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Plants constitute a rich source of diverse classes of valuable phytochemicals (e.g., phenolic acids, flavonoids, carotenoids, alkaloids) with proven biological activity (e.g., antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, etc.). However, factors such as low stability, poor solubility and bioavailability limit their food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical applications. In this regard, a wide range of delivery systems have been developed to increase the stability of plant-derived bioactive compounds upon processing, storage or under gastrointestinal digestion conditions, to enhance their solubility, to mask undesirable flavors as well as to efficiently deliver them to the target tissues where they can exert their biological activity and promote human health. In the present review, the latest advances regarding the design of innovative delivery systems for pure plant bioactive compounds, extracts or essential oils, in order to overcome the above-mentioned challenges, are presented. Moreover, a broad spectrum of applications along with future trends are critically discussed.
Anastasia Kyriakoudi; Eleni Spanidi; Ioannis Mourtzinos; Konstantinos Gardikis. Innovative Delivery Systems Loaded with Plant Bioactive Ingredients: Formulation Approaches and Applications. Plants 2021, 10, 1238 .
AMA StyleAnastasia Kyriakoudi, Eleni Spanidi, Ioannis Mourtzinos, Konstantinos Gardikis. Innovative Delivery Systems Loaded with Plant Bioactive Ingredients: Formulation Approaches and Applications. Plants. 2021; 10 (6):1238.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnastasia Kyriakoudi; Eleni Spanidi; Ioannis Mourtzinos; Konstantinos Gardikis. 2021. "Innovative Delivery Systems Loaded with Plant Bioactive Ingredients: Formulation Approaches and Applications." Plants 10, no. 6: 1238.
The production, characterization and stability of nanoencapsulates of saffron hydrophilic apocarotenoids, i.e. crocins and picrocrocin, in maltodextrin using spray-drying are presented. The effect of mesh size and core:wall ratio (w/w) on the product yield and encapsulation efficiency of these apocarotenoids was examined. Nanoencapsulates were characterized and their stability was examined in the presence or absence of a strong phenolic antioxidant, the caffeic acid, under thermal and in vitro gastrointestinal conditions. Spherical particles were obtained. Product yield and encapsulation efficiency (%) of crocins and picrocrocin was found to be satisfactory. Thermal stability and bioaccessibility of these apocarotenoids was enhanced by nanoencapsulation. Further protection was provided by caffeid acid.
Anastasia Kyriakoudi; Maria Z. Tsimidou. Properties of encapsulated saffron extracts in maltodextrin using the Büchi B-90 nano spray-dryer. Food Chemistry 2018, 266, 458 -465.
AMA StyleAnastasia Kyriakoudi, Maria Z. Tsimidou. Properties of encapsulated saffron extracts in maltodextrin using the Büchi B-90 nano spray-dryer. Food Chemistry. 2018; 266 ():458-465.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnastasia Kyriakoudi; Maria Z. Tsimidou. 2018. "Properties of encapsulated saffron extracts in maltodextrin using the Büchi B-90 nano spray-dryer." Food Chemistry 266, no. : 458-465.
The present study aims to examine whether and to what extent the bioaccessibility of the major saffron apocarotenoids, namely crocetin sugar esters (CRTSEs), is affected by the presence of strong water-soluble antioxidants, ingredients of the herbs found in commercial tea blends with saffron. An in vitro digestion model was applied to infusions from these products to investigate the possible changes. All of the studied infusions were rich in total phenols (9.9–22.5 mg caffeic acid equivalents/100 mg dry infusion) and presented strong DPPH radical scavenging activity regardless of the composition of the corresponding herbal blends. RP-HPLC-DAD and LC-MS analysis enabled the grouping of the infusions into hydroxycinnamic acid-rich and in flavan-3-ol-rich ones. CRTSEs in herbal tea infusions were found to be significantly more bioaccessible (66.3%–88.6%) than those in the reference saffron infusion (60.9%). The positive role of strong phenolic antioxidants (caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid) on the stability of CRTSEs was also evidenced in model binary mixtures. On the contrary, cinnamic acid, exerting no antioxidant activity, did not have such an effect. Our findings suggest that strong radical scavengers may protect the crocetin sugar esters from oxidation during digestion when present in excess.
Stella A. Ordoudi; Anastasia Kyriakoudi; Maria Z. Tsimidou. Enhanced Bioaccessibility of Crocetin Sugar Esters from Saffron in Infusions Rich in Natural Phenolic Antioxidants. Molecules 2015, 20, 17760 -17774.
AMA StyleStella A. Ordoudi, Anastasia Kyriakoudi, Maria Z. Tsimidou. Enhanced Bioaccessibility of Crocetin Sugar Esters from Saffron in Infusions Rich in Natural Phenolic Antioxidants. Molecules. 2015; 20 (10):17760-17774.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStella A. Ordoudi; Anastasia Kyriakoudi; Maria Z. Tsimidou. 2015. "Enhanced Bioaccessibility of Crocetin Sugar Esters from Saffron in Infusions Rich in Natural Phenolic Antioxidants." Molecules 20, no. 10: 17760-17774.