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During the initial months of the COVID-19 pandemic, farmers worldwide were greatly affected by disruptions in the food chain. In 2020, São Paulo city experienced most of the effects of the pandemic in Brazil, with 15,587 deaths through December 2020. Here, we describe the impacts of COVID-19 on urban agriculture (UA) in São Paulo from April to August 2020. We analyzed two governmental surveys of 2100 farmers from São Paulo state and 148 from São Paulo city and two qualitative surveys of volunteers from ten community gardens and seven urban farmers. Our data showed that 50% of the farmers were impacted by the pandemic with drops in sales, especially those that depended on intermediaries. Some farmers in the city adapted to novel sales channels, but 22% claimed that obtaining inputs became difficult. No municipal support was provided to UA in São Paulo, and pre-existing issues were exacerbated. Work on community gardens decreased, but no garden permanently closed. Post COVID-19, UA will have the challenge of maintaining local food chains established during the pandemic. Due to the increase in the price of inputs and the lack of technical assistance, governmental efforts should be implemented to support UA.
André Biazoti; Angélica Nakamura; Gustavo Nagib; Vitória Leão; Giulia Giacchè; Thais Mauad. The Impact of COVID-19 on Urban Agriculture in São Paulo, Brazil. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6185 .
AMA StyleAndré Biazoti, Angélica Nakamura, Gustavo Nagib, Vitória Leão, Giulia Giacchè, Thais Mauad. The Impact of COVID-19 on Urban Agriculture in São Paulo, Brazil. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):6185.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndré Biazoti; Angélica Nakamura; Gustavo Nagib; Vitória Leão; Giulia Giacchè; Thais Mauad. 2021. "The Impact of COVID-19 on Urban Agriculture in São Paulo, Brazil." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 6185.
RESUMO A Agricultura Urbana (AU) tem sido apontada, mais recentemente, como elemento importante nos discursos e nas práticas que visam à segurança alimentar urbana. O presente artigo procurou discutir a produção agrícola do Município de São Paulo (MSP) e seu escoamento, considerando a diversidade de perfis que a AU pode assumir. Para tal, foi avaliada a produção agrícola em bases de dados oficiais. No que se refere à comercialização, foram coletadas informações em sete entrevistas semiestruturadas com agricultores do MSP entre 2018 e 2020. Os principais resultados encontrados indicam que houve um crescimento das práticas agropecuárias no município, acessando uma ampla variedade de canais de comercialização. A abertura de novos mercados, o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas e o reconhecimento público foram essenciais para o crescimento da agricultura no MSP.
André Ruoppolo Biazoti; Vitória Oliveira P. de Souza Leão; Rafael Junqueira Buralli; Thais Mauad. Agricultura urbana no município de São Paulo: considerações sobre produção e comercialização. Estudos Avançados 2021, 35, 189 -208.
AMA StyleAndré Ruoppolo Biazoti, Vitória Oliveira P. de Souza Leão, Rafael Junqueira Buralli, Thais Mauad. Agricultura urbana no município de São Paulo: considerações sobre produção e comercialização. Estudos Avançados. 2021; 35 (101):189-208.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndré Ruoppolo Biazoti; Vitória Oliveira P. de Souza Leão; Rafael Junqueira Buralli; Thais Mauad. 2021. "Agricultura urbana no município de São Paulo: considerações sobre produção e comercialização." Estudos Avançados 35, no. 101: 189-208.
Background Pulmonary involvement in COVID-19 is characterized pathologically by diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) and thrombosis, leading to the clinical picture of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. The direct action of SARS-CoV-2 in lung cells and the dysregulated immuno-coagulative pathways activated in ARDS influence pulmonary involvement in severe COVID, that might be modulated by disease duration and individual factors. In this study we assessed the proportions of different lung pathology patterns in severe COVID-19 patients along the disease evolution and individual characteristics. Methods We analysed lung tissue from 41 COVID-19 patients that died in the period March–June 2020 and were submitted to a minimally invasive autopsy. Eight pulmonary regions were sampled. Pulmonary pathologists analysed the H&E stained slides, performing semiquantitative scores on the following parameters: exudative, intermediate or advanced DAD, bronchopneumonia, alveolar haemorrhage, infarct (%), arteriolar (number) or capillary thrombosis (yes/no). Histopathological data were correlated with demographic-clinical variables and periods of symptoms-hospital stay. Results Patient´s age varied from 22 to 88 years (18f/23 m), with hospital admission varying from 0 to 40 days. All patients had different proportions of DAD in their biopsies. Ninety percent of the patients presented pulmonary microthrombosis. The proportion of exudative DAD was higher in the period 0–8 days of hospital admission till death, whereas advanced DAD was higher after 17 days of hospital admission. In the group of patients that died within eight days of hospital admission, elderly patients had less proportion of the exudative pattern and increased proportions of the intermediate patterns. Obese patients had lower proportion of advanced DAD pattern in their biopsies, and lower than patients with overweight. Clustering analysis showed that patterns of vascular lesions (microthrombosis, infarction) clustered together, but not the other patterns. The vascular pattern was not influenced by demographic or clinical parameters, including time of disease progression. Conclusion Patients with severe COVID-19 present different proportions of DAD patterns over time, with advanced DAD being more prevalent after 17 days, which seems to be influenced by age and weight. Vascular involvement is present in a large proportion of patients, occurs early in disease progression, and does not change over time.
Thais Mauad; Amaro Nunes Duarte-Neto; Luiz Fernando Ferraz da Silva; Ellen Pierre de Oliveira; Jose Mara de Brito; Ellen Caroline Toledo Do Nascimento; Renata Aparecida De Almeida Monteiro; Juliana Carvalho Ferreira; Carlos Roberto Ribeiro de Carvalho; Paulo Hilário Do Nascimento Saldiva; Marisa Dolhnikoff. Tracking the time course of pathological patterns of lung injury in severe COVID-19. Respiratory Research 2021, 22, 1 -11.
AMA StyleThais Mauad, Amaro Nunes Duarte-Neto, Luiz Fernando Ferraz da Silva, Ellen Pierre de Oliveira, Jose Mara de Brito, Ellen Caroline Toledo Do Nascimento, Renata Aparecida De Almeida Monteiro, Juliana Carvalho Ferreira, Carlos Roberto Ribeiro de Carvalho, Paulo Hilário Do Nascimento Saldiva, Marisa Dolhnikoff. Tracking the time course of pathological patterns of lung injury in severe COVID-19. Respiratory Research. 2021; 22 (1):1-11.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThais Mauad; Amaro Nunes Duarte-Neto; Luiz Fernando Ferraz da Silva; Ellen Pierre de Oliveira; Jose Mara de Brito; Ellen Caroline Toledo Do Nascimento; Renata Aparecida De Almeida Monteiro; Juliana Carvalho Ferreira; Carlos Roberto Ribeiro de Carvalho; Paulo Hilário Do Nascimento Saldiva; Marisa Dolhnikoff. 2021. "Tracking the time course of pathological patterns of lung injury in severe COVID-19." Respiratory Research 22, no. 1: 1-11.
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
Renata Calciolari Rossi; Raquel Annoni; Diogenes Seraphim Ferreira; Luiz Fernando Ferraz Da Silva; Thais Mauad. Correction to: Structural alterations and markers of endothelial activation in pulmonary and bronchial arteries in fatal asthma. Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology 2020, 16, 1 -1.
AMA StyleRenata Calciolari Rossi, Raquel Annoni, Diogenes Seraphim Ferreira, Luiz Fernando Ferraz Da Silva, Thais Mauad. Correction to: Structural alterations and markers of endothelial activation in pulmonary and bronchial arteries in fatal asthma. Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology. 2020; 16 (1):1-1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRenata Calciolari Rossi; Raquel Annoni; Diogenes Seraphim Ferreira; Luiz Fernando Ferraz Da Silva; Thais Mauad. 2020. "Correction to: Structural alterations and markers of endothelial activation in pulmonary and bronchial arteries in fatal asthma." Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology 16, no. 1: 1-1.
One increasingly documented tendency of COVID-19 patients is to exhibit neuropsychiatric and neurological symptoms. Here we found that anxiety and cognitive impairment are manifested by 28-56% of COVID-19 convalescent individuals with mild respiratory symptoms and are associated with altered cerebral cortical thickness. Using an independent cohort, we found histopathological signs of brain damage in 25% of individuals who died of COVID-19. All of the affected brain tissue studied exhibited foci of SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication, particularly astrocytes. We also found that neural stem cell-derived human astrocytes in vitro are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection through a mechanism that involves spike-NRP1 interaction. SARS-CoV-2-infected astrocytes manifested changes in energy metabolism and in key proteins and metabolites used to fuel neurons, as well as in the biogenesis of neurotransmitters. Moreover, infection elicits a secretory phenotype that reduces neuronal viability. Our data support the model in which SARS-CoV-2 reaches the brain, infects astrocytes and consequently leads to neuronal death or dysfunction. These deregulated processes are also likely to contribute to the structural and functional alterations seen in the brains of COVID-19 patients.
Fernanda Crunfli; Victor Corasolla Carregari; Flavio Protasio Veras; Pedro Henrique Vendramini; Aline Gazzola Fragnani Valença; André Saraiva Leão Marcelo Antunes; Caroline Brandão-Teles; Giuliana Da Silva Zuccoli; Guilherme Reis-De-Oliveira; Lícia C. Silva-Costa; Verônica Monteiro Saia-Cereda; Bradley Joseph Smith; Ana Campos Codo; Gabriela Fabiano de Souza; Stéfanie Primon Muraro; Pierina Lorencini Parise; Daniel A. Toledo-Teixeira; Ícaro Maia Santos de Castro; Bruno Marcel Silva Melo; Glaucia M. Almeida; Egidi Mayara Silva Firmino; Isadora Marques Paiva; Rafael Elias Marques Pereira Silva; Rafaela Mano Guimarães; Niele D. Mendes; Raíssa Guimarães Ludwig; Gabriel Palermo Ruiz; Thiago Leite Knittel; Gustavo Gastão Davanzo; Jaqueline Aline Gerhardt; Patrícia Brito Rodrigues; Julia Forato; Mariene Ribeiro Amorim; Natália Brunetti Silva; Matheus Cavalheiro Martini; Maíra Nilson Benatti; Sabrina Batah; Li Siyuan; Rafael Batista João; Lucas Scardua Silva; Mateus Henrique Nogueira; Ítalo Karmann Aventurato; Mariana Rabelo de Brito; Marina Koutsodontis Machado Alvim; José Roberto Da Silva Júnior; Lívia Liviane Damião; Maria Ercilia De Paula Castilho Stefano; Iêda Maria Pereira de Sousa; Elessandra Dias da Rocha; Solange Maria Gonçalves; Luiz Henrique Lopes da Silva; Vanessa Bettini; Brunno Machado de Campos; Guilherme Ludwig; Lucas Alves Tavares; Marjorie Cornejo Pontelli; Rosa Maria Mendes Viana; Ronaldo Martins; Andre S. Vieira; José Carlos Alves-Filho; Eurico Arruda; Guilherme Podolski-Gondim; Marcelo Volpon Santos; Luciano Neder; Fernando Cendes; Paulo Louzada-Junior; Renê Donizeti Oliveira; Fernando Queiroz Cunha; André Damásio; Marco Aurélio Ramirez Vinolo; Carolina Demarchi Munhoz; Stevens K. Rehen; Helder I Nakaya; Thais Mauad; Amaro Nunes Duarte-Neto; Luiz Fernando Ferraz da Silva; Marisa Dolhnikoff; Paulo Saldiva; Alessandro S. Farias; Pedro Manoel M. Moraes-Vieira; Alexandre Todorovic Fabro; Adriano S. Sebollela; José Luiz Proença Módena; Clarissa Lin Yasuda; Marcelo A. Mori; Thiago Mattar Cunha; Daniel Martins-De-Souza. SARS-CoV-2 infects brain astrocytes of COVID-19 patients and impairs neuronal viability. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleFernanda Crunfli, Victor Corasolla Carregari, Flavio Protasio Veras, Pedro Henrique Vendramini, Aline Gazzola Fragnani Valença, André Saraiva Leão Marcelo Antunes, Caroline Brandão-Teles, Giuliana Da Silva Zuccoli, Guilherme Reis-De-Oliveira, Lícia C. Silva-Costa, Verônica Monteiro Saia-Cereda, Bradley Joseph Smith, Ana Campos Codo, Gabriela Fabiano de Souza, Stéfanie Primon Muraro, Pierina Lorencini Parise, Daniel A. Toledo-Teixeira, Ícaro Maia Santos de Castro, Bruno Marcel Silva Melo, Glaucia M. Almeida, Egidi Mayara Silva Firmino, Isadora Marques Paiva, Rafael Elias Marques Pereira Silva, Rafaela Mano Guimarães, Niele D. Mendes, Raíssa Guimarães Ludwig, Gabriel Palermo Ruiz, Thiago Leite Knittel, Gustavo Gastão Davanzo, Jaqueline Aline Gerhardt, Patrícia Brito Rodrigues, Julia Forato, Mariene Ribeiro Amorim, Natália Brunetti Silva, Matheus Cavalheiro Martini, Maíra Nilson Benatti, Sabrina Batah, Li Siyuan, Rafael Batista João, Lucas Scardua Silva, Mateus Henrique Nogueira, Ítalo Karmann Aventurato, Mariana Rabelo de Brito, Marina Koutsodontis Machado Alvim, José Roberto Da Silva Júnior, Lívia Liviane Damião, Maria Ercilia De Paula Castilho Stefano, Iêda Maria Pereira de Sousa, Elessandra Dias da Rocha, Solange Maria Gonçalves, Luiz Henrique Lopes da Silva, Vanessa Bettini, Brunno Machado de Campos, Guilherme Ludwig, Lucas Alves Tavares, Marjorie Cornejo Pontelli, Rosa Maria Mendes Viana, Ronaldo Martins, Andre S. Vieira, José Carlos Alves-Filho, Eurico Arruda, Guilherme Podolski-Gondim, Marcelo Volpon Santos, Luciano Neder, Fernando Cendes, Paulo Louzada-Junior, Renê Donizeti Oliveira, Fernando Queiroz Cunha, André Damásio, Marco Aurélio Ramirez Vinolo, Carolina Demarchi Munhoz, Stevens K. Rehen, Helder I Nakaya, Thais Mauad, Amaro Nunes Duarte-Neto, Luiz Fernando Ferraz da Silva, Marisa Dolhnikoff, Paulo Saldiva, Alessandro S. Farias, Pedro Manoel M. Moraes-Vieira, Alexandre Todorovic Fabro, Adriano S. Sebollela, José Luiz Proença Módena, Clarissa Lin Yasuda, Marcelo A. Mori, Thiago Mattar Cunha, Daniel Martins-De-Souza. SARS-CoV-2 infects brain astrocytes of COVID-19 patients and impairs neuronal viability. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFernanda Crunfli; Victor Corasolla Carregari; Flavio Protasio Veras; Pedro Henrique Vendramini; Aline Gazzola Fragnani Valença; André Saraiva Leão Marcelo Antunes; Caroline Brandão-Teles; Giuliana Da Silva Zuccoli; Guilherme Reis-De-Oliveira; Lícia C. Silva-Costa; Verônica Monteiro Saia-Cereda; Bradley Joseph Smith; Ana Campos Codo; Gabriela Fabiano de Souza; Stéfanie Primon Muraro; Pierina Lorencini Parise; Daniel A. Toledo-Teixeira; Ícaro Maia Santos de Castro; Bruno Marcel Silva Melo; Glaucia M. Almeida; Egidi Mayara Silva Firmino; Isadora Marques Paiva; Rafael Elias Marques Pereira Silva; Rafaela Mano Guimarães; Niele D. Mendes; Raíssa Guimarães Ludwig; Gabriel Palermo Ruiz; Thiago Leite Knittel; Gustavo Gastão Davanzo; Jaqueline Aline Gerhardt; Patrícia Brito Rodrigues; Julia Forato; Mariene Ribeiro Amorim; Natália Brunetti Silva; Matheus Cavalheiro Martini; Maíra Nilson Benatti; Sabrina Batah; Li Siyuan; Rafael Batista João; Lucas Scardua Silva; Mateus Henrique Nogueira; Ítalo Karmann Aventurato; Mariana Rabelo de Brito; Marina Koutsodontis Machado Alvim; José Roberto Da Silva Júnior; Lívia Liviane Damião; Maria Ercilia De Paula Castilho Stefano; Iêda Maria Pereira de Sousa; Elessandra Dias da Rocha; Solange Maria Gonçalves; Luiz Henrique Lopes da Silva; Vanessa Bettini; Brunno Machado de Campos; Guilherme Ludwig; Lucas Alves Tavares; Marjorie Cornejo Pontelli; Rosa Maria Mendes Viana; Ronaldo Martins; Andre S. Vieira; José Carlos Alves-Filho; Eurico Arruda; Guilherme Podolski-Gondim; Marcelo Volpon Santos; Luciano Neder; Fernando Cendes; Paulo Louzada-Junior; Renê Donizeti Oliveira; Fernando Queiroz Cunha; André Damásio; Marco Aurélio Ramirez Vinolo; Carolina Demarchi Munhoz; Stevens K. Rehen; Helder I Nakaya; Thais Mauad; Amaro Nunes Duarte-Neto; Luiz Fernando Ferraz da Silva; Marisa Dolhnikoff; Paulo Saldiva; Alessandro S. Farias; Pedro Manoel M. Moraes-Vieira; Alexandre Todorovic Fabro; Adriano S. Sebollela; José Luiz Proença Módena; Clarissa Lin Yasuda; Marcelo A. Mori; Thiago Mattar Cunha; Daniel Martins-De-Souza. 2020. "SARS-CoV-2 infects brain astrocytes of COVID-19 patients and impairs neuronal viability." , no. : 1.
Severe COVID-19 patients develop acute respiratory distress syndrome that may progress to cytokine storm syndrome, organ dysfunction, and death. Considering that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been described as important mediators of tissue damage in inflammatory diseases, we investigated whether NETs would be involved in COVID-19 pathophysiology. A cohort of 32 hospitalized patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 and healthy controls were enrolled. The concentration of NETs was augmented in plasma, tracheal aspirate, and lung autopsies tissues from COVID-19 patients, and their neutrophils released higher levels of NETs. Notably, we found that viable SARS-CoV-2 can directly induce the release of NETs by healthy neutrophils. Mechanistically, NETs triggered by SARS-CoV-2 depend on angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, serine protease, virus replication, and PAD-4. Finally, NETs released by SARS-CoV-2–activated neutrophils promote lung epithelial cell death in vitro. These results unravel a possible detrimental role of NETs in the pathophysiology of COVID-19. Therefore, the inhibition of NETs represents a potential therapeutic target for COVID-19.
Flavio Protasio Veras; Marjorie Cornejo Pontelli; Camila Meirelles Silva; Juliana E. Toller-Kawahisa; Mikhael de Lima; Daniele Carvalho Nascimento; Ayda Henriques Schneider; Diego Caetité; Lucas Alves Tavares; Isadora M. Paiva; Roberta Rosales; David Colón; Ronaldo Martins; Italo Araujo Castro; Glaucia M. Almeida; Maria Isabel Fernandes Lopes; Maíra Nilson Benatti; Letícia Pastorelli Bonjorno; Marcela Cavichioli Giannini; Rodrigo Luppino-Assad; Sérgio Luna Almeida; Fernando Vilar; Rodrigo Santana; Valdes R. Bollela; Maria Auxiliadora-Martins; Marcos Borges; Carlos Henrique Miranda; Antônio Pazin-Filho; Luis Lamberti P. da Silva; Larissa Dias Cunha; Dario S. Zamboni; Felipe Dal-Pizzol; Luiz O. Leiria; Li Siyuan; Sabrina Batah; Alexandre Fabro; Thais Mauad; Marisa Dolhnikoff; Amaro Duarte-Neto; Paulo Saldiva; Thiago Mattar Cunha; José Carlos Alves-Filho; Eurico Arruda; Paulo Louzada-Junior; Renê Donizeti Oliveira; Fernando Queiroz Cunha. SARS-CoV-2–triggered neutrophil extracellular traps mediate COVID-19 pathology. Journal of Experimental Medicine 2020, 217, 1 .
AMA StyleFlavio Protasio Veras, Marjorie Cornejo Pontelli, Camila Meirelles Silva, Juliana E. Toller-Kawahisa, Mikhael de Lima, Daniele Carvalho Nascimento, Ayda Henriques Schneider, Diego Caetité, Lucas Alves Tavares, Isadora M. Paiva, Roberta Rosales, David Colón, Ronaldo Martins, Italo Araujo Castro, Glaucia M. Almeida, Maria Isabel Fernandes Lopes, Maíra Nilson Benatti, Letícia Pastorelli Bonjorno, Marcela Cavichioli Giannini, Rodrigo Luppino-Assad, Sérgio Luna Almeida, Fernando Vilar, Rodrigo Santana, Valdes R. Bollela, Maria Auxiliadora-Martins, Marcos Borges, Carlos Henrique Miranda, Antônio Pazin-Filho, Luis Lamberti P. da Silva, Larissa Dias Cunha, Dario S. Zamboni, Felipe Dal-Pizzol, Luiz O. Leiria, Li Siyuan, Sabrina Batah, Alexandre Fabro, Thais Mauad, Marisa Dolhnikoff, Amaro Duarte-Neto, Paulo Saldiva, Thiago Mattar Cunha, José Carlos Alves-Filho, Eurico Arruda, Paulo Louzada-Junior, Renê Donizeti Oliveira, Fernando Queiroz Cunha. SARS-CoV-2–triggered neutrophil extracellular traps mediate COVID-19 pathology. Journal of Experimental Medicine. 2020; 217 (12):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFlavio Protasio Veras; Marjorie Cornejo Pontelli; Camila Meirelles Silva; Juliana E. Toller-Kawahisa; Mikhael de Lima; Daniele Carvalho Nascimento; Ayda Henriques Schneider; Diego Caetité; Lucas Alves Tavares; Isadora M. Paiva; Roberta Rosales; David Colón; Ronaldo Martins; Italo Araujo Castro; Glaucia M. Almeida; Maria Isabel Fernandes Lopes; Maíra Nilson Benatti; Letícia Pastorelli Bonjorno; Marcela Cavichioli Giannini; Rodrigo Luppino-Assad; Sérgio Luna Almeida; Fernando Vilar; Rodrigo Santana; Valdes R. Bollela; Maria Auxiliadora-Martins; Marcos Borges; Carlos Henrique Miranda; Antônio Pazin-Filho; Luis Lamberti P. da Silva; Larissa Dias Cunha; Dario S. Zamboni; Felipe Dal-Pizzol; Luiz O. Leiria; Li Siyuan; Sabrina Batah; Alexandre Fabro; Thais Mauad; Marisa Dolhnikoff; Amaro Duarte-Neto; Paulo Saldiva; Thiago Mattar Cunha; José Carlos Alves-Filho; Eurico Arruda; Paulo Louzada-Junior; Renê Donizeti Oliveira; Fernando Queiroz Cunha. 2020. "SARS-CoV-2–triggered neutrophil extracellular traps mediate COVID-19 pathology." Journal of Experimental Medicine 217, no. 12: 1.
It is increasingly recognized that the ubiquity of convenient single-use plastic has resulted in a global plastic pollution challenge, with substantial environmental and health consequences. Physical, chemical, and biological processes result in plastic weathering, with eventual formation of debris in the micro to nano size range. There is an increasing awareness that plastic fragments are dispersed in the air and can be inhaled by humans, which may cause adverse effects on the respiratory system and on other systems. Urban environments are often characterized by high concentrations of fine airborne dust from various sources. To date, however, there is limited information on the distribution, shape, and size of microplastics in the air in urban and other environments. In this article, we review and discuss our current understanding of the exposure characteristics of airborne plastic debris in urbanized areas, focusing on concentration, size, morphology, presence of additives and distributions of different polymers. The natural and extend data are compiled and compared to laboratory-based analyses to further our understanding of the potential adverse effects of inhaled plastic particles on human health.
Luís Fernando Amato-Lourenço; Luciana Dos Santos Galvão; Letty A. de Weger; Pieter S. Hiemstra; Martina G. Vijver; Thais Mauad. An emerging class of air pollutants: Potential effects of microplastics to respiratory human health? Science of The Total Environment 2020, 749, 141676 -141676.
AMA StyleLuís Fernando Amato-Lourenço, Luciana Dos Santos Galvão, Letty A. de Weger, Pieter S. Hiemstra, Martina G. Vijver, Thais Mauad. An emerging class of air pollutants: Potential effects of microplastics to respiratory human health? Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 749 ():141676-141676.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuís Fernando Amato-Lourenço; Luciana Dos Santos Galvão; Letty A. de Weger; Pieter S. Hiemstra; Martina G. Vijver; Thais Mauad. 2020. "An emerging class of air pollutants: Potential effects of microplastics to respiratory human health?" Science of The Total Environment 749, no. : 141676-141676.
Severe COVID-19 patients develop acute respiratory distress syndrome that may progress to respiratory failure. These patients also develop cytokine storm syndrome, and organ dysfunctions, which is a clinical picture that resembles sepsis. Considering that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been described as an important factors of tissue damage in sepsis, we investigated whether NETs would be produced in COVID-19 patients and participate in the lung tissue damage. A cohort of 32 hospitalized patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 and respective healthy controls were enrolled. NETs concentration was assessed by MPO-DNA PicoGreen assay or by confocal immunofluorescence. The cytotoxic effect of SARS-CoV-2-induced NETs was analyzed in human epithelial lung cells (A549 cells). The concentration of NETs was augmented in plasma and tracheal aspirate from COVID-19 patients and their neutrophils spontaneously released higher levels of NETs. NETs were also found in the lung tissue specimens from autopsies of COVID-19 patients. Notably, viable SARS-CoV-2 can directly induce in vitro release of NETs by healthy neutrophils in a PAD-4-dependent manner. Finally, NETs released by SARS-CoV-2-activated neutrophils promote lung epithelial cell death in vitro. These results unravel a possible detrimental role of NETs in the pathophysiology of COVID-19. Therefore, the inhibition of NETs represent a potential therapeutic target for COVID-19.
Flavio Protasio Veras; Marjorie Pontelli; Camila Silva; Juliana Toller-Kawahisa; Mikhael de Lima; Daniele Nascimento; Ayda Schneider; Diego Caetité; Roberta Rosales; David Colón; Ronaldo Martins; Italo Castro; Glaucia Almeida; Maria Isabel Lopes; Maíra Benatti; Letícia Bonjorno; Marcela Giannini; Rodrigo Luppino-Assad; Sérgio de Almeida; Fernando Vilar; Rodrigo Santana; Valdes Bollela; Maria Martins; Carlos Miranda; Marcos Borges; Antônio Pazin-Filho; Larissa Cunha; Dario Zamboni; Felipe Dal-Pizzol; Luiz Leiria; Li Siyuan; Sabrina Batah; Alexandre Fabro; Thais Mauad; Marisa Dolhnikoff; Amaro. Duarte-Neto; Paulo Saldiva; Thiago Cunha; Jose Carlos Alves-Filho; Eurico Arruda; Paulo Louzada-Junior; Renê de Oliveira; Fernando Cunha. SARS-CoV-2 triggered neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) mediate COVID-19 pathology. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleFlavio Protasio Veras, Marjorie Pontelli, Camila Silva, Juliana Toller-Kawahisa, Mikhael de Lima, Daniele Nascimento, Ayda Schneider, Diego Caetité, Roberta Rosales, David Colón, Ronaldo Martins, Italo Castro, Glaucia Almeida, Maria Isabel Lopes, Maíra Benatti, Letícia Bonjorno, Marcela Giannini, Rodrigo Luppino-Assad, Sérgio de Almeida, Fernando Vilar, Rodrigo Santana, Valdes Bollela, Maria Martins, Carlos Miranda, Marcos Borges, Antônio Pazin-Filho, Larissa Cunha, Dario Zamboni, Felipe Dal-Pizzol, Luiz Leiria, Li Siyuan, Sabrina Batah, Alexandre Fabro, Thais Mauad, Marisa Dolhnikoff, Amaro. Duarte-Neto, Paulo Saldiva, Thiago Cunha, Jose Carlos Alves-Filho, Eurico Arruda, Paulo Louzada-Junior, Renê de Oliveira, Fernando Cunha. SARS-CoV-2 triggered neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) mediate COVID-19 pathology. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFlavio Protasio Veras; Marjorie Pontelli; Camila Silva; Juliana Toller-Kawahisa; Mikhael de Lima; Daniele Nascimento; Ayda Schneider; Diego Caetité; Roberta Rosales; David Colón; Ronaldo Martins; Italo Castro; Glaucia Almeida; Maria Isabel Lopes; Maíra Benatti; Letícia Bonjorno; Marcela Giannini; Rodrigo Luppino-Assad; Sérgio de Almeida; Fernando Vilar; Rodrigo Santana; Valdes Bollela; Maria Martins; Carlos Miranda; Marcos Borges; Antônio Pazin-Filho; Larissa Cunha; Dario Zamboni; Felipe Dal-Pizzol; Luiz Leiria; Li Siyuan; Sabrina Batah; Alexandre Fabro; Thais Mauad; Marisa Dolhnikoff; Amaro. Duarte-Neto; Paulo Saldiva; Thiago Cunha; Jose Carlos Alves-Filho; Eurico Arruda; Paulo Louzada-Junior; Renê de Oliveira; Fernando Cunha. 2020. "SARS-CoV-2 triggered neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) mediate COVID-19 pathology." , no. : 1.
Proximity to green spaces has been shown to be beneficial to several cardiovascular outcomes in urban spaces. Few studies, however, have analyzed the relationship between these outcomes and green space or land cover uses in low–medium income megacities, where the consequences of rapid and inordinate urbanization impose several health hazards. This study used a subgroup of the dataset from The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health ELSA-BRASIL (n = 3418) to identify the correlation between the medical diagnosis of hypertension and green spaces in the megacity of São Paulo. Land cover classification was performed based on the random forest algorithm using geometrically corrected aerial photography (orthophoto). Three different indicators of exposure to green spaces were used: number of street trees, land cover and number of parks within 1 km. We used logistic regression models to obtain the association of the metrics exposure and health outcomes. The number of street trees in the regional governments (OR = 0.937 and number of parks within 1 km (OR = 0.876) were inversely associated with a diagnosis of hypertension. Sixty-three percent of the population had no parks within 1 km of their residence. Our data indicate the need to encourage large-scale street tree planting and increase the number of qualified parks in megacities.
Tiana C. L. Moreira; Jefferson L. Polizel; Itamar De Souza Santos; Demóstenes F. Silva Filho; Isabela Bensenor; Paulo A. Lotufo; Thais Mauad. Green Spaces, Land Cover, Street Trees and Hypertension in the Megacity of São Paulo. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 725 .
AMA StyleTiana C. L. Moreira, Jefferson L. Polizel, Itamar De Souza Santos, Demóstenes F. Silva Filho, Isabela Bensenor, Paulo A. Lotufo, Thais Mauad. Green Spaces, Land Cover, Street Trees and Hypertension in the Megacity of São Paulo. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (3):725.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTiana C. L. Moreira; Jefferson L. Polizel; Itamar De Souza Santos; Demóstenes F. Silva Filho; Isabela Bensenor; Paulo A. Lotufo; Thais Mauad. 2020. "Green Spaces, Land Cover, Street Trees and Hypertension in the Megacity of São Paulo." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 3: 725.
Foraging wild-growing edible plants (WEPs) is a re-emerging practice with increasing popularity worldwide, including in urban areas. However, in cities, this practice raises questions about the safety of foraging these plants for human consumption, due to the potential exposure of plants to higher levels of pollutants. In this study, the concentration of 12 elements (Al, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn, As, Rb, Cd, Ba and Pb) in three different WEPs (Amaranthus spp., Plantago tomentosa and Taraxacum officinale) were determined according to different traffic categories in the municipality of São Paulo. Additionally, plants were sampled within the inner areas of three municipal parks in the same study region. Different gradients of elemental concentrations were obtained according to the traffic categories. Freeways presented higher concentrations of several elements than local roads or parks. For the WEPs collected along freeways and some plants along arterial roads, the concentrations of Pb exceeded safety levels for human consumption. Our data suggest that foraging in large urban centres should be performed preferentially in low-traffic areas.
Luís Fernando Amato-Lourenco; Guilherme Reis Ranieri; Vanessa Cristina De Oliveira Souza; Fernando Barbosa Junior; Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva; Thais Mauad. Edible weeds: Are urban environments fit for foraging? Science of The Total Environment 2019, 698, 133967 .
AMA StyleLuís Fernando Amato-Lourenco, Guilherme Reis Ranieri, Vanessa Cristina De Oliveira Souza, Fernando Barbosa Junior, Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva, Thais Mauad. Edible weeds: Are urban environments fit for foraging? Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 698 ():133967.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuís Fernando Amato-Lourenco; Guilherme Reis Ranieri; Vanessa Cristina De Oliveira Souza; Fernando Barbosa Junior; Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva; Thais Mauad. 2019. "Edible weeds: Are urban environments fit for foraging?" Science of The Total Environment 698, no. : 133967.
Background There is interest in better understanding vessel pathology in asthma, given the findings of loss of peripheral vasculature associated with disease severity by imaging and altered markers of endothelial activation. To date, vascular changes in asthma have been described mainly at the submucosal capillary level of the bronchial microcirculation, with sparse information available on the pathology of bronchial and pulmonary arteries. The aim of this study was to describe structural and endothelial activation markers in bronchial arteries (BAs) and pulmonary arteries (PAs) of asthma patients who died during a fatal asthma attack. Methods Autopsy lung tissue was obtained from 21 smoking and non-smoking patients who died of an asthma attack and nine non-smoking control patients. Verhoeff–Masson trichrome staining was used to analyse the structure of arteries. Using immuno-histochemistry and image analyses, we quantified extracellular matrix (ECM) components (collagen I, collagen III, versican, tenascin, fibronectin, elastic fibres), adhesion molecules [vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1)] and markers of vascular tone/dysfunction [endothelin-1 (ET-1) and angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2)] in PAs and BAs. Results There were no significant differences in ECM components, ICAM-1, ET-1 or AT2 between asthma patients and controls. Smoking asthma patients presented with decreased content of collagen III in both BA (p = 0.046) and PA (p = 0.010) walls compared to non-smoking asthma patients. Asthma patients had increased VCAM-1 content in the BA wall (p = 0.026) but not in the PA wall. Conclusion Our data suggest that the mechanisms linking asthma and arterial functional abnormalities might involve systemic rather than local mediators. Loss of collagen III in the PA was observed in smoking asthma patients, and this was compatible with the degradative environment induced by cigarette smoking. Our data also reinforce the idea that the mechanisms of leukocyte efflux via adhesion molecules differ between bronchial and pulmonary circulation, which might be relevant to understanding and treating the distal lung in asthma.
Renata Calciolari Rossi; Raquel Anonni; Diogenes Seraphim Ferreira; Luiz Fernando Ferraz Da Silva; Thais Mauad. Structural alterations and markers of endothelial activation in pulmonary and bronchial arteries in fatal asthma. Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology 2019, 15, 50 -9.
AMA StyleRenata Calciolari Rossi, Raquel Anonni, Diogenes Seraphim Ferreira, Luiz Fernando Ferraz Da Silva, Thais Mauad. Structural alterations and markers of endothelial activation in pulmonary and bronchial arteries in fatal asthma. Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology. 2019; 15 (1):50-9.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRenata Calciolari Rossi; Raquel Anonni; Diogenes Seraphim Ferreira; Luiz Fernando Ferraz Da Silva; Thais Mauad. 2019. "Structural alterations and markers of endothelial activation in pulmonary and bronchial arteries in fatal asthma." Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology 15, no. 1: 50-9.
Many cities fail to meet air quality standards, which results in increased risk for pulmonary disorders, including asthma. Human and experimental studies have shown that diesel exhaust (DE) particles are associated with worsening of allergic asthma. Biodiesel (BD), a cleaner fuel from renewable sources, was introduced in the eighties. Because of the reduction in particulate matter (PM) emissions, BD was expected to cause fewer adverse pulmonary effects. However, only limited data on the effect of BD emissions in asthma are available. Determine whether BD exhaust exposure in allergic sensitized mice leads to different effects on inflammatory and functional responses compared to DE exposure. Balb/C mice were orotracheally sensitized with House Dust Mite (HDM) or a saline solution with 3 weekly instillations. From day 9 until day 17 after sensitization, they were exposed daily to filtered air (FA), DE and BD exhaust (concentration: 600 μg/m3 PM2.5). Lung function, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cell counts, cytokine levels (IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-17, TNF-α, TSLP) in the BALF, peribronchiolar eosinophils and parenchymal macrophages were measured. HDM-sensitized animals presented increased lung elastance (p = 0.046), IgG1 serum levels (p = 0.029), peribronchiolar eosinophils (p = 0.028), BALF levels of total cells (p = 0.020), eosinophils (p = 0.028), IL-5 levels (p = 0.002) and TSLP levels (p = 0.046) in BALF. DE exposure alone increased lung elastance (p = 0.000) and BALF IL-4 levels (p = 0.045), whereas BD exposure alone increased BALF TSLP levels (p = 0.004). BD exposure did not influence any parameters after HDM challenge, while DE exposed animals presented increased BALF levels of total cells (p = 0.019), lymphocytes (p = 0.000), neutrophils (p = 0.040), macrophages (p = 0.034), BALF IL-4 levels (p = 0.028), and macrophagic inflammation in the lung tissue (p = 0.037), as well as decreased IgG1 (p = 0.046) and IgG2 (p = 0.043) levels when compared to the HDM group. The results indicate more adverse pulmonary effects of DE compared to BD exposure in allergic sensitized animals.
Tirza Timmerman; Jôse Mára de Brito; Natalia Madureira de Almeida; Francine Maria de Almeida; Fernanda Magalhães Arantes-Costa; Eliane Tigre Guimaraes; Ana Julia Faria Coimbra Lichtenfels; Dolores Helena Rodriguez Ferreira Rivero; Regiani Carvalho de Oliveira; João Paulo Amorim de Lacerda; Jamille Moreira Moraes; Danilo Augusto Pimental; Beatriz Mangueira Saraiva-Romanholo; Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva; Rodolfo De Paula Vieira; Thais Mauad. Inflammatory and functional responses after (bio)diesel exhaust exposure in allergic sensitized mice. A comparison between diesel and biodiesel. Environmental Pollution 2019, 253, 667 -679.
AMA StyleTirza Timmerman, Jôse Mára de Brito, Natalia Madureira de Almeida, Francine Maria de Almeida, Fernanda Magalhães Arantes-Costa, Eliane Tigre Guimaraes, Ana Julia Faria Coimbra Lichtenfels, Dolores Helena Rodriguez Ferreira Rivero, Regiani Carvalho de Oliveira, João Paulo Amorim de Lacerda, Jamille Moreira Moraes, Danilo Augusto Pimental, Beatriz Mangueira Saraiva-Romanholo, Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva, Rodolfo De Paula Vieira, Thais Mauad. Inflammatory and functional responses after (bio)diesel exhaust exposure in allergic sensitized mice. A comparison between diesel and biodiesel. Environmental Pollution. 2019; 253 ():667-679.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTirza Timmerman; Jôse Mára de Brito; Natalia Madureira de Almeida; Francine Maria de Almeida; Fernanda Magalhães Arantes-Costa; Eliane Tigre Guimaraes; Ana Julia Faria Coimbra Lichtenfels; Dolores Helena Rodriguez Ferreira Rivero; Regiani Carvalho de Oliveira; João Paulo Amorim de Lacerda; Jamille Moreira Moraes; Danilo Augusto Pimental; Beatriz Mangueira Saraiva-Romanholo; Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva; Rodolfo De Paula Vieira; Thais Mauad. 2019. "Inflammatory and functional responses after (bio)diesel exhaust exposure in allergic sensitized mice. A comparison between diesel and biodiesel." Environmental Pollution 253, no. : 667-679.
Pulmonary complications are frequent in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), but few studies have described lung pathology in SCD. We studied the lung tissue of 30 deceased SCD patients (1994–2012). Demographics, genotype, clinical characteristics, cause of death and associated conditions are presented. We quantified the presence of pulmonary arterial changes, thrombosis and venous thickening. Alveolar capillary abnormalities were demonstrated using CD34 expression and confocal microscopy. Autopsy and echocardiography reports were reviewed to classify heart abnormalities. Tissue expression of markers of endothelial activation (vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and vascular endothelial growth factor) was quantified in pulmonary vessels. Median age was 33 years; genotype was SS in 19, SC in 7 and Sβ in 4, and there were 18 males. Hypertensive arterial changes were present in 76% of the patients, recent thrombosis in 80% and old thrombosis in 43%. Venous thickening was present in 23% and pulmonary capillary haemangiomatosis foci in 87%. Ten percent of the patients presented right ventricular hypertrophy. There was no increased expression of endothelial activation markers when compared to controls. SCD affects the whole pulmonary vascular tree and reflects the multiple burden on lung vasculature imposed by the disease upon time.
German R. Carstens; Bianca B. A. Paulino; Edgard H. Katayama; Luis F. Amato-Lourenço; Guilherme H. Fonseca; Rogerio Souza; Vera D. Aiello; Thais Mauad. Clinical relevance of pulmonary vasculature involvement in sickle cell disease. British Journal of Haematology 2019, 185, 317 -326.
AMA StyleGerman R. Carstens, Bianca B. A. Paulino, Edgard H. Katayama, Luis F. Amato-Lourenço, Guilherme H. Fonseca, Rogerio Souza, Vera D. Aiello, Thais Mauad. Clinical relevance of pulmonary vasculature involvement in sickle cell disease. British Journal of Haematology. 2019; 185 (2):317-326.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGerman R. Carstens; Bianca B. A. Paulino; Edgard H. Katayama; Luis F. Amato-Lourenço; Guilherme H. Fonseca; Rogerio Souza; Vera D. Aiello; Thais Mauad. 2019. "Clinical relevance of pulmonary vasculature involvement in sickle cell disease." British Journal of Haematology 185, no. 2: 317-326.
In asthma, it is unclear if the airway smooth muscle cells proliferate more or are increased at the onset of asthma and remain stable. This study aimed to compare smooth muscle cell proliferation in individuals with and without asthma and correlate proliferation rates with cell size and number and with granulocytic airway inflammation. Postmortem airway sections were labeled with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and percent positive muscle cells calculated. On the same sections, smooth muscle cell size and number and the number of eosinophils and neutrophils were estimated and compared in cases of nonfatal ( n = 15) and fatal ( n = 15) asthma and control subjects ( n = 15). The %PCNA+ muscle cells was not significantly different in fatal (29.4 ± 7.7%, mean ± SD), nonfatal asthma (28.6 ± 8.3%), or control subjects (24.6 ± 6.7%) and not related to mean muscle cell size ( r = 0.09), number ( r = 0.36), thickness of the muscle layer ( r = 0.05), or eosinophil numbers ( r = 0.04) in the asthma cases. These data support the hypothesis that in asthma the increased thickness of the smooth muscle layer may be present before or at the onset of asthma and independent of concurrent granulocytic inflammation or exacerbation. NEW & NOTEWORTHY There is debate regarding the origins of the increased airway smooth muscle in asthma. It may be independent of inflammation or arise as a proliferative response to inflammation. The present study found no increase in the proportion of proliferating smooth muscle cells in asthma and no relation of proliferation to numbers of airway smooth muscle cells or inflammation. These results support a stable increase in smooth muscle in asthma that is independent of airway inflammation.
Alan L. James; Peter B. Noble; Su-Ann Drew; Thais Mauad; Tony R. Bai; Michael J. Abramson; Karen O. McKay; Francis H. Y. Green; John G. Elliot. Airway smooth muscle proliferation and inflammation in asthma. Journal of Applied Physiology 2018, 125, 1090 -1096.
AMA StyleAlan L. James, Peter B. Noble, Su-Ann Drew, Thais Mauad, Tony R. Bai, Michael J. Abramson, Karen O. McKay, Francis H. Y. Green, John G. Elliot. Airway smooth muscle proliferation and inflammation in asthma. Journal of Applied Physiology. 2018; 125 (4):1090-1096.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlan L. James; Peter B. Noble; Su-Ann Drew; Thais Mauad; Tony R. Bai; Michael J. Abramson; Karen O. McKay; Francis H. Y. Green; John G. Elliot. 2018. "Airway smooth muscle proliferation and inflammation in asthma." Journal of Applied Physiology 125, no. 4: 1090-1096.
Introduction: Late diagnosis of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD) can be related to severe pulmonary dysfunction. Objectives: Describe PCD prevalence and Clinical characteristics (Cc) in adult patients followed in an bronchiectasis service in a terciary care hospital in a 2y period. Method: From 500 patients in the service, 60 patients with bronchiectasis of unknown etiology and repetition respiratory disease and/or Laterality disorders (Ld) were selected. Patients were submitted to at least two of the following tests: measurements of the nasal nitric oxide production rate, evaluation of the ciliary beat pattern, analysis of the ciliary ultrastructure (US) by transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution immunofluorescence (IF) microscope using antibodies directed against DNAH5, RSPH9, CCDC39, GAS8 and DNAH11, and genetic tests (pending). (Cc) included PICADAR and FACED scores, Pulmonary Function (PF), and presence of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa (cPa) colonization. Results: PCD was diagnosed in 48 patients (9.6%), 20-76y, 28M/20F. (Ld) were present in 28 patients (21 with situs inversus). Three patients had been lobectomized, and six had had lung transplants. The PICADAR score was ≥5 in 36 patients. More than two PCD altered tests were found for 34 patients, of which 8 had normal (US). (IF) was performed for 29 patients, and confirmed US defect in 20. FEV1 was <40% for 21 patients. The FACED score was ≥5 for 12 patients, and cPa colonization was present in 20 (41.6%). Conclusion: This is the first characterization of adult patients with PCD in Brazil. Large part of the patients had severe lung disease as indicated by low (PF) and (cPa) positivity. GRANT FAPESP#2014-18049-9
Mary Anne Kowal Olm; Rodrigo Abensur Athanazio; Samia Rached; Niki Tomas Loges; Heymut Omran; Rafael Stelmach; Paulo H.N. Saldiva; Thais Mauad. Primary ciliary dyskinesia diagnosis in adult patients with bronchiectasis in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Monitoring airway disease 2018, 52, PA4426 .
AMA StyleMary Anne Kowal Olm, Rodrigo Abensur Athanazio, Samia Rached, Niki Tomas Loges, Heymut Omran, Rafael Stelmach, Paulo H.N. Saldiva, Thais Mauad. Primary ciliary dyskinesia diagnosis in adult patients with bronchiectasis in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Monitoring airway disease. 2018; 52 ():PA4426.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMary Anne Kowal Olm; Rodrigo Abensur Athanazio; Samia Rached; Niki Tomas Loges; Heymut Omran; Rafael Stelmach; Paulo H.N. Saldiva; Thais Mauad. 2018. "Primary ciliary dyskinesia diagnosis in adult patients with bronchiectasis in Sao Paulo, Brazil." Monitoring airway disease 52, no. : PA4426.
Background: The mechanism of action of Bronchial Thermoplasty (BT) and its related responder profile is unclear. Objective: Investigate if BT-induced airway smooth muscle mass (ASM) change correlates with FEV1. Methods: 16 severe asthma patients were analyzed. Before and after BT, pre- and post-bronchodilator FEV1 was measured and bronchial biopsies were taken and stained with ASM-specific desmin and ASM/myofibroblast/myoepithelial α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Results: BT treatment reduced ASM mass significantly as assessed by both desmin (55%) and α-SMA analysis (40%)(Fig1A). Baseline pre-and post-bronchodilator FEV1 correlated negatively with desmin-determined baseline ASM mass (resp. R=-0.61;p=0.01 and R=-0.62;p=0.01). Furthermore desmin-determined ASM mass decrease correlated negatively with baseline pre- and post-bronchodilator FEV1 (resp. R=-0.61;p=0.01 and R=-0.54;p=0.03 Fig1B). Patients with FEV180%(n=10): 2.4%(0.4;6.3 IQR (p=0.01)Fig1C). This correlation was not found with α-SMA staining. Conclusions: The correlation between ASM and FEV1 seems to depend on the fully differentiated contractile ASM only. Patients with a FEV1< 80% show the most reduction of ASM mass after BT treatment. Whether this “obstructive” asthma phenotype qualifies as a responder criteria needs to be determined.
Julia N.S. D'hooghe; Annika W.M. Goorsenberg; Nick H.T. Ten Hacken; Els J.M. Weersink; Joris J.T.H. Roelofs; Thais Mauad; Pallav L. Shah; Jouke T. Annema; Peter I. Bonta. Airway smooth muscle mass reduction after Bronchial Thermoplasty in asthmatics correlates with FEV1. Interventional Pulmonology 2018, 52, OA4933 .
AMA StyleJulia N.S. D'hooghe, Annika W.M. Goorsenberg, Nick H.T. Ten Hacken, Els J.M. Weersink, Joris J.T.H. Roelofs, Thais Mauad, Pallav L. Shah, Jouke T. Annema, Peter I. Bonta. Airway smooth muscle mass reduction after Bronchial Thermoplasty in asthmatics correlates with FEV1. Interventional Pulmonology. 2018; 52 ():OA4933.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJulia N.S. D'hooghe; Annika W.M. Goorsenberg; Nick H.T. Ten Hacken; Els J.M. Weersink; Joris J.T.H. Roelofs; Thais Mauad; Pallav L. Shah; Jouke T. Annema; Peter I. Bonta. 2018. "Airway smooth muscle mass reduction after Bronchial Thermoplasty in asthmatics correlates with FEV1." Interventional Pulmonology 52, no. : OA4933.
Biodiesel is a renewable energy source that reduces particle emission, but few studies have assessed its effects. To assess the effects of acute inhalation of two doses (600 and 1200 μg/m) of diesel (DE) and biodiesel (BD) fuels on the inflammatory pulmonary and systemic profile of mice. Animals were exposed for 2 h in an inhalation chamber inside the Container Laboratory for Fuels. Heart rate, heart rate variability (HRV) and blood pressure were determined 30 min after exposure. After 24 h, we analyzed the lung inflammation using bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF); neutrophil and macrophage quantification in the lung parenchyma was performed, and blood and bone marrow biomarkers as well as receptor of endothelin-A (ET-Ar), receptor of endothelin-B (ET-Br), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOs) and isoprostane (ISO) levels in the pulmonary vessels and bronchial epithelium were evaluated. HRV increased for BD600, D600 and D1200 compared to filtered air (FA). Both fuels (DE and BD) produced alterations in red blood cells independent of the dose. BALF from the BD600 and BD1200 groups showed an increase in neutrophils compared to those of the FA group. Numeric density of the polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cells was elevated with BD600 compared to FA. In the peribronchiolar vessels, there was an increase in ET-Ar and ET-Br expression following BD600 compared to FA; and there was a reduction in the iNOs expression for BD1200 and the VCAM-1 for D1200 compared to FA. In the bronchial epithelium, there was an increase in ETAr at BD600, ET-Br at two doses (600 and 1200 μg/m) of DE and BD, iNOs at D600 and VCAM-1 at BD1200 and D600; all groups were compared to the FA group. Acute exposure to DE and BD derived from sewage methyl esters triggered pulmonary and cardiovascular inflammatory alterations in mice.
Jôse Mára de Brito; Thais Mauad; Guilherme Franco Cavalheiro; Kelly Yoshizaki; Paulo Afonso de André; Ana Julia F.C. Lichtenfels; Eliane Tigre Guimarães; Dolores Helena Rodriguez Ferreira Rivero; Leila Antonangelo; Luciano Basto Oliveira; Luiz Roberto Martins Pedroso; Mariangela Macchione; Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva. Acute exposure to diesel and sewage biodiesel exhaust causes pulmonary and systemic inflammation in mice. Science of The Total Environment 2018, 628-629, 1223 -1233.
AMA StyleJôse Mára de Brito, Thais Mauad, Guilherme Franco Cavalheiro, Kelly Yoshizaki, Paulo Afonso de André, Ana Julia F.C. Lichtenfels, Eliane Tigre Guimarães, Dolores Helena Rodriguez Ferreira Rivero, Leila Antonangelo, Luciano Basto Oliveira, Luiz Roberto Martins Pedroso, Mariangela Macchione, Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva. Acute exposure to diesel and sewage biodiesel exhaust causes pulmonary and systemic inflammation in mice. Science of The Total Environment. 2018; 628-629 ():1223-1233.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJôse Mára de Brito; Thais Mauad; Guilherme Franco Cavalheiro; Kelly Yoshizaki; Paulo Afonso de André; Ana Julia F.C. Lichtenfels; Eliane Tigre Guimarães; Dolores Helena Rodriguez Ferreira Rivero; Leila Antonangelo; Luciano Basto Oliveira; Luiz Roberto Martins Pedroso; Mariangela Macchione; Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva. 2018. "Acute exposure to diesel and sewage biodiesel exhaust causes pulmonary and systemic inflammation in mice." Science of The Total Environment 628-629, no. : 1223-1233.
Pesticide exposure is a growing public health concern. Although Brazil is the world’s largest consumer of pesticides, only a few studies have addressed the health effects among farmers. This study aimed to evaluate whether pesticide exposure is associated with respiratory outcomes among rural workers and relatives in Brazil during the crop and off-seasons. Family farmers (82) were interviewed about occupational history and respiratory symptoms, and cholinesterase tests were conducted in the crop-season. Spirometry was performed during the crop and off-season. Respiratory outcomes were compared between seasons and multiple regressions analysis were conducted to search for associations with exposure indicators. Participants were occupationally and environmentally exposed to multiple pesticides from an early age. During the crop and off-season, respectively, they presented a prevalence of 40% and 30.7% for cough, 30.7% and 24% for nasal allergies, and 24% and 17.3% for chest tightness. Significant associations between spirometry impairments and exposure indicators were found both during the crop and off-season. These findings provide complementary evidence about the association of pesticide exposure with adverse respiratory effects among family farmers in Brazil. This situation requires special attention as it may increase the risk of pulmonary dysfunctions, and the morbidity and mortality burden associated with these diseases.
Rafael J. Buralli; Helena Ribeiro; Thais Mauad; Luís F. Amato-Lourenço; João M. Salge; Fredi A. Diaz-Quijano; Richardson Leao; Rejane C. Marques; Daniele S. Silva; Jean Remy Davée Guimarães. Respiratory Condition of Family Farmers Exposed to Pesticides in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2018, 15, 1203 .
AMA StyleRafael J. Buralli, Helena Ribeiro, Thais Mauad, Luís F. Amato-Lourenço, João M. Salge, Fredi A. Diaz-Quijano, Richardson Leao, Rejane C. Marques, Daniele S. Silva, Jean Remy Davée Guimarães. Respiratory Condition of Family Farmers Exposed to Pesticides in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2018; 15 (6):1203.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRafael J. Buralli; Helena Ribeiro; Thais Mauad; Luís F. Amato-Lourenço; João M. Salge; Fredi A. Diaz-Quijano; Richardson Leao; Rejane C. Marques; Daniele S. Silva; Jean Remy Davée Guimarães. 2018. "Respiratory Condition of Family Farmers Exposed to Pesticides in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 6: 1203.
Gestational exposure to air pollution is associated with negative outcomes in newborns and children. In a previous study, we demonstrated a synergistic negative effect of pre- and postnatal exposure to PM2.5 on lung development in mice. However, the means by which air pollution affects development of the lung have not yet been identified. In this study, we exposed pregnant BALB/c mice and their offspring to concentrated urban PM2.5 (from São Paulo, Brazil; target dose 600 μg/m3 for 1 h daily). Exposure was started on embryonic day 5.5 (E5.5, time of placental implantation). Lung tissue of fetuses and offspring was submitted to stereological and transcriptomic analyses at E14.5 (pseudoglandular stage of lung development), E18.5 (saccular stage) and P40 (postnatal day 40, alveolarized lung). Additionally, lung function and cellularity of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were studied in offspring animals at P40. Compared to control animals that were exposed to filtered air throughout gestation and postnatal life, PM-exposed mice exhibited higher lung elastance and a lower alveolar number at P40 whilst the total lung volume and cellularity of BAL fluid were not affected. Glandular and saccular structures of fetal lungs were not altered upon gestational exposure; transcriptomic signatures, however, showed changes related to DNA damage and its regulation, inflammation and regulation of cell proliferation. A differential expression was validated at E14.5 for the candidates Sox8, Angptl4 and Gas1. Our data substantiate the in utero biomolecular effect of gestational exposure to air pollution and provide first-time stereological evidence that pre- and early life-postnatal exposure compromise lung development, leading to a reduced number of alveoli and an impairment of lung function in the adult mouse.
Thais De Barros Mendes Lopes; Espen E. Groth; Mariana Veras; Tatiane K. Furuya; Natalia De Souza Xavier Costa; Gabriel Ribeiro Júnior; Fernanda Degobbi Lopes; Francine M. de Almeida; Wellington V. Cardoso; Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva; Roger Chammas; Thais Mauad. Pre- and postnatal exposure of mice to concentrated urban PM2.5 decreases the number of alveoli and leads to altered lung function at an early stage of life. Environmental Pollution 2018, 241, 511 -520.
AMA StyleThais De Barros Mendes Lopes, Espen E. Groth, Mariana Veras, Tatiane K. Furuya, Natalia De Souza Xavier Costa, Gabriel Ribeiro Júnior, Fernanda Degobbi Lopes, Francine M. de Almeida, Wellington V. Cardoso, Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva, Roger Chammas, Thais Mauad. Pre- and postnatal exposure of mice to concentrated urban PM2.5 decreases the number of alveoli and leads to altered lung function at an early stage of life. Environmental Pollution. 2018; 241 ():511-520.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThais De Barros Mendes Lopes; Espen E. Groth; Mariana Veras; Tatiane K. Furuya; Natalia De Souza Xavier Costa; Gabriel Ribeiro Júnior; Fernanda Degobbi Lopes; Francine M. de Almeida; Wellington V. Cardoso; Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva; Roger Chammas; Thais Mauad. 2018. "Pre- and postnatal exposure of mice to concentrated urban PM2.5 decreases the number of alveoli and leads to altered lung function at an early stage of life." Environmental Pollution 241, no. : 511-520.
The School of Medicine, Sao Paulo University Community Garden (FMUSP Community Garden), formed in June 2013, occupies an area of 520 m2. In the concreted area, vegetables and herbs are grown in large vessels (http://www.facebook.com/HortaDaFmusp). The garden runs on an agroecological basis using locally made compost (garden leaves and horse manure) and bio fertilizers provided by volunteers and the local restaurant (coffee powder). In the garden several herbs, medicinal plants, wild food plants and different types of seasonal vegetables are cultivated. The harvest is open for the entire community. Five medical students received financial support from the University to work 40 h per month to maintain the FMUSP Community Garden. Educational activities for the community include workshops (on medicinal herbs and wild food plants) and cooking events with students and volunteers including an elderly group, focused on healthy eating. In addition, a Ph.D. student conducted studies addressing the role of air pollution on urban gardens using the garden as an experimental site. In summary, the FMUSP Community Garden has provided sustainable, educational and research activities focused on sustainability and healthy eating in the medical campus, on a low budget, for the community. We believe this paper is important because it describes how this experience has benefited many health-related professionals and complements medical teaching. The FMUSP Community Garden has shown that agriculture in large urban centers is possible. The results were very promising, involving students, staff, patients and the surrounding community.
Kátia Cristina Dantas; Paulo Sergio Zembruski; Marcia Saldanha Kubrusly; Regiani Carvalho-Oliveira; Thais Mauad. Four Years of Experience with the Sao Paulo University Medical School Community Garden. World Sustainability Series 2018, 427 -440.
AMA StyleKátia Cristina Dantas, Paulo Sergio Zembruski, Marcia Saldanha Kubrusly, Regiani Carvalho-Oliveira, Thais Mauad. Four Years of Experience with the Sao Paulo University Medical School Community Garden. World Sustainability Series. 2018; ():427-440.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKátia Cristina Dantas; Paulo Sergio Zembruski; Marcia Saldanha Kubrusly; Regiani Carvalho-Oliveira; Thais Mauad. 2018. "Four Years of Experience with the Sao Paulo University Medical School Community Garden." World Sustainability Series , no. : 427-440.