Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to provide comprehensive information on preventive maintenance (PM) planning and methods used in the industry in order to achieve an effective maintenance system. Design/methodology/approach: The literature review is organized in a way that provides the general overview of the researches done in the PM. This paper discusses the literatures that had been reviewed on four main topics, which are the holistic view of maintenance policies, PM planning, PM planning concept and PM planning-based in developing optimal planning in executing PM actions. Findings: PM policy is one of the original proactive techniques that has been used since the start of researches on maintenance system. Review of the methods presented in this paper shows that most researches analyse effectiveness using artificial intelligence, simulation, mathematical formulation, matrix formation, critical analysis and multi-criteria method. While in practice, PM activities were either planned based on cost, time or failure. Research trends on planning and methods for PM show that the variation of approaches used over the year from early 1990s until today. Practical implications: Research about PM is known to be extensively conducted and majority of companies applied the policy in their production line. However, most analysis and method suggested in published literatures were done based on mathematical computation rather than focussing on solution to real problems in the industry. This normally would lead to the problems in understanding by the practitioner. Therefore, this paper presented researches on PM planning and suggested on the methods that are practical, simple and effective for application in the real industry. Originality/value: The originality of this paper comes from its detail analysis of PM planning in term of its research focus and also direction for application. Extensive reviews on the methods adopted in relation to PM planning based on the planning-based such as cost-based, time-based and failure-based were also provided.

Purpose: – This paper reviews the literature on opportunistic maintenance (OM) as new advance maintenance approach and policy. The purpose of this paper is to conceptually identify common principle and thereby provide absolute definition, concept and characteristics of this policy. Design/methodology/approach: – A conceptual analysis was conducted on various literatures to clarify a number of principle and concepts as a method for understanding information on OM. The analysis involves the process of separating the compound terms used in the literatures into a few parts, analyse them and then recombining them to have more clear understanding of the policy. Findings: – The paper discussed the maintenance approach, genealogy, principle, concept and applications of OM both in numerical analysis and real industry. OM policy is developed based on combination of age replacement policy and block replacement policy and in practical; OM is applied as the combination of corrective maintenance which is applied when any failure occurred, with preventive maintenance (PM) – a planned and scheduled maintenance approach to prevent failure to happen. Any machine shutdown or stoppages due to failure is the “opportunity” to conduct PM even though it is not as planned. The characterization of OM was provided in order to present its theoretical novelty for researchers and practical significance for industries. Practical implications: – To date, there is no publication that reviews the OM in-depth and provides clear understanding on the topic. Therefore, this paper aims to show lineage of OM and the current trend in researches. This discussion will pave the way of new research areas on this optimal maintenance policy. Clear definition and principle of OM provided in this paper will trigger interest in its practicality as well as aid industries to understand and conduct OM in operation plant. Originality/value: – This paper discussed the available literature about OM in various perspectives and scopes for further understanding of the topic by maintenance management professionals and researchers. Therefore, OM can be widely studied and applied in real industry as it is an effective and optimal maintenance policy.

Purpose: This paper reviews the literature on maintenance strategies for energy efficiency as a potential maintenance approach. The purpose of this paper is to identify the main concept and common principle for each maintenance strategy for energy efficiency.Design/methodology/approach: A literature review has been carried out on maintenance and energy efficiency. The paper systematically classified the literature into three maintenance strategies (e.g. inspection-based maintenance [IBM], time-based maintenance [TBM] and condition-based maintenance [CBM]). The concept and principle of each maintenance strategy are identified, compared and discussed.Findings: Each maintenance strategy's main concept and principle are identified based on the following criteria: data required and collection, data analysis/modeling and decision-making. IBM relies on human senses and common senses to detect energy faults. Any detected energy losses are quantified to energy cost. A payback period analysis is commonly used to justify corrective actions. On the other hand, CBM monitors relevant parameters that indicate energy performance indicators (EnPIs). Data analysis or deterioration modeling is needed to identify energy degradation. For the diagnostics approach, the energy degradation is compared with the threshold to justify corrective maintenance. The prognostics approach estimates when energy degradation reaches its threshold; therefore, proper maintenance tasks can be planned. On the other hand, TBM uses historical data from energy monitoring. Data analysis or deterioration modeling is required to identify degradation. Further analysis is performed to find the optimal time to perform a maintenance task. The comparison between housekeeping, IBM and CBM is also discussed and presented.Practical implications: The literature on the classification of maintenance strategies for energy efficiency has been limited. On the other hand, the ISO 50001 energy management systems standard shows the importance of maintenance for energy efficiency (MFEE). Therefore, to bridge the gap between research and industry, the proposed concept and principle of maintenance strategies will be helpful for practitioners to apply maintenance strategies as energy conservation measures in implementing ISO 50001 standard.Originality/value: The novelty of this paper is in-depth discussion on the concept and principle of each maintenance strategy (e.g. housekeeping or IBM, TBM and CBM) for energy efficiency. The relevant literature for each maintenance strategy was also summarized. In addition, basic rules for maintenance strategy selection are also proposed.

In maintenance system, the increasing complexity of the manufacturing system and the joint optimization of maintenance is catching the attention of researches. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to review the literatures on joint optimization of maintenance with other interrelated functions in the manufacturing system. The classification is made based on the type of decision variables, which are production planning (production scheduling, lot sizing and buffer) and spare part inventory management. The relationships and dependencies are explain in the discussion to show the significance of the integrated model. Most studies considered two functions in their integrated model, which is either maintenance policy with production planning or maintenance policy with spare part management. It can be observe that research on optimization of more than two functions is still new and yet to be explore. Moreover, most researches focused at the decision-making phase without extensive discussion in various functions that might involve. The objective function which is the cost is also presented in the paper. The objective function is categorized into two criteria: maintenance related cost and also inventory and spare part related cost.

Maintenance is an important issue that needs to be addressed during the design and manufacturing or building of a system. Both Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) and Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) have its own concepts and principles as a maintenance strategy to give impact to the performance and reliability of the system. Therefore, in this research, the TPM will be studied with RCM to show their relationship. Based on the conceptual analysis, the author will analyze publications from journals, books, and articles to find all related information, such as genealogy, definition, concepts, and principle, and implementation of both strategy. The conceptual method used is Näsi’s four elements of conceptual analysis and a questionnaire survey method which has been answered electronically to study the current maintenance strategies in the real industries and to relate it to TPM and RCM. The result of the study shows that TPM had started in 1970 while RCM started in the 1960s, but the foundation of TPM and RCM was started in 1950s with Breakdown Maintenance (BM). TPM is basically about elimination of faults through day-today activities involving the entire force work while the concept of RCM is to improve equipment reliability. The objective of TPM is to achieve zero breakdowns, zero defects, and zero accidents while TPM is to preserve the functions. Although both are using different tools but both are linked together through the Lean Tool and can increase product quality, equipment reliability, increase safety, and increase profit. From the survey result, most of the respondent comes from the companies that implementing traditional maintenance (PM and CM) rather than TPM and RCM. TPM mostly can be implemented in big plant industries while RCM can be applied in small or medium size plant.

Studies to understand the development of the theory and implementation of effective Maritime Safety Management are essential to examine its performance. Therefore, this study aims to identify trends that review Maritime Safety Management using the literature study design model. Data were collected from articles published in Scopus-indexed international journals from 2012 to 2022 and analyzed qualitatively using the Interactive data analysis model. This result showed that the trends responsible include the Effectiveness of the Safety Management System (SMS), developing the model, and identifying sources that raised safety problems. This study discussed these findings in detail, supported by the latest theory and empirical foundation. Furthermore, aspects not examined in preliminary studies were evaluated based on the trend with the evolution of a standard for a SMS, namely the ISM code. Irrespective of implementing this code, ships can still be detained for various reasons. This led to use the AHP-TOPSIS combination method to analyze all findings issued during periodical verification to evaluate the implementation of the SMS on board ship.