We analyze the determinants of real estate and credit bubbles using a unique borrower-lender matched dataset on mortgage loans in Spain. The dataset contain real estate credit and price conditions (loan principal and spread, and the appraisal and market price) at the mortgage level, matched with borrower characteristics (such as income, labor status and contract) and the lender identity, over the last credit boom and bust. We find that lending standards are softer in the boom than in the bust. Moreover, despite some adjustment in lending conditions in the good times depending on borrower risk, the results suggest too soft lending standards and excessive risk-taking in the boom. For example, mortgage spreads for non-employed are identical to employed borrowers during the boom. Banks with worse corporate governance problems soften even more the standards. Finally, we analyze the mechanism by which banks could increase the supply of mortgage loans despite of regulatory restrictions on LTVs. The evidence is consistent with banks encouraging real estate appraisal firms to introduce an upward bias in appraisal prices (29 %), to meet loan-to-value regulatory thresholds (40 % of mortgages are just bunched on these limits), thus building-up the credit and the real estate bubble.

This paper presents a comparative study of the price component of the physical characteristics and the location of apartments and hotels in order to compare their effect on the final price of both types of accommodation. In addition the authors carry out a comparative study of the price component of the point in time at which the stay was offered. For the price component of the actual place, substantial variability can be observed in the case of hotels, whereas little variability can be observed in the case of apartments. When seasonality is compared, slightly lower seasonality can be observed for hotels in relation to apartments throughout the period under study, and higher seasonality observed in the case of Spanish resorts (particularly the Balearic Islands) in comparison with French ones.