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Dr. Sanara Hor
Faculty of Land Management and Land Administration, Royal University of Agriculture, Phnom Penh 12401, Cambodia

Basic Info


Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Human Ecology
0 Regional Planning
0 geographic information system
0 Environmental Management
0 Remote Sensing,

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Career Timeline

Laboratory of Regional Planning, Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

Graduate Student or Post Graduate

01 September 2011 - 01 December 2014


Institute of Biology, Medicine and Agriculture , Royal Academy of Cambodia, Phnom Penh, Cambodia

Graduate Student or Post Graduate

01 April 2004 - 01 March 2006


Faculty of Agronomy, Royal University of Agriculture, Phnom Penh, Cambodia

Undergraduate Student

01 October 1999 - 01 September 2003




Short Biography

I conducted a research related to farming system for obtaining BSc degree in 2003 from the the Royal University of Agriculture, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. In 2006, I received MSc from Royal Academic of Cambodia having the same field to my BSc. I joined the Lab. of Regional Planning, Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University in 2011 and then received PhD degree in Environmental Management in 2015.

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Journal article
Published: 11 August 2021 in Sustainability
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Climate change is unequivocal. Farmers are increasingly vulnerable to floods and drought. In this article, the negative impact of climate hazards on rice cultivation in the Tonle Sap and Mekong River influenced by climatic variability between 1994 and 2018 are analyzed. A cohort of 536 households from four Cambodian districts participated in household surveys designed to consider how various vulnerability factors interacted across this time series. It was found that: (i) The major climate hazards affecting rice production between 1994 and 2018 were frequent and extreme flood and drought events caused by rainfall variability; (ii) In 2018, extreme flood and drought occurred in the same rice cultivation cycle. The impact caused by each hazard across each region were similar; (iii) An empirical model was used to demonstrate that drought events tend to limit access to irrigation, impact rice production, and result in an increased prevalence of water-borne diseases. Flood events cause reduced rice production, damage to housing, and impede children from accessing education. The impact of drought events on rice production was found to be more severe than flood events; however, each climatic hazard caused physical, economic, social, and environmental vulnerabilities. It is recommended that sufficient human and financial resources are distributed to local authorities to implement adaptation measures that prepare rice farmers for flood and drought events and promote equitable access to water resources.

ACS Style

Serey Sok; Nyda Chhinh; Sanara Hor; Pheakdey Nguonphan. Climate Change Impacts on Rice Cultivation: A Comparative Study of the Tonle Sap and Mekong River. Sustainability 2021, 13, 8979 .

AMA Style

Serey Sok, Nyda Chhinh, Sanara Hor, Pheakdey Nguonphan. Climate Change Impacts on Rice Cultivation: A Comparative Study of the Tonle Sap and Mekong River. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):8979.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Serey Sok; Nyda Chhinh; Sanara Hor; Pheakdey Nguonphan. 2021. "Climate Change Impacts on Rice Cultivation: A Comparative Study of the Tonle Sap and Mekong River." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 8979.

Article
Published: 06 July 2021 in Paddy and Water Environment
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The dependencies of the planting date on rainfall and soil moisture in paddy fields in Cambodia were analyzed to quantify farmers’ empirical knowledge regarding their decision of the planting date. Remote sensing data from multiple satellites covering the 2003–2019 period were analyzed. The planting dates in rain-fed paddies ranged from April to August, with large spatial variations and year-to-year fluctuations. In years when planting was suppressed in April and May, planting was extensively enhanced in June and August compared to normal years, and vice versa. Over the northeastern side of Tonle Sap Lake and south of Phnom Penh city, the areas planted in April and May were found to have positive correlations with rainfall and soil moisture, suggesting that wetter-than-average conditions encouraged farmers to plant earlier in the season. In contrast, this relationship was unclear on the western side of Tonle Sap Lake, where the rainfall amounts were larger throughout the year than in other areas in Cambodia. In this region, the relationship between the planting area and soil water availability was either unclear or was even slightly negative from June to August. Since more frequent dry spells have been detected after the onset of the rainy season in recent years, further studies and disseminations of potential changes in dry spells are important for the agronomic adaptation of planting dates under climate change.

ACS Style

Kumiko Tsujimoto; Kotaro Ono; Tetsu Ohta; Koemorn Chea; E-Nieng Muth; Sanara Hor; Lyda Hok. Multiyear analysis of the dependency of the planting date on rainfall and soil moisture in paddy fields in Cambodia, 2003–2019. Paddy and Water Environment 2021, 1 -14.

AMA Style

Kumiko Tsujimoto, Kotaro Ono, Tetsu Ohta, Koemorn Chea, E-Nieng Muth, Sanara Hor, Lyda Hok. Multiyear analysis of the dependency of the planting date on rainfall and soil moisture in paddy fields in Cambodia, 2003–2019. Paddy and Water Environment. 2021; ():1-14.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kumiko Tsujimoto; Kotaro Ono; Tetsu Ohta; Koemorn Chea; E-Nieng Muth; Sanara Hor; Lyda Hok. 2021. "Multiyear analysis of the dependency of the planting date on rainfall and soil moisture in paddy fields in Cambodia, 2003–2019." Paddy and Water Environment , no. : 1-14.

Journal article
Published: 18 May 2021 in Remote Sensing
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Rice is not merely a staple food but an important source of income in Cambodia. Rapid socioeconomic development in the country affects farmers’ management practices, and rice production has increased almost three-fold over two decades. However, detailed information about the recent changes in rice production is quite limited and mainly obtained from interviews and statistical data. Here, we analyzed MODIS LAI data (MCD152H) from 2003 to 2019 to quantify rice production changes in Pursat Province, one of the great rice-producing areas in Cambodia. Although the LAI showed large variations, the data clearly indicate that a major shift occurred in approximately 2010 after applying smoothing methods (i.e., hierarchical clustering and the moving average). This finding is consistent with the results of the interviews with the farmers, which indicate that earlier-maturing cultivars had been adopted. Geographical variations in the LAI pattern were illustrated at points analyzed along a transverse line from the mountainside to the lakeside. Furthermore, areas of dry season cropping were detected by the difference in monthly averaged MODIS LAI data between January and April, which was defined as the dry season rice index (DSRI) in this study. Consequently, three different types of dry season cropping areas were recognized by nonhierarchical clustering of the annual LAI transition. One of the cropping types involved an irrigation-water-receiving area supported by canal construction. The analysis of the peak LAI in the wet and dry seasons suggested that the increase in rice production was different among cropping types and that the stagnation of the improvements and the limitation of water resources are anticipated. This study provides valuable information about differences and changes in rice cropping to construct sustainable and further-improved rice production strategies.

ACS Style

Yu Iwahashi; Rongling Ye; Satoru Kobayashi; Kenjiro Yagura; Sanara Hor; Kim Soben; Koki Homma. Quantification of Changes in Rice Production for 2003–2019 with MODIS LAI Data in Pursat Province, Cambodia. Remote Sensing 2021, 13, 1971 .

AMA Style

Yu Iwahashi, Rongling Ye, Satoru Kobayashi, Kenjiro Yagura, Sanara Hor, Kim Soben, Koki Homma. Quantification of Changes in Rice Production for 2003–2019 with MODIS LAI Data in Pursat Province, Cambodia. Remote Sensing. 2021; 13 (10):1971.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yu Iwahashi; Rongling Ye; Satoru Kobayashi; Kenjiro Yagura; Sanara Hor; Kim Soben; Koki Homma. 2021. "Quantification of Changes in Rice Production for 2003–2019 with MODIS LAI Data in Pursat Province, Cambodia." Remote Sensing 13, no. 10: 1971.

Journal article
Published: 05 August 2014 in Journal of Agricultural Science
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In the northeastern Cambodian province of Ratanakiri, agricultural expansion has been a significant factor in the decline of forest coverage. As forests are essential for rural populations’ livelihoods and a healthy environment, this study presents the dynamics of this transformed forest landscape resulting from changes in farming, land accessibility and policy changes. A multitemporal dataset consisting of two ALOS/AVNIR-2 images in 2007 and 2011 were used to compare changes in land cover, and the panchromatic image of 2012 Worldview-1 acquired at 100 km 2 was used to access specific land-use patterns. Qualitative research methods ranging from an ethnographic method to qualitative data analysis were performed for gathering in-situ information to understand human-induced changes in land use. The results illustrate three triggers found at the local level, actively changing the forest landscape: (1) indigenous people transforming the swidden farming system to the mono-cropping system without external support and agricultural market information, (2) chaotic property market resulting from migrants purchasing existing farms or forest lands from indigenous people via land brokers, and (3) the introduction of land concessions by government via the 2001 Land Law, which allows agricultural cooperation to develop plantations.

ACS Style

Sanara Hor; Izuru Saizen; Narumasa Tsutsumida; Tsugihiro Watanabe; Shintaro Kobayashi. The Impact of Agricultural Expansion on Forest Cover in Ratanakiri Province, Cambodia. Journal of Agricultural Science 2014, 6, p46 .

AMA Style

Sanara Hor, Izuru Saizen, Narumasa Tsutsumida, Tsugihiro Watanabe, Shintaro Kobayashi. The Impact of Agricultural Expansion on Forest Cover in Ratanakiri Province, Cambodia. Journal of Agricultural Science. 2014; 6 (9):p46.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sanara Hor; Izuru Saizen; Narumasa Tsutsumida; Tsugihiro Watanabe; Shintaro Kobayashi. 2014. "The Impact of Agricultural Expansion on Forest Cover in Ratanakiri Province, Cambodia." Journal of Agricultural Science 6, no. 9: p46.