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A. Palliotti
Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences (DSA3), University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy

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Journal article
Published: 26 May 2021 in Agronomy
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The aim of this study was to analyze the mid-term influence of minimum tillage (MT) combined with early leaf removal (ELR) on the performance of the black grapevine variety Nerello Mascalese (Vitis vinifera L.). The research was carried out from 2015 to 2018 in a vineyard located in the Mount Etna area, East Sicily, Southern Italy. An average of about 8000 cm2 of leaves were removed from the ELR vines, corresponding to a canopy defoliation of 44% in 2017 and 30% in 2018. As for the stem water potential of both primary and lateral leaves, ELR-MT treatment showed the best performance (up to −0.4 MPa) among the four combinations. In 2017, no differences in yield/vine were found among treatments, whereas in 2018 the yield was significantly lower in ELR treatments. Among the different treatments performed, the ELR-MT showed the best results both in terms of physiological plant parameters (water status and photosynthetic activity) and fruit quality (higher concentration of sugars and total anthocyanins and polyphenols). ELR-MT treatment is also associated with a lower incidence of tillage operations from four to only one per year (−60–70 h/ha). In contrast to what was observed in the first 3 years of application (i.e., from 2015 to 2017), yield was heavily penalized during the fourth year of application (2018), probably due to the excessive depletion of nutritional reserves, the reduction of bud fertility and the unfavorable meteorological condition. For these reasons, the ELR-MT combination might require an interruption every 2–3 years of application.

ACS Style

Elisabetta Nicolosi; Valeria Iovino; Gaetano Distefano; Mario Di Guardo; Stefano La Malfa; Alessandra Gentile; Alberto Palliotti; Giuseppina Las Casas; Filippo Ferlito. Mid-Term Effects of Conservative Soil Management and Fruit-Zone Early Leaf Removal Treatments on the Performance of Nerello Mascalese (Vitis vinifera L.) Grapes on Mount Etna (Southern Italy). Agronomy 2021, 11, 1070 .

AMA Style

Elisabetta Nicolosi, Valeria Iovino, Gaetano Distefano, Mario Di Guardo, Stefano La Malfa, Alessandra Gentile, Alberto Palliotti, Giuseppina Las Casas, Filippo Ferlito. Mid-Term Effects of Conservative Soil Management and Fruit-Zone Early Leaf Removal Treatments on the Performance of Nerello Mascalese (Vitis vinifera L.) Grapes on Mount Etna (Southern Italy). Agronomy. 2021; 11 (6):1070.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisabetta Nicolosi; Valeria Iovino; Gaetano Distefano; Mario Di Guardo; Stefano La Malfa; Alessandra Gentile; Alberto Palliotti; Giuseppina Las Casas; Filippo Ferlito. 2021. "Mid-Term Effects of Conservative Soil Management and Fruit-Zone Early Leaf Removal Treatments on the Performance of Nerello Mascalese (Vitis vinifera L.) Grapes on Mount Etna (Southern Italy)." Agronomy 11, no. 6: 1070.

Journal article
Published: 17 May 2021 in Sustainability
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Wine production is a key sector for the Italian economy, representing 13 billion euros per year. The proportion of the market raises concerns about improving the production technology at low cost, safe practices, and low environmental impacts. The recurrent life cycle assessment performed does not report on the impacts of frost protection. This study presents the potential environmental impact of a novel late frost protection technique for vineyards that is currently under development. It consists of an organic coating made of sugar and straw to prevent vine damage due to frosts in vineyards in the coldest hours of late winter and early spring. From previous research at the University of Perugia (Italy), the technique has proven to be an effective protection method for vine shoots. Currently, the yields are protected by highly energy-demanding methods. For this study, we simulated two different scenarios of frosting protection so we could point out possible hotspots for the field application of the novel method and compare it to a technique usually employed in central Italy. Under the Centrum voor Milieukunde Leiden (CML) method, the cotton candy technique is estimated at 316 kg CO2 equivalent emissions for hectare. Employing the organic sugar-coating means avoiding 69,375 kg of CO2 eq. compared to the traditional technique of oak wood-burning into the vineyard. Preliminary cost analysis demonstrated the economic viability of implementing the organic coating.

ACS Style

Fabiana Frota De Albuquerque Landi; Alessia Di Giuseppe; Alberto Gambelli; Alberto Palliotti; Andrea Nicolini; Anna Pisello; Federico Rossi. Life Cycle Assessment of an Innovative Technology against Late Frosts in Vineyard. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5562 .

AMA Style

Fabiana Frota De Albuquerque Landi, Alessia Di Giuseppe, Alberto Gambelli, Alberto Palliotti, Andrea Nicolini, Anna Pisello, Federico Rossi. Life Cycle Assessment of an Innovative Technology against Late Frosts in Vineyard. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (10):5562.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fabiana Frota De Albuquerque Landi; Alessia Di Giuseppe; Alberto Gambelli; Alberto Palliotti; Andrea Nicolini; Anna Pisello; Federico Rossi. 2021. "Life Cycle Assessment of an Innovative Technology against Late Frosts in Vineyard." Sustainability 13, no. 10: 5562.

Journal article
Published: 27 October 2020 in Scientia Horticulturae
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Biostimulants have recently been used in sustainable agriculture systems to improve plant growth and resilience to biotic and abiotic stress. In this study, foliar (ANEfl) and soil (ANEsl) A. nodosum extract applications were studied to elucidate the impact of different delivery methods on grapevines physiology either under well-watered conditions (WW) or under a water deficit period and a subsequent water recovery (WS). ANEfl increased leaf soluble sugars and photosynthesis of WW vines. Under progressive WS conditions, ANEfl positively impacted leaf gas exchange and water use efficiency (+35 % as compared to untreated vines) at Ψstem about -0.65 MPa. Photosynthesis was also improved during the re-watering period (+2.7 μmol CO2 m−2 s-1) via preserved photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm +0.19 as compared to untreated vines) and enhanced leaf anatomical and biochemical traits (+8% leaf dry matter and +27.3 mg/g DW of leaf soluble sugars). Contrarily, when soil applied, A. nodosum extracts did not significantly improve vine physiology during the reduced water supply period and only mild effects were detected at re-watering. Results demonstrates that foliar applications of A. nodosum extracts could be an alternative sustainable tool to improve grapevine physiological performances under mild-to-moderate water deficit and to preserve photosystems integrity and vineyard resilience when water limiting conditions get more severe.

ACS Style

Tommaso Frioni; Joshua VanderWeide; Alberto Palliotti; Sergio Tombesi; Stefano Poni; Paolo Sabbatini. Foliar vs. soil application of Ascophyllum nodosum extracts to improve grapevine water stress tolerance. Scientia Horticulturae 2020, 277, 109807 .

AMA Style

Tommaso Frioni, Joshua VanderWeide, Alberto Palliotti, Sergio Tombesi, Stefano Poni, Paolo Sabbatini. Foliar vs. soil application of Ascophyllum nodosum extracts to improve grapevine water stress tolerance. Scientia Horticulturae. 2020; 277 ():109807.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tommaso Frioni; Joshua VanderWeide; Alberto Palliotti; Sergio Tombesi; Stefano Poni; Paolo Sabbatini. 2020. "Foliar vs. soil application of Ascophyllum nodosum extracts to improve grapevine water stress tolerance." Scientia Horticulturae 277, no. : 109807.

Original article
Published: 07 September 2020 in Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
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The thermal increase, due to the changed climatic context, is leading to marked variations in the yield and quality of the grapes and causing an increase in the use of water resources in several viticultural areas. Nevertheless, in some environments, rainfalls are scarce and there is no water availability. In this study, we compared the impact of low water irrigation volumes (DI, replacement of 70% of crop evapotranspiration) with respect to non-irrigated vines (NI), on the physiological, yield and qualitative performances of near-isohydric variety ‘Montepulciano’, trained to overhead trellis system, which requires a high-water supply. The stomatal conductance and photosynthesis values, in basal and median leaves, were higher in DI vines. All NI leaves suffered water stress, showing in the youngest leaves (position 20 and 25 along the main shoot) higher carbon isotope discrimination (δ13C) (− 25.38‰ and 25–25.77‰, respectively). At harvest, DI vines showed yield higher of 30% and 33% than NI vines in 2005 and 2006, respectively, and 18% in 2007. In environments with prolonged water shortage and low water resource, near-isohydric ‘Montepulciano’ vines, trained to overhead trellis system and irrigated with limited volumes, determined a significant improvement of ‘vineyard efficiency’ with a yield of 19.2 t/ha with respect to 13.4 t/ha of NI vines, ensuring also more sugar content (+ 31%), anthocyanin concentration (+ 13%) and polyphenolic substances (+ 8%) than NI vines.

ACS Style

Oriana Silvestroni; Alberto Palliotti; Bruno Di Lena; Vitale Nuzzo; Paolo Sabbatini; Tania Lattanzi; Vania Lanari. Effects of limited irrigation water volumes on near-isohydric ‘Montepulciano’ vines trained to overhead trellis system. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 2020, 42, 1 -12.

AMA Style

Oriana Silvestroni, Alberto Palliotti, Bruno Di Lena, Vitale Nuzzo, Paolo Sabbatini, Tania Lattanzi, Vania Lanari. Effects of limited irrigation water volumes on near-isohydric ‘Montepulciano’ vines trained to overhead trellis system. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum. 2020; 42 (9):1-12.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Oriana Silvestroni; Alberto Palliotti; Bruno Di Lena; Vitale Nuzzo; Paolo Sabbatini; Tania Lattanzi; Vania Lanari. 2020. "Effects of limited irrigation water volumes on near-isohydric ‘Montepulciano’ vines trained to overhead trellis system." Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 42, no. 9: 1-12.

Journal article
Published: 04 August 2020 in Sustainability
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Late frosts are one of the major impact factors on agriculture worldwide with large economic losses for agricultural crops, with a significant impact also in wine production. Given the importance of the wine sector in the world, more and more efforts are being made to identify innovative techniques capable of creating a low-cost and effective protection for vine shoots, as well as reducing energy consumption. In a previous work, cotton candy was identified as an insulating material to solve the problems related to late frosts on vineyards and limit its damages as much as possible. From the results of the previous research, it has proved that cotton candy is an excellent thermal insulator, but it degrades quickly in windy conditions. Thus, climatic tests carried out in windy condition showed that straw can greatly slow down the degradation of cotton candy over time, giving an indirect contribution to the protective effectiveness of cotton candy. In addition, several tests were conducted with different amounts of sugar and straw without wind to evaluate whether the straw can itself make a contribution in terms of thermal insulation, as well as contribute to the protective effectiveness of cotton candy, minimizing energy use as well.

ACS Style

Alessia Di Giuseppe; Alberto Gambelli; Federico Rossi; Andrea Nicolini; Nicola Ceccarelli; Alberto Palliotti. Insulating Organic Material as a Protection System against Late Frost Damages on the Vine Shoots. Sustainability 2020, 12, 6279 .

AMA Style

Alessia Di Giuseppe, Alberto Gambelli, Federico Rossi, Andrea Nicolini, Nicola Ceccarelli, Alberto Palliotti. Insulating Organic Material as a Protection System against Late Frost Damages on the Vine Shoots. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (15):6279.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alessia Di Giuseppe; Alberto Gambelli; Federico Rossi; Andrea Nicolini; Nicola Ceccarelli; Alberto Palliotti. 2020. "Insulating Organic Material as a Protection System against Late Frost Damages on the Vine Shoots." Sustainability 12, no. 15: 6279.

Journal article
Published: 13 July 2020 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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In many viticulture regions, multiple summer stresses are occurring with increased frequency and severity because of warming trends. Kaolin-based particle film technology is a technique that can mitigate the negative effects of intense and/or prolonged drought on grapevine physiology. Although a primary mechanism of action of kaolin is the increase of radiation reflection, some indirect effects are the protection of canopy functionality and faster stress recovery by abscisic acid (ABA) regulation. The physiological mechanism underlying the kaolin regulation of canopy functionality under water deficit is still poorly understood. In a dry-down experiment carried out on grapevines, at the peak of stress and when control vines zeroed whole-canopy net CO2 exchange rates/leaf area (NCER/LA), kaolin-treated vines maintained positive NCER/LA (~2 µmol m−2 s−1) and canopy transpiration (E) (0.57 µmol m−2 s−1). Kaolin-coated leaves had a higher violaxanthin (Vx) + antheraxanthin (Ax) + zeaxanthin (Zx) pool and a significantly lower neoxanthin (Nx) content (VAZ) when water deficit became severe. At the peak of water shortage, leaf ABA suddenly increased by 4-fold in control vines, whereas in kaolin-coated leaves the variation of ABA content was limited. Overall, kaolin prevented the biosynthesis of ABA by avoiding the deviation of the VAZ epoxidation/de-epoxidation cycle into the ABA precursor (i.e., Nx) biosynthetic direction. The preservation of the active VAZ cycle and transpiration led to an improved dissipation of exceeding electrons, explaining the higher resilience of canopy functionality expressed by canopies sprayed by kaolin. These results point out the interaction of kaolin with the regulation of the VAZ cycle and the active mechanism of stomatal conductance regulation.

ACS Style

Tommaso Frioni; Sergio Tombesi; Paolo Sabbatini; Cecilia Squeri; Nieves Lavado Rodas; Alberto Palliotti; Stefano Poni. Kaolin Reduces ABA Biosynthesis Through the Inhibition of Neoxanthin Synthesis in Grapevines Under Water Deficit. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, 21, 4950 .

AMA Style

Tommaso Frioni, Sergio Tombesi, Paolo Sabbatini, Cecilia Squeri, Nieves Lavado Rodas, Alberto Palliotti, Stefano Poni. Kaolin Reduces ABA Biosynthesis Through the Inhibition of Neoxanthin Synthesis in Grapevines Under Water Deficit. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21 (14):4950.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tommaso Frioni; Sergio Tombesi; Paolo Sabbatini; Cecilia Squeri; Nieves Lavado Rodas; Alberto Palliotti; Stefano Poni. 2020. "Kaolin Reduces ABA Biosynthesis Through the Inhibition of Neoxanthin Synthesis in Grapevines Under Water Deficit." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 14: 4950.

Journal article
Published: 12 December 2019 in Scientia Horticulturae
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The aim of the study was to verify if a new kaolin formulation, which contains 100% aluminium silicate, can reduce the negative effects of high summer temperatures and heat stress on canopy physiological processes, yield and fruit quality in hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.). Kaolin was applied on young Tonda Giffoni plants three times in 2018 summer at 3% concentration: sprays were carried out when the maximum air temperature exceeded 35 °C for 2–3 consecutive days. Kaolin coating increased light albedo, reducing leaf temperature from 2.9 °C up to 6.9 °C and the consequent heat stress, without significant negative effects on photosynthetic activity (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs) and water use efficiency (WUE). Occasionally kaolin significantly reduced leaf transpiration (E). Under water shortage stomatal resistance increased, independent of leaf temperature, therefore in kaolin treated plants (KL plants) the Pn, gs, E and WUE were less than those in control, whereas in post-harvest period Pn and WUE were significantly higher. At re - watering the KL plants have greater Pn and WUE values and less water loss due to transpiration. Moreover, summer rainfall is not able to wash out the whole kaolin covering, allowing an average foliar coverage of the kaolin sufficient to protect the photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm). At harvest, the KL plants showed a higher kernel yield and oil content. Kaolin application is a viable strategy to contrast the increase of anomalous high temperature due to actual global warming and can allow to extend hazelnut growing in areas where summer heat stress are limiting.

ACS Style

Elisa Luciani; Alberto Palliotti; Tommaso Frioni; Sergio Tombesi; Fabiola Villa; Claudia Zadra; Daniela Farinelli. Kaolin treatments on Tonda Giffoni hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) for the control of heat stress damages. Scientia Horticulturae 2019, 263, 109097 .

AMA Style

Elisa Luciani, Alberto Palliotti, Tommaso Frioni, Sergio Tombesi, Fabiola Villa, Claudia Zadra, Daniela Farinelli. Kaolin treatments on Tonda Giffoni hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) for the control of heat stress damages. Scientia Horticulturae. 2019; 263 ():109097.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisa Luciani; Alberto Palliotti; Tommaso Frioni; Sergio Tombesi; Fabiola Villa; Claudia Zadra; Daniela Farinelli. 2019. "Kaolin treatments on Tonda Giffoni hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) for the control of heat stress damages." Scientia Horticulturae 263, no. : 109097.

Journal article
Published: 02 November 2019 in Remote Sensing
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Several remote sensing technologies have been tested in precision viticulture to characterize vineyard spatial variability, from traditional aircraft and satellite platforms to recent unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Imagery processing is still a challenge due to the traditional row-based architecture, where the inter-row soil provides a high to full presence of mixed pixels. In this case, UAV images combined with filtering techniques represent the solution to analyze pure canopy pixels and were used to benchmark the effectiveness of Sentinel-2 (S2) performance in overhead training systems. At harvest time, UAV filtered and unfiltered images and ground sampling data were used to validate the correlation between the S2 normalized difference vegetation indices (NDVIs) with vegetative and productive parameters in two vineyards (V1 and V2). Regarding the UAV vs. S2 NDVI comparison, in both vineyards, satellite data showed a high correlation both with UAV unfiltered and filtered images (V1 R2 = 0.80 and V2 R2 = 0.60 mean values). Ground data and remote sensing platform NDVIs correlation were strong for yield and biomass in both vineyards (R2 from 0.60 to 0.95). These results demonstrate the effectiveness of spatial resolution provided by S2 on overhead trellis system viticulture, promoting precision viticulture also within areas that are currently managed without the support of innovative technologies.

ACS Style

Salvatore Filippo Di Gennaro; Riccardo Dainelli; Alberto Palliotti; Piero Toscano; Alessandro Matese. Sentinel-2 Validation for Spatial Variability Assessment in Overhead Trellis System Viticulture Versus UAV and Agronomic Data. Remote Sensing 2019, 11, 2573 .

AMA Style

Salvatore Filippo Di Gennaro, Riccardo Dainelli, Alberto Palliotti, Piero Toscano, Alessandro Matese. Sentinel-2 Validation for Spatial Variability Assessment in Overhead Trellis System Viticulture Versus UAV and Agronomic Data. Remote Sensing. 2019; 11 (21):2573.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Salvatore Filippo Di Gennaro; Riccardo Dainelli; Alberto Palliotti; Piero Toscano; Alessandro Matese. 2019. "Sentinel-2 Validation for Spatial Variability Assessment in Overhead Trellis System Viticulture Versus UAV and Agronomic Data." Remote Sensing 11, no. 21: 2573.

Journal article
Published: 24 July 2019 in Scientia Horticulturae
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The effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) on vegetative and reproductive cycle of young hazelnut plants, cv. Tonda Giffoni, under high temperature and low water availability was investigated. Hazelnut plants were inoculated with G. iranicum for two consecutive years in spring. G. iranicum improved the leaf physiological performances, preserved the integrity of the chloroplast photosystems, promoting the recovery, and raises the chlorophyll content in the summer when the vegetative activity and fruit growth occur. In AM plants, leaves were kept functional for longer period and photosynthetic activity was higher in post-harvest period which coincides with the second peak of radical activity and the beginning of senescence (Tombesi, 1979). Moreover, the AM plants had a more intense vegetative growth and higher yield and kernel oil content. These results point out the beneficial effect of G. iranicum for hazelnut cultivation and its potential to mitigate the effect of climate change on this crop.

ACS Style

Elisa Luciani; Alberto Palliotti; Sergio Tombesi; Tiziano Gardi; Maurizio Micheli; Julian Garcia Berrios; Claudia Zadra; Daniela Farinelli. Mitigation of multiple summer stresses on hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.): effects of the new arbuscular mycorrhiza Glomus iranicum tenuihypharum sp. nova. Scientia Horticulturae 2019, 257, 108659 .

AMA Style

Elisa Luciani, Alberto Palliotti, Sergio Tombesi, Tiziano Gardi, Maurizio Micheli, Julian Garcia Berrios, Claudia Zadra, Daniela Farinelli. Mitigation of multiple summer stresses on hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.): effects of the new arbuscular mycorrhiza Glomus iranicum tenuihypharum sp. nova. Scientia Horticulturae. 2019; 257 ():108659.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisa Luciani; Alberto Palliotti; Sergio Tombesi; Tiziano Gardi; Maurizio Micheli; Julian Garcia Berrios; Claudia Zadra; Daniela Farinelli. 2019. "Mitigation of multiple summer stresses on hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.): effects of the new arbuscular mycorrhiza Glomus iranicum tenuihypharum sp. nova." Scientia Horticulturae 257, no. : 108659.

Journal article
Published: 17 April 2019 in Agronomy
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Hailstorms are typically localized events, and very little is known about their effect on crops. The objective of this study was to examine the physiological and vine performance responses to natural hail, registered four weeks after full bloom, of field-grown Thompson seedless (Vitis vinifera L.) grapevines, one of the most important table grape varieties cultivated in Greece and especially in the Corinthian region in northeastern Peloponnese. Leaf gas exchange, vegetative growth, vine balance indices, cane wood reserves, yield components, and fruit chemical composition were recorded from hail-damaged vines and compared with control vines. Visibly, the extent of the hailstorm damage was great enough to injure or remove leaves as well as cause partial stem bruising and partial injury or total cracking of berries. Our results indicated that natural hail did not affect leaf photosynthesis, berry weight, total acidity, and cane wood reserves but significantly reduced the total leaf area, yield, and the total phenolics of berries at harvest. At the same time, hail-damaged vines increased the leaf area of lateral canes and presented a higher total soluble solid (TSS) accumulation, while no effect on the next year’s fertility was registered. The present work is the first attempt to enhance our understanding of the vegetative yield, berry quality, and physiological responses of grapevines to natural hail, which is an extreme and complex natural phenomenon that is likely to increase due to climate change.

ACS Style

Despoina G. Petoumenou; Katerina Biniari; Efstratios Xyrafis; Dimitrios Mavronasios; Ioannis Daskalakis; Alberto Palliotti. Effects of Natural Hail on the Growth, Physiological Characteristics, Yield, and Quality of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Thompson Seedless under Mediterranean Growing Conditions. Agronomy 2019, 9, 197 .

AMA Style

Despoina G. Petoumenou, Katerina Biniari, Efstratios Xyrafis, Dimitrios Mavronasios, Ioannis Daskalakis, Alberto Palliotti. Effects of Natural Hail on the Growth, Physiological Characteristics, Yield, and Quality of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Thompson Seedless under Mediterranean Growing Conditions. Agronomy. 2019; 9 (4):197.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Despoina G. Petoumenou; Katerina Biniari; Efstratios Xyrafis; Dimitrios Mavronasios; Ioannis Daskalakis; Alberto Palliotti. 2019. "Effects of Natural Hail on the Growth, Physiological Characteristics, Yield, and Quality of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Thompson Seedless under Mediterranean Growing Conditions." Agronomy 9, no. 4: 197.

Conference paper
Published: 01 April 2019 in BIO Web of Conferences
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The aim of the study was to verify if vineyard kaolin application during the 2017 hot summer could reduce the negative effects of high temperatures and heat stress on canopy physiological processes, yield and fruit quality. The kaolin was applied once at the beginning of August, at 3% concentration, in a Pinot Noir vineyard. The application was performed only to the west side of the rows, where the vines were more subjected to heat stress. The 2017 summer was very hot, with maximum air temperature higher than 35 °C for several consecutive days in June, July and August and with heat waves that reached 42.3 °C in August. The kaolin coating works by significantly reducing leaf temperatures in comparison to untreated vines, with an average of about − 4 °C and up to −6 °C. Moreover, it maintains high the photosynthetic activity preventing irreversible photoinhibition phenomena, whereas untreated vines exhibit a marked physiological damage with chlorotic and necrotic leaves, dehydrated berries and sunburn damages. At harvest, 30-35% of the untreated vines were affected by severe water stress symptoms and produced unmarketable fruits. In comparison to the untreated vines, those sprayed with kaolin showed a higher yield (+27%), higher anthocyanins (+35%) and higher concentration of organic acids (+11%)

ACS Style

Tommaso Frioni; Sergio Tombesi; Elisa Luciani; Paolo Sabbatini; Julian G. Berrios; Alberto Palliotti. Kaolin treatments on Pinot noir grapevines for the control of heat stress damages. BIO Web of Conferences 2019, 13, 04004 .

AMA Style

Tommaso Frioni, Sergio Tombesi, Elisa Luciani, Paolo Sabbatini, Julian G. Berrios, Alberto Palliotti. Kaolin treatments on Pinot noir grapevines for the control of heat stress damages. BIO Web of Conferences. 2019; 13 ():04004.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tommaso Frioni; Sergio Tombesi; Elisa Luciani; Paolo Sabbatini; Julian G. Berrios; Alberto Palliotti. 2019. "Kaolin treatments on Pinot noir grapevines for the control of heat stress damages." BIO Web of Conferences 13, no. : 04004.

Conference paper
Published: 01 April 2019 in BIO Web of Conferences
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During the spring of 2016, one-year-old own-rooted and 3-year-old grafted vines of cv. Sangiovese were treated with MycoUp, a formulation based on a recently identified mycorrhizal fungus, Glomus iranicum var. tenuihypharum sp. nova. The results are showing an impact on the development of the root system of the two different vine groups. The treated root systems were more expanded and able to explore a higher volume of soil. We observed a significant increase in total root volume and the volume of the soil explored by the entire root system, suggesting a more efficient use of water and nutrients, phosphorus in particular, with the potential of better overcoming periods of water stress.

ACS Style

Elisa Luciani; Tommaso Frioni; Sergio Tombesi; Daniela Farinelli; Tiziano Gardi; Anna Ricci; Paolo Sabbatini; Alberto Palliotti. Effects of a new arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (Glomus iranicum) on grapevine development. BIO Web of Conferences 2019, 13, 04018 .

AMA Style

Elisa Luciani, Tommaso Frioni, Sergio Tombesi, Daniela Farinelli, Tiziano Gardi, Anna Ricci, Paolo Sabbatini, Alberto Palliotti. Effects of a new arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (Glomus iranicum) on grapevine development. BIO Web of Conferences. 2019; 13 ():04018.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elisa Luciani; Tommaso Frioni; Sergio Tombesi; Daniela Farinelli; Tiziano Gardi; Anna Ricci; Paolo Sabbatini; Alberto Palliotti. 2019. "Effects of a new arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (Glomus iranicum) on grapevine development." BIO Web of Conferences 13, no. : 04018.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2018 in Acta Horticulturae
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ACS Style

S. Tombesi; D. Farinelli; A. Palliotti; S. Poni; T.M. DeJong. Xylem manipulation techniques affecting tree vigour in peach and olive trees. Acta Horticulturae 2018, 91 -96.

AMA Style

S. Tombesi, D. Farinelli, A. Palliotti, S. Poni, T.M. DeJong. Xylem manipulation techniques affecting tree vigour in peach and olive trees. Acta Horticulturae. 2018; (1228):91-96.

Chicago/Turabian Style

S. Tombesi; D. Farinelli; A. Palliotti; S. Poni; T.M. DeJong. 2018. "Xylem manipulation techniques affecting tree vigour in peach and olive trees." Acta Horticulturae , no. 1228: 91-96.

Journal article
Published: 25 October 2018 in Environmental and Experimental Botany
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Important processes such as plant respiration, repair of damaged photosystems and carbohydrate translocation occurs during night. The lack of photosyntate translocation can influence photosynthetic efficiency of the leaves in the subsequent day. Night temperature can play and important role influencing the carbohydrate translocation. The aim of the work was to test the effect of night temperature on the photosynthetic activity, and to assess the correlation between the accumulation of carbohydrates in the leaves due to the reduction of their overnight translocation. In two experiments, taking into account whole canopy and single leaf CO2 assimilation of Vitis vinifera, night temperature was correlated with the variation of CO2 assimilation between the afternoon and the subsequent morning. In a controlled experiment, such variation was correlated with the accumulation of carbohydrates in the leaves in particular for low night temperatures, suggesting a mechanism of end product feedback down regulation. High night temperature caused a poor export of carbohydrates from the leaf, but the increase of respiration caused a consistent decrease of the carbohydrate content in the leaf. In conclusion, night temperature plays a pivotal role in the carbon translocation during the night. Further to its impact on source-sink relationship, this mechanism can have an important impact on the CO2 assimilation of the plant during the day that can be negatively affected either by relatively low and relatively high temperature during the night.

ACS Style

S. Tombesi; I. Cincera; T. Frioni; V. Ughini; M. Gatti; A. Palliotti; S. Poni. Relationship among night temperature, carbohydrate translocation and inhibition of grapevine leaf photosynthesis. Environmental and Experimental Botany 2018, 157, 293 -298.

AMA Style

S. Tombesi, I. Cincera, T. Frioni, V. Ughini, M. Gatti, A. Palliotti, S. Poni. Relationship among night temperature, carbohydrate translocation and inhibition of grapevine leaf photosynthesis. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 2018; 157 ():293-298.

Chicago/Turabian Style

S. Tombesi; I. Cincera; T. Frioni; V. Ughini; M. Gatti; A. Palliotti; S. Poni. 2018. "Relationship among night temperature, carbohydrate translocation and inhibition of grapevine leaf photosynthesis." Environmental and Experimental Botany 157, no. : 293-298.

Original article
Published: 23 September 2018 in Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research
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Background and Aims Higher temperature during the season is forcing growers in Central Italy to explore ways to reliably control vine yield and grape ripening, while maintaining grape composition. The most common approaches include altering winter pruning, shoot thinning (St), leaf removal and bunch thinning. These studies, however, rarely evaluated these practices in concert and over multiple seasons. Methods and Results From 2009 to 2013, five treatments were applied to Vitis vinifera L. cv. Montepulciano: winter pruning only (Wp, Control); Wp plus St; St plus pre‐flowering defoliation (St + Dpa); St plus pre‐veraison defoliation (St + Dpv); and St + Dpv plus bunch thinning (St + Dpv + Bt) applied prior to veraison. Effects on canopy architecture, yield, ripening and berry composition were measured. Compared to Wp, St, St + Dpv and St + Dpv + Bt treatments reduced leaf area and leaf layer number in the fruiting zone, while St + Dpv + Bt reduced yield. No treatment slowed ripening. The treatment St + Dpa reduced yield and the incidence of Botrytis cinerea, and improved fruit composition, but increased TSS in berries. All treatments were ceased after 2013 and the vines were pruned in winter only. The treatment St + Dpa imposed in 2013 had a strong carry‐over effect on yield but not TSS in 2014. Conclusions Shoot thinning alone reduced canopy density but failed to reduce yield or improve fruit composition. Both the St + Dpv and St + Dpv + Ct treatments provided a more open fruit zone, had no effect on yield and increased TSS in fruit at harvest. Shoot thinning plus pre‐flowering defoliation decreased yield and improved berry composition in a Mediterranean climate; however, given its observed carry‐over effects on yield this approach should be applied only in alternate years, suggesting the need for further research exploring additional viticultural practices. Significance of the Study Despite some benefits of St, defoliation and bunch thinning on their own or even in concert, no combination tested was consistently effective for controlling vine yield and grape ripening, while maintaining grape composition.

ACS Style

O. Silvestroni; V. Lanari; T. Lattanzi; A. Palliotti; Joshua VanderWeide; P. Sabbatini. Canopy management strategies to control yield and grape composition of Montepulciano grapevines. Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research 2018, 25, 30 -42.

AMA Style

O. Silvestroni, V. Lanari, T. Lattanzi, A. Palliotti, Joshua VanderWeide, P. Sabbatini. Canopy management strategies to control yield and grape composition of Montepulciano grapevines. Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research. 2018; 25 (1):30-42.

Chicago/Turabian Style

O. Silvestroni; V. Lanari; T. Lattanzi; A. Palliotti; Joshua VanderWeide; P. Sabbatini. 2018. "Canopy management strategies to control yield and grape composition of Montepulciano grapevines." Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research 25, no. 1: 30-42.

Original article
Published: 16 July 2018 in Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research
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Background and Aims Earlier ripening of grapes due to global warming could be mitigated by delaying hand pruning on pre‐pruned canes. Hand pruning on pre‐pruned vines was delayed until after distal buds on canes had burst for Sangiovese (Vitis vinifera L.) vines, and the effect on phenology, canopy development, leaf gas exchange, yield and berry development and composition was assessed. Methods and Results Pre‐pruned vines, which were subsequently hand‐pruned during winter, were compared to vines where hand pruning was delayed (DP) until shoots from distal nodes of canes had burst and developed 3–4 (DP3) or 7–8 (DP7) expanded leaves. Delayed pruning delayed budburst by about 30 days in DP3 vines and 37–47 days in DP7 vines, which led to a slowing of canopy development and berry growth. Veraison was delayed by between 10 and 20 days. Yield was substantially reduced by delaying hand pruning but the concentration of phenolic substances and the acidity of berries was increased. Conclusions Delaying hand pruning on vines that had already been pre‐pruned delayed budburst, anthesis and veraison, reduced yield and significantly affected berry composition. The magnitude of these effects increased with the length of the pruning delay. Significance of the Study Delaying hand pruning on pre‐pruned grapevines may represent a promising technique to mitigate against some of the deleterious effects of global warming in vineyards.

ACS Style

O. Silvestroni; V. Lanari; T. Lattanzi; A. Palliotti. Delaying winter pruning, after pre-pruning, alters budburst, leaf area, photosynthesis, yield and berry composition in Sangiovese (Vitis viniferaL.). Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research 2018, 24, 478 -486.

AMA Style

O. Silvestroni, V. Lanari, T. Lattanzi, A. Palliotti. Delaying winter pruning, after pre-pruning, alters budburst, leaf area, photosynthesis, yield and berry composition in Sangiovese (Vitis viniferaL.). Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research. 2018; 24 (4):478-486.

Chicago/Turabian Style

O. Silvestroni; V. Lanari; T. Lattanzi; A. Palliotti. 2018. "Delaying winter pruning, after pre-pruning, alters budburst, leaf area, photosynthesis, yield and berry composition in Sangiovese (Vitis viniferaL.)." Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research 24, no. 4: 478-486.

Short communication
Published: 16 December 2017 in Brazilian Journal of Botany
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Recent studies showed how the density of leaf vascular system can be involved in the performance of physiological parameters. Major veins are commonly elevated in the lower epidermis of the leaf, and this anatomical feature could play a subsidiary role in increasing heat dispersion in the surrounding environment and may help dissipate excess light energy in the leaves. The aim of this study is to analyse the role of the leaf vein network in the heat dissipation process in Vitis vinifera (L.). Major leaf veins were insulated with liquid paraffin and analysed using thermal imaging. A significantly higher temperature was found on the leaf tissues with insulated veins compared to untreated leaves. Further studies are required to assess the real contribution of the leaf vascular network in thermal dissipation.

ACS Style

Mario Pagano; Alberto Palliotti; Lorenzo Baldacci; Giorgio Carelli; Paolo Storchi. A possible role of leaf vascular network in heat dissipation in Vitis vinifera L. Brazilian Journal of Botany 2017, 41, 227 -231.

AMA Style

Mario Pagano, Alberto Palliotti, Lorenzo Baldacci, Giorgio Carelli, Paolo Storchi. A possible role of leaf vascular network in heat dissipation in Vitis vinifera L. Brazilian Journal of Botany. 2017; 41 (1):227-231.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mario Pagano; Alberto Palliotti; Lorenzo Baldacci; Giorgio Carelli; Paolo Storchi. 2017. "A possible role of leaf vascular network in heat dissipation in Vitis vinifera L." Brazilian Journal of Botany 41, no. 1: 227-231.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2016 in Biologia plantarum
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Malate is accumulated in grape pericarp until the start of ripening and then it is dissimilated. One aim of this study was to determine if the potential contribution of stored malate to the substrate requirements of metabolism in ripening grape pericarp is dependent on the cultivar. Two Vitis vinifera L. cultivars which accumulated different amounts of malate and had ripening periods of a different length were compared. The potential contribution of stored malate over the whole period of ripening was around 20 % in the cv. Sagrantino and 29 % in the cv. Pinot Noir. The contribution was higher in Pinot Noir because it contained more malate and had a shorter ripening period. A second aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of gluconeogenesis to the amount of sugar accumulated in the pericarp. If all the dissimilated malate was utilized by gluconeogenesis, then the maximum contribution of stored malate to the total amount of sugar accumulated in the pericarp over the whole period of ripening was around 2.4 % in Sagrantino and 2.9 % in Pinot Noir. However, the actual contribution was only about 0.1–0.6 % in both cultivars because the majority of stored malate was not utilized by gluconeogenesis. However, it is likely that the actual contribution is much lower. This suggests that the function of gluconeogenesis is not to support accumulation of sugars in the fruits, but probably it plays other roles

ACS Style

F. Famiani; D. Farinelli; Tommaso Frioni; A. Palliotti; Alberto Battistelli; S. Moscatello; R. P. Walker. Malate as substrate for catabolism and gluconeogenesis during ripening in the pericarp of different grape cultivars. Biologia plantarum 2016, 60, 155 -162.

AMA Style

F. Famiani, D. Farinelli, Tommaso Frioni, A. Palliotti, Alberto Battistelli, S. Moscatello, R. P. Walker. Malate as substrate for catabolism and gluconeogenesis during ripening in the pericarp of different grape cultivars. Biologia plantarum. 2016; 60 (1):155-162.

Chicago/Turabian Style

F. Famiani; D. Farinelli; Tommaso Frioni; A. Palliotti; Alberto Battistelli; S. Moscatello; R. P. Walker. 2016. "Malate as substrate for catabolism and gluconeogenesis during ripening in the pericarp of different grape cultivars." Biologia plantarum 60, no. 1: 155-162.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2015 in Journal of Plant Physiology
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Photosynthetic performances and energy dissipation mechanisms were evaluated on the anisohydric\ud cv. Sangiovese and on the isohydric cv. Montepulciano (Vitis vinifera L.) under conditions of multiple\ud summer stresses. Potted vines of both cultivars were maintained at 90% and 40% of maximum water\ud availability from fruit-set to veraison. One week before veraison, at predawn and midday, main gasexchange\ud and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, chlorophyll content, xanthophyll pool and cycle and\ud catalase activity were evaluated. Under water deficit and elevated irradiance and temperature, contrary\ud to cv. Montepulciano and despite a significant leaf water potential decrease, Sangiovese’s leaves kept their\ud stomata more open and continued to assimilate CO2 while also showing higher water use efficiency. Under these environmental conditions, in comparison with the isohydric cv. Montepulciano, the protective mechanisms of energy dissipation exerted by the anisohydric cv. Sangiovese were: (i) higher stomatal conductance and thermoregulation linked to higher transpiration rate; (ii) greater ability at dissipating more efficiently the excess energy via the xanthophylls cycle activity (thermal dissipation) due to higher VAZ pool and greater increase of de-epoxidation activity

ACS Style

Alberto Palliotti; Sergio Tombesi; Tommaso Frioni; Oriana Silvestroni; Vania Lanari; Claudio D’Onofrio; Fabiola Matarese; Andrea Bellincontro; Stefano Poni. Physiological parameters and protective energy dissipation mechanisms expressed in the leaves of two Vitis vinifera L. genotypes under multiple summer stresses. Journal of Plant Physiology 2015, 185, 84 -92.

AMA Style

Alberto Palliotti, Sergio Tombesi, Tommaso Frioni, Oriana Silvestroni, Vania Lanari, Claudio D’Onofrio, Fabiola Matarese, Andrea Bellincontro, Stefano Poni. Physiological parameters and protective energy dissipation mechanisms expressed in the leaves of two Vitis vinifera L. genotypes under multiple summer stresses. Journal of Plant Physiology. 2015; 185 ():84-92.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alberto Palliotti; Sergio Tombesi; Tommaso Frioni; Oriana Silvestroni; Vania Lanari; Claudio D’Onofrio; Fabiola Matarese; Andrea Bellincontro; Stefano Poni. 2015. "Physiological parameters and protective energy dissipation mechanisms expressed in the leaves of two Vitis vinifera L. genotypes under multiple summer stresses." Journal of Plant Physiology 185, no. : 84-92.

Journal article
Published: 24 July 2015 in Scientific Reports
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Water saving under drought stress is assured by stomatal closure driven by active (ABA-mediated) and/or passive (hydraulic-mediated) mechanisms. There is currently no comprehensive model nor any general consensus about the actual contribution and relative importance of each of the above factors in modulating stomatal closure in planta. In the present study, we assessed the contribution of passive (hydraulic) vs active (ABA mediated) mechanisms of stomatal closure in V. vinifera plants facing drought stress. Leaf gas exchange decreased progressively to zero during drought, and embolism-induced loss of hydraulic conductance in petioles peaked to ~50% in correspondence with strong daily limitation of stomatal conductance. Foliar ABA significantly increased only after complete stomatal closure had already occurred. Rewatering plants after complete stomatal closure and after foliar ABA reached maximum values did not induced stomatal re-opening, despite embolism recovery and water potential rise. Our data suggest that in grapevine stomatal conductance is primarily regulated by passive hydraulic mechanisms. Foliar ABA apparently limits leaf gas exchange over long-term, also preventing recovery of stomatal aperture upon rewatering, suggesting the occurrence of a mechanism of long-term down-regulation of transpiration to favor embolism repair and preserve water under conditions of fluctuating water availability and repeated drought events.

ACS Style

Sergio Tombesi; Andrea Nardini; Tommaso Frioni; Marta Soccolini; Claudia Zadra; Daniela Farinelli; Stefano Poni; Alberto Palliotti. Stomatal closure is induced by hydraulic signals and maintained by ABA in drought-stressed grapevine. Scientific Reports 2015, 5, 12449 .

AMA Style

Sergio Tombesi, Andrea Nardini, Tommaso Frioni, Marta Soccolini, Claudia Zadra, Daniela Farinelli, Stefano Poni, Alberto Palliotti. Stomatal closure is induced by hydraulic signals and maintained by ABA in drought-stressed grapevine. Scientific Reports. 2015; 5 (1):12449.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sergio Tombesi; Andrea Nardini; Tommaso Frioni; Marta Soccolini; Claudia Zadra; Daniela Farinelli; Stefano Poni; Alberto Palliotti. 2015. "Stomatal closure is induced by hydraulic signals and maintained by ABA in drought-stressed grapevine." Scientific Reports 5, no. 1: 12449.