Kamchatka berry (Lonicera caerulea var. kamtschatica) and haskap (Lonicera caerulea var. emphyllocalyx) fruit are important sources of bioactive compounds, mainly polyphenols, but also macro- and microelements. Physico-chemical analysis showed that wheat beers with added fruit were characterised by an average 14.06% higher ethanol content, lower bitterness and intense colour compared to the control, which was a wheat beer without added fruit. Wheat beers enriched with kamchatka berry fruit, including the “Aurora” variety, had the highest polyphenolic profile (e.g., chlorogenic acid content averaged 7.30 mg/L), and the antioxidant activity of fruit-enriched wheat beers determined by the DPPH method showed higher antioxidant activity of wheat beers enriched with kamchatka berry fruit, while those determined by the FRAP and ABTS methods showed higher antioxidant activity of wheat beers enriched with haskap fruit, including the “Willa” variety. Sensory evaluation of the beer product showed that wheat beers enriched with kamchatka berry fruits of the “Duet” variety and haskap fruits of the “Willa” variety were characterised by the most balanced taste and aroma. On the basis of the conducted research, it follows that both kamchatka berry fruits of the “Duet” and “Aurora” varieties and haskap fruit of the “Willa” variety can be used successfully in the production of fruity wheat beers.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate yield, grain quality characteristics, and cost-effectiveness of different crop protection methods in the cultivation of spring wheat using two levels of mineral fertilization of crops. The study shows that the combined application of the herbicide Lintur 70 WG (dicamba and triasulfuron) with ethephon or chlormequat chloride did not adversely affect spring wheat productivity. The highest yield was obtained in the treatment with intensive fertilization (5.18 t ha^-1) and in the treatments with the application of herbicide in combination with ethephon (5.26 t ha^-1). The chemical crop protection methods caused significant differences in grain test weight. In turn, mineral fertilization modified all the studied grain quality characteristics. An analysis of the indicators used to evaluate the economic effects of the spring wheat production technologies investigated showed a clear advantage of the lower intensity technology over the more intensive technologies, which should be associated with the high costs of mineral fertilization that were not compensated by the yields obtained. In analyzing the production and economic effects, treatment with the application of the herbicide in combination with ethephon under basic mineral fertilization conditions proved to be most beneficial.

An experiment, conducted over the period 2008–2010, evaluated the effect of tillage system on the occurrence and species composition of anthropophytes in winter wheat, maize and spring wheat. Regardless of crop plant and tillage system, anthropophytes (73.9%), represented by archaeophytes and kenophytes, were the main component of the flora in the crops studied, whereas apophytes accounted for the remaining 26.1%. Most archaeophytes (13 species) were found in the spring wheat crop under no-tillage, while their lowest number (6 species) occurred in the spring wheat crop under conventional tillage. The only kenophyte, Conyza canadensis, was found to occur in the spring wheat and maize crops in the no-tillage system. The following taxa were dominant species among archeophytes: Geranium pusillum, Anthemis arvensis, and Viola arvensis (regardless of tillage system and crop plant), Anthemis arvensis (in spring wheat – conventional tillage), Echinochloa crus-galli and Setaria glauca (in maize – reduced tillage and no-tillage), Chenopodium album (in maize – no-tillage) as well as Apera spica-venti, Anthemis arvensis and Papaver rhoeas (in winter wheat – no-tillage).

Open Access Agricultural Journals published by Institute of Agricultural Economics and Information

In our research conducted in years 2009-2011 three herbicides were examined in the respect of their usefulness at the plantation of prairie cordgrass (Spartina ...