed in this paper are of significant practical importance for guiding rational reservoir water allocation and achieving coordination between ecological services and water supply capacity.

Information asymmetry is widespread in the P2P online lending market, creating an imbalance in the position of lenders and borrowers. This paper aims to expand the process of information exchange between lenders and borrowers by analyzing the link between soft information such as borrowers’ loan descriptions and lending outcomes. Based on the transaction data of the ‘Renrendai’ platform, this paper analyzed the linguistic features and extracted the content of loan descriptions using a latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) theme model. To further explore the value of loan descriptions in predicting lending success, this paper conducts a prediction study based on a support vector machine model. It is found that: lenders focus on effective information in the loan descriptions, the linguistic complexity affects the transaction, with simple and direct statements being more favorable; the content for building a good personal image of the borrower will significantly contribute to the lending success. In the prediction study section, it is demonstrated that loan descriptions’ language feature indicators can improve prediction accuracy. This paper uncovers the importance of loan descriptions in online lending transactions, which has implications in assisting lenders’ investment judgments, as well as in platform information system improvements.

Digitalization is reshaping environmental governance by enabling real-time data collection, information sharing, and coordinated regulatory action. However, how heterogeneous enterprise digitalization modes, compliance-oriented digitalization, and deep digitalization affect multi-actor digital collaborative governance for carbon mitigation and pollution reduction remain underexplored. This study develops a tripartite evolutionary game model involving the government, enterprises, and the public. The model distinguishes enterprises’ digitalization modes and examines how government digital regulation, enterprise carbon mitigation and pollution reduction strategies, and public participation co-evolve under different cost–benefit conditions. Through numerical simulations and theoretical analysis, the study identifies critical factors of stakeholders’ strategies and proposes possible evolution paths for digital collaborative governance. The results show that (1) the system can evolve toward an ideal stable equilibrium: government digital regulation, enterprise carbon mitigation and pollution reduction, and active public participation; there is a high probability that enterprises will adopt a deep level of digitalization. (2) Subsidies for deep digitalization can increase the probability of enterprise deep digitalization, but excessive subsidies may increase fiscal pressure and destabilize government digital regulation. Compared with subsidy intensity, the additional benefits of digital collaborative governance accruing to enterprises are more important in promoting the transition from compliance-oriented to deep digitalization. (3) Public participation and government digital regulation both contribute to the stability of digital collaborative governance. Higher public participation significantly accelerates system convergence, while government digital regulation remains sustainable when digital collaborative governance benefits can offset construction and operating costs. These findings clarify the conditional logic of digital collaborative governance and offer actionable policy implications.

Rapid urban expansion has intensified regional human-land conflicts and ecological risks. This study examines the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration the key urban cluster development areas in China, using multi-source spatial data and integrated modeling approaches, including the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) and Patch-level Land Use Simulation (PLUS) models, to analyze land use changes from 2000 to 2020 and assess ecosystem service dynamics for 2010–2020, and project future land use patterns under three development scenarios for 2030 and 2060. The results suggest that: (1) conversion of cropland to construction land is primarily associated with land use changes, with over 3,000 km ² transformed during 2000–2005, resulting in landscape fragmentation and ecosystem service degradation; (2) distinct driving factors are associated with different land types, cropland dynamics respond to both slope constraints and socio-economic factors, construction land expansion correlates strongly with population growth, while forest/grassland distribution follows natural determinants; and (3) scenario analysis projects that continuing current trends would expand construction land by 9,000 km ² by 2060, associated with substantial carbon storage decline, whereas ecological priority scenarios may substantially mitigate these risks. This research provides valuable insights for balancing ecological conservation and urban development in rapidly urbanizing regions.

Water conservation, as a critical ecosystem service, plays a vital role in maintaining regional water resources balance. Against the backdrop of rapid urbanization, the expansion of construction land has intensified the encroachment on ecological spaces, posing significant challenges to water resource carrying capacity. From a supply–demand perspective, this study employs the InVEST model and integrates multi-source data including meteorological and socio-economic datasets to construct models of water conservation supply and demand. Furthermore, spatial analysis methods are applied to examine the evolution of water resource carrying capacity in Gansu Province—a key region within the Yellow River Basin—from 2000 to 2020. The results indicate the following: (1) through desertification control, unused land has been progressively restored to grassland, yet continuous urban expansion has substantially encroached upon surrounding plowland and grassland; (2) the spatial pattern of water conservation supply exhibits a “high in the south and west, low in the north and east” distribution, with the maximum value per pixel increasing from 7.89 × 10⁵ m³ to 8.15 × 10⁵ m³. Overall, water resource carrying capacity has generally declined, with intensified pressure in central cities such as Lanzhou, while some improvement is observed in forested areas of the south; and (3) cold spots in the western Qilian Mountains have expanded toward the Hexi Corridor, reflecting significant spatial changes and indicating ecological degradation. Urbanization has markedly exacerbated regional imbalances in water resource carrying capacity, providing a scientific basis for water–ecological risk management in arid regions.